Classification of plants

It is unlikely that at least one person from today's living knows who were those first people who noticed all sorts of differences in plants and learned to use their unique properties. Nobody, of course, will name the names of these ancient researchers, who began to carry out such a necessity for mankind as the classification of plants.

The first timid attempts to classify plants were based only on the external similarity of the materials studied. That is why very often their results were erroneous. However, by studying the plant samples more deeply, the scientists obtained all the new facts that greatly advanced the study of the plant world.

The modern classification of plants, like most classifications of living organisms, is based on the well-known Darwin theory. It is a kind of family tree with many branches. A natural confirmation of the correctness of this theory are various paleontological findings. Analysis of the structure of ancient extinct plants and its comparison with modern specimens allow one to judge the origin of species and determine the antiquity of modern plants. And the result of such studies is the grouping of plants having a common "ancestor". During such experiments, botanists carefully trace the evolution path of each sample and classify it.

Conditionally it is possible to divide the plant world into higher and lower plants. The lower ones are algae and lichens, and the higher ones are mosses, gymnosperms, ferns and flowering plants. Accordingly, these categories are divided into different departments.

The largest is the department of angiosperms or flowering plants, which includes trees, shrubs, wild-growing and cultural organisms. It should be noted that all of them largely differ in form and size, as well as life expectancy and many other properties. It was in order to calmly navigate in this riot of wildlife, and a classification of flowering plants was created. It united a large number of families among themselves by creating such groups and subgroups as species, gender, order, class and department. These groups were created on the basis of the features of the structure, the generality of the methods of development and reproduction of plants.

Great changes in the classification of plants in 1789. The book, which was written by the famous botanist Antoine Laurent Jussie, entitled "Plant genera, located in natural order", divided the flower department into 15 classes, within which there were about 100 "natural orders". This work brought worldwide fame to the French botanist, and most of the names invented by him are still used today.

Some lovers of wildlife do not seriously engage in such a complicated science as botany, but they like to plant indoor plants. Such a home "scientist" may well come in handy classification of houseplants, which divides this section into three groups: plants of moderate illumination, shade-tolerant and light-loving.

The first group includes almost all known indoor plants. Citrus, hydrangeas, primroses and begonias feel great under moderate lighting.

The second group includes ferns, ivy, indoor grapes and boxwood, plants that survive quite calmly in the shady corners of the garden and vegetable garden.

The third group is the children of the sun, cacti, eucalyptus and oxen, plants that do not represent their own life without the gentle rays of the sun and are rapidly dying from lack of lighting.

The classification of plants for lovers of luscious greenery and natural beauty in the house is of no fundamental importance. The main thing for them is timely feeding, watering, changing the soil and sufficient lighting for their pets. After all, instead of plants bring coziness, and an atmosphere of peace and only they are subject to the charm of wildlife