Fire-technical minimum: passing, testing knowledge

Familiarity with fire safety rules (PB) is one of the main elements of a common safety culture. Education of people in the field of PB allows one to hope that the number of fires resulting from the disorderly attitude of certain people to the PB rules, careless handling of fire, neglect of installation rules, use of electrical equipment and household appliances will decrease.

The purpose and task of training in the field of fire safety

Familiarization of employees and heads of various institutions with the BOP is carried out in order to increase the level of the fire culture, which will have a beneficial effect on the stabilization of the situation in the field of BOP both at work and at home.

The tasks that solve this type of training are manifested in the aspiration:

• To give people as much as possible knowledge in the field of PB;
• Master skills and abilities to act in the event of uncontrolled ignition;
• Develop skills and skills that will help save lives, health and property in the event of a fire.

Fire Fighting: Introductory

Fire-brigade training (as well as fire and technical minimum) is a way to communicate the requirements to PBs to workers of various facilities, which enables them to study the fire hazard of technological processes at work, learn about the means of fire protection and the necessary actions required in the event of an uncontrolled fire.

Introductory firefighting instruction should be carried out:

• With employees newly recruited, regardless of their education, work experience in the position or profession;
• With workers on a temporary basis;
• With business travelers;
• With interns who came to work practice.

Primary fire brigade

The primary fire-fighting briefing at the place of work should be carried out:

• With all new employees;
• With employees transferred to another subdivision of the same organization;
• With employees who start new, unfamiliar duties for them;
• With employees working on a temporary basis;
• With builders who carry out construction and installation works on the territory of the institution.

The person responsible for securing the BOP in the unit can be instructed.

This type of briefing is conducted on an individual basis with a practical demonstration of actions to prevent and extinguish the fire. Instruction can be group, if a group of persons serves the same type of equipment at a common production site.

Repeated firefighting instruction

Such instruction is conducted among all people involved in the work of the organization, without exception, regardless of the qualification, education, length of service, nature of the work performed. A repeated briefing is held every six months. In the inspection process, the knowledge of the rules and instructions for the BOP is tested.

Fire brigade: unscheduled

The need for such briefings arises:

• When new ones are introduced or changes are made to old rules and norms of the PB;
• When there are changes in the technological process of production, in case of replacement or modernization of equipment, source material and other circumstances affecting the fire-fighting condition of production;
• When there was a fact of violation by employees of the requirements for PB, as a result of which a fire could have arisen or arose;
• When information is received about fires, accidents or incidents at similar facilities;
• When the fact of poor knowledge of the employees' measures and PB requirements was established.

What will be included in the contents of this briefing, to what extent, is determined depending on the grounds that led to the need for it.

What is the fire-technical minimum

Fire-technical minimum is the process of acquaintance of managers and workers of facilities with measures of the PB to increase the level of fire culture among the working population, the acquisition of skills and techniques for extinguishing fire, saving lives, property, health.

When organizing training, emphasis should be placed on the contingent of the instructed. So, the fire-technical minimum for managers and people responsible for the PB must pay special attention to their personal responsibility for compliance with the rules and norms of PB, fire hazard of specific facilities.

Fire-technical minimum rates for workers with different specializations should focus on the professional orientation with the practical component, where the skills of using primary fire extinguishing means are checked or acquired , the rules of behavior in case of fire in specific situations are studied, actions for evacuation from the facility due to ignition . There should not be any difficulties in presenting the material.

Checking knowledge of fire-technical minimum is to control the correctness of the steps taken in the event of an outbreak.

The process of training a minimum in the PB is carried out with a separation from production on the basis of educational educational institutions of the fire-technical profile, in educational and methodological centers, territorial divisions of the Ministry of Emergency Measures of Russia and other legal entities and individuals who are licensed to conduct this training.

Teachers, teachers, officials who carry out training within the framework of their authority for PB measures must previously undergo such a course on the basis of specialized educational institutions and obtain a corresponding certificate confirming their knowledge.

Fire safety training: frequency of conducting

A person selected and appointed by the head of the enterprise has the right to teach fire-technical minimum. The periodicity of training for employees and managers of organizations that do not deal with explosive materials in production is 3 years. If the enterprise is associated with an explosion or fire hazard production, then the fire-technical minimum training should be conducted once a year, at least. The knowledge gained at the courses will help workers in an emergency situation prevent fire or eliminate its cause.

Test of knowledge: how and by whom is carried out

A specially created commission checks the fire and technical minimum. The order of the object manager coordinates and approves the composition of the commission, which must include at least 3 persons. It may include a manager, key specialists and people responsible for the PB at the facility, and may also invite representatives of the state fire safety authorities.

The knowledge of the fire-technical minimum must be checked in accordance with the schedule previously agreed upon by the head. The persons to be inspected must be previously acquainted with it. It should include verification of theoretical and practical knowledge.

Control questions for testing knowledge among employees of federal authorities, taking into account the specifics of production activities, are compiled by ministries and departments. Heads of other facilities and organizations or persons responsible for the PB in this institution may independently prepare monitoring questions. But then they need to be coordinated with the territorial bodies of state fire supervision. Also, enterprise managers can independently conduct a course reading and form a list of employee-listeners.

Verification can be carried out by means of tests or software.

The results and the very passage of the fire-technical minimum are recorded in the protocol, which is certified by the chairman and members of the commission.

People who do not pass the knowledge test due to poor preparation, must carry out a second check and training within the next month.

Employees who successfully passed the fire-technical minimum receive a certificate signed by the chairman and members of the commission, with the stamp of the institution that issued the certificate, and the date of the next verification testifying to the received qualification.

Specialized programs for training in fire safety

Develop training programs can be legal and physical persons. Training programs for federal executive bodies are approved by the heads of organizations after they have been agreed in accordance with the established procedure with the chief state inspector of the Russian Federation for the BOP.

Training programs for other objects are approved by the state fire supervision authorities, to which the facility belongs territorially, taking into account all methodological recommendations.

Who is required to take training in MTC

Mandatory courses should be:

• For managers of facilities associated with explosive production.
• For employees responsible for the PB at various sites.
• Teachers working in pre-school and school educational institutions.
• For workers performing round-the-clock protection of facilities.
• For citizens who are actively involved in activities to prevent fires.
• For employees who are often involved in explosive and fire hazardous work.

Fire-technical minimum and appropriate training aimed at its passage, allows us to hope that the number of fires in the workplace and at home due to negligent attitudes to fire will decline every year.