Climate of Primorsky Krai. Geographical location, natural areas

The nature and climate of Primorsky Krai are really unique. This is a region that is covered by a forest for ¾. This is an area in which taiga trees grow in the neighborhood of lianas, and in the middle of the salt sea they beat springs with fresh water.

About the province as a whole

Primorye Territory was formed in 1938 due to the fragmentation of the Far Eastern Territory. The region borders on two states - China and North Korea. The population of Primorsky Krai is almost two million people. And about 80% of them live in cities.

Geographic location on the eastern edge of Eurasia largely determines the nature of the climate and local weather. The Primorye Territory stretches from north to south by almost 900 kilometers. Significant expanses of the region are occupied by low mountains: Manchu-Korean, and also Sikhote-Alin. The highest point of the edge is Mount Anik, which is 1933 meters high. The largest river is Ussuri.

The natural landscapes of Primorsky Krai impress with their diversity. Some of them inspire thoughts about distant overseas countries, they are very unlike the typical Russian landscapes. To such, for example, can be attributed landscapes of the Gamow Peninsula, which is called the "Russian edge of the world".

The administrative center of the region is the city of Vladivostok. Primorsky Krai is administratively divided into 22 districts and 12 city districts.

Geographical position

The Primorye Territory, with an area of 165 thousand square kilometers, occupies almost 1% of the Russian territory. The region is located on the south-eastern outskirts of the Russian Federation. Its eastern coasts are washed by the waters of the Sea of Japan.

The coastline of the edge is quite severely dissected, forming a series of bays, islands and bays. The largest bays are Peter the Great, Amur, East; Islands - Russian, Askold, Putyatin and others.

The total length of the borders of Primorsky Krai is about 3000 kilometers. Half of them pass by sea.

The extreme points of Primorye are as follows:

• Northern - the source of the river Dagda (48 ° 28 'north);
• Southern - the mouth of the Tumangan River (42 ° 18 'north);
• The western one - the source of the Novgorodovo River (130 ° 24 'E);
• East - Cape Golden (139 ° 02 'E).

Weather and climate of Primorsky Krai

In the minds of many residents of Russia, Primorsky Krai is a distant, northern and very cold region. Few people know that the southernmost point of Primorye is located south of Monte Carlo or the popular once resort of Sukhumi. However, the climate of Primorsky Krai is much more severe. In winter, frost in some of its areas can reach 30-35 degrees below zero.

The type of climate in Primorsky Krai is moderate monsoon. Winters here are clear, dry and fairly cold. In the spring, there are significant temperature changes. Summer is cool and rainy: in three summer months, up to 80% of annual precipitation falls in these parts. Autumn in Primorye, as a rule, is moderately warm and dry.

Frequent fogs, heavy rainfall and typhoons are the usual summer weather for this region. Primorye Territory in the warm season often "visit" tropical cyclones. The consequences of these "visits" are often very unpleasant, up to serious destruction of buildings and communications.

Average temperatures in July in Primorye: + 18 ... +26 degrees, in January: -8 ... -18 degrees. Despite its severity, the climate of Primorsky Krai allows growing a number of crops. For example, Amur grapes.

Flora, fauna and natural areas

Vegetative world of Primorye is extremely diverse. Botanists number in its range about 250 species of trees and shrubs, a thousand species of algae and fungi, several hundred mosses and lichens. There are many endemic plants in the region: birch, iron, alangium, girlish virgin, hornbeam hearth and others.

Equally rich is the fauna of the region. Here there are 103 species of mammals, 483 birds, 377 fish, at least 22,000 insect species, including the world's largest hornet. Typical representatives of the wildlife of Primorye are the wolf, lynx, brown bear, elk, roe deer, squirrel, crane, fox, spotted deer. There are also exotic species for Russia: raccoon dog, Himalayan bear, manchurian leopard, Amur tiger. The habitat of the latter, by the way, practically coincides with the administrative boundaries of Primorsky Krai.

Three natural zones can be distinguished within this region:

• Taiga (in the north);
• Variable-moist (monsoon type) forests - in the south and in the western part;
• Zone of high-altitude zonality (Sikhote-Alin and spurs of the Manchu-Korean mountains).

It should be noted that the natural zones of Primorsky Krai have a submeridional configuration. That is, they are all stretched in the direction from north to south.

Massifs of natural origin cover up to 80% of the territory of the region. Here spruce-fir and cedar-deciduous forests grow. In the south of the region, they are gradually mixed with more thermophilic species of trees. On the coast and in the river valleys you can see amazing natural complexes - thickets of ash, elm and Manchurian walnut, entwined with real vines.

Another natural zone, which is found in Primorye is fragmented, is the forest-steppe. True, it arose here as a result of human activities (perennial deforestation) and large-scale fires.

Population and ethnic composition

The population of Primorsky Krai currently stands at just over 1.9 million people. 77% of them live in cities. The average density is 12 people per square kilometer. Km, but the population is placed extremely unevenly. Most of the population is concentrated in the southern part of the region. About a third of the territory does not have a permanent population at all.

The ethnic structure of the region is dominated by Russians (85%). Behind them are Ukrainians (2.5%) and Koreans (about 1%). The indigenous peoples of the Primorye Territory are Udege, Taz and Nanais. However, they are very few. Their total share in the ethnic composition of the region's population does not exceed one percent.

Administrative division and cities

The Primorye Territory includes 22 districts and 12 urban districts. The capital is the city of Vladivostok, which is home to about a third of the population of Primorye. The areas of the Primorsky Territory are not the same in size. The largest of them are located in the north (Krasnoarmeisky, Pozharsky and Terneisky), and the smallest ones are in the south.

In the Primorye Territory there are 12 cities. The largest of them - Vladivostok, Ussuriisk and Nakhodka. Most of the cities in this region were formed in the late 19th or first half of the 20th century.

Vladivostok (Primorye Territory) - a city of fogs, ships and bridges

The largest and oldest city in the region is Vladivostok. It was founded in 1860 as a military post of the Russian Empire. Literally the name of the city is interpreted as "owning the east", which fully corresponds to the purpose of its appearance on the map of Eurasia.

Vladivostok urban district includes 50 islands. In 2012, the city built two beautiful bridges (on the occasion of the APEC summit here). One of them will be thrown across the Golden Horn Bay, the other - to the Russian Island. Since October 2015 Vladivostok has the status of the city of porto-franco ("free port").

About 90% of urban housing is multi-storey buildings. Public transport is represented by buses, trolleybuses, trams, ferries and even a funicular. By the way, Vladivostok's tramway system appeared in 1912 and is the oldest in the Asian part of Russia.

Many compare this Far Eastern city to the American San Francisco. True, the famous Russian blogger Ilya Varlamov calls him "the complete opposite" of the Foggy City of Frisco. There are really many problems in Vladivostok. The sharpest of them are permanent traffic jams, the lack of normal treatment facilities, high prices for products.

The main natural attractions of the region

Tourism is poorly developed in Primorsky Krai. Perhaps the inhabitants of South Korea, Japan or China, this region is even more interesting than the Russian. Tourists from these countries come here on a regular basis. And they are attracted primarily by nature.

Below are listed the 10 most beautiful, most famous and most impressive natural landmarks of the region:

1. The Great Amginsky Falls.
2. Gamow Peninsula.
3. The Krabbe Peninsula.
4. Cape De Liveron.
5. Kosa Nazimova.
6. Bay Anna.
7. Rock of Fucking Finger.
8. Trioserie is a picturesque bay and three freshwater lakes.
9. Popova Island.
10. Reef cove with beautiful and huge sandy beaches.

Interesting facts about Primorsky Krai

Finally we offer to your attention the 12 most interesting facts about the nature and population of this amazing region:

1. On the territory of the region you can find a real taiga, and subtropical forests.
2. The warmest month of the year here is August.
3. About 75% of the Primorsky Krai is occupied by forests.
4. Within the Maritime Territory there lives the Far Eastern leopard - a unique representative of felines, which is not found anywhere else on the planet.
5. The most windy place in the region is the city of Vladivostok.
6. Primorye is almost the only place on earth where bears and tigers can live in the same forest.
7. On a small island of Petrov in the waters of the Sea of Japan there is a mysterious yew grove, whose age is not less than a thousand years.
8. In the territory of Primorsky Krai many settlements with very colorful names: Kievka, Chernigovka, Poltavka, Novaya Moskva, etc. All these villages were founded by settlers from the European part of Russia.
9. Until 1880 there was not a single city here.
10. The region produces a wide range of minerals - from brown coal to silver and gold.
11. In the Primorsky Territory, many atheists - about 35% of the population (this is a record figure for Russia).
12. In this region there is a Bosporus - East Passage.