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Panas Mirny: biography, photo

Few of people who have achieved success in literature, music or in other endeavors, can remain untouched by fame. However, the Ukrainian writer, poet and translator Athanasius Rudchenko (better known under the pseudonym Panas Mirny) was not that kind. He was able to remain a modest and unpretentious person even after his novels and stories gained popularity.

Panas Mirny, biography: childhood, adolescence, mature age

Afanasy was born (Panas in Ukrainian) Yakovlevich Rudchenko in May 1849 in the glorious Mirgorod. The parents of the future star of Ukrainian literature were ordinary people, accustomed to "live from the ground" (how the villagers earn their living by farming and selling grown products). However, the father of the boy was an intelligent man, and he was able to become an accountant and work in a county treasury.

From the very childhood, the future Panas Mirny knew that there was nothing more to count on him, except his own strength. Therefore, after finishing his studies at the district school of Gadyach, at the age of fourteen he got a job in the same city - in a district court.

Having inherited intelligence and diligence from his father, Rudchenko soon proved himself well and was able to make a career. In just a few years of work, he secured the position of assistant accountant in the county treasury.

Athanasius was not yet twenty-five when he was appointed to the Poltava State Chamber, where he held various positions at various times. Over time, Rudchenko rose to the prestigious title of a real state councilor.

Peaceful Panas: the beginning of the creative path

Despite the excellent reputation and high office of the official, Rudchenko largely disagreed with the political situation in the Russian Empire. Especially with regard to the newly freed from serfdom and left with virtually no land and the possibility of earning the peasants, the problems of which he knew not by hearsay. Therefore, even at the beginning of his career, the official Afanasy Rudchenko took up his pen. He was inspired by this act by his own elder brother, already known to many in literary circles under the pseudonym Ivan Bilyk. However, unlike his brother, who actively collects and publishes Ukrainian folklore, Afanasy was more interested in writing his own works.

Despite the fact that later Panas Mirny was famous as a prose writer, his first published work was the poem "Ukraine". But soon Rudchenko realized that in prose he was much better able to express his ideas. And the second published work of the author was the story "Lichy komutav."

After a successful debut, Mirny's stories and stories began to appear quite often in periodicals abroad (mainly in Lviv and Geneva). This was due to the fact that in those years in the Russian Empire there was a ban on printed publications in the Ukrainian language. Therefore, such literature was printed in the nearest countries, where the laws did not prohibit this, and after it was secretly transported across the border and distributed. This prohibition is also connected with the fact that both Athanasius and his brother Ivan, being officials, wrote under pseudonyms (a photo of Panas Mirny and his older brother Ivan Bilyk - below). After all, for their activities, they could not only lose the work that fed them, but in general go to jail.

Creative successes and public activity of the writer

In the seventies and eighties of the XIX century Afanasy Rudchenko's small prose began to be published quite often.

In 1880, the brothers Rudchenko publish the novel "Hoba roar of will, yak jasla ponny?" A little later, Panas Mirny independently takes on a new novel "Poviya." In Russian it is translated as "The Prostitute" or "The Walker". The first two parts of the new novel were printed in the almanac "Rada" already in Ukraine, the third - in 1919 in the Literary and Scientific Herald.

In the second half of the eighties, Panas Mirnyi became more famous, and soon published a collection of short stories "Zbiranitsa z ridnogo polya." In parallel, his works continue to be published in various editions on both sides of the Dnieper.

In these years the play "Lymerivna", "The Tale about Truth that Krivda", "Peremudriv", "Catch" and other works were published.

In addition to a secret but very active literary activity, he also participated in the public life of Panas Mirny. A brief biography of the writer usually mentions his participation in the secret Poltava revolutionary circle "Unya", and also that he was a member of the commission of the City Duma in Poltava. However, apart from this, Athanasius Rudchenko actively advocated the equality of women, who, in his opinion, should also have the opportunity to earn their living independently.

Personal life and the last years of the writer's life

Despite his literary fame and success in his career, Afanasy Rudchenko has always remained a man of rare modesty. Many of his close people have not known for a long time that he is the same mysterious Panas Mirny. The writer believed that all the forces must be given to help ordinary people, and not to spoil them for self-promotion.

Perhaps, it was because of his modesty that Rudchenko married at a fairly mature age. In the writer's diary there were references to his failures in relations with women in earlier years. However, having met at the age of thirty-nine, the beautiful Alexandra Sheydeman, who was already going to marry a St. Petersburg doctor, the writer lost his head and did his best to conquer his beloved.

A month before the writer's fortieth birthday, lovers modestly celebrated the wedding. From this marriage, Athanasius Rudchenko was born three sons. Unfortunately, two of them died during the First World War and the Civil War. The youngest son became the director of the museum dedicated to the memory of Panas Mirny in Poltava, opened in the writer's house after his death from a stroke in January 1920.

Creative heritage

For his seventy years of life, Panas Mirnyi has written many works. His best-known stories are "Morozenko", "Likhy Kissing", novels "P'anitsa", "Lihі people", "Hungry Will", novels "Catch", "Dream" and play "Limerivna". Also the writer is the author of two novels: "Hoba roar with will, yak jasla ponny?" (With his older brother) and "Povia".

Among other things, Panas Mirnyi tried his hand at writing poems. Known are his poems "Until the Suceava Muzi", "Until Brothers-zasaltsiv", "Ukraine" and others.

The writer was also engaged in translations into Ukrainian. His pen belongs to the translation "Dumi about Gayavatu", "Tsarivni Polunichki", as well as Schiller's "Orleansky dovchini" (over which he worked until his death).

The adaptation of the novel "Povia"

In 1961, based on the second novel by Panas Mirnyi "Povia", the motion picture "Walking" was shot at the Dovzhenko film studio. The main role was directed by Lyudmila Gurchenko.

The writer Panas Mirnyi managed to achieve almost everything that people dream about: he made a great career in the service, became famous as a writer, married a beloved woman and lived with her for thirty years. There were sorrows in his life, but he, unlike most of his heroes, was able to overcome everything and remain a worthy person.

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