Cement-sand mixture: consumption per 1 m2, proportions

A mixture based on sand, cement and water is universal, used in construction. Wall masonry, foundation and screed, rough plastering, concreting and other operations - this material is used everywhere. There are certain building codes in which the proportions are set so that a high-quality cement-sand mixture can be obtained. The expenditure per square meter is determined by the type of work performed. The quantitative component of sand directly depends on the brand of cement used.

Types and brands of cement

The composition of any cement includes limestone and clay in a ratio of 3: 1. These components are subjected to calcination and clinker is obtained - basic raw materials (granules). Next impose an admixture of gypsum and all grind. The larger grind is characterized by slow setting and less strength, but has a longer shelf life. And vice versa.

Adding to this mass additional elements, produce different brands of cement. Their importance is that they are designed for different construction operations and climatic conditions:

• Portland cement (PC). A brand that has moisture resistance and frost resistance. Applicable for the creation of any type of cement mortar, as well as for the manufacture of concrete.
• Slag Portland cement (SHPTs). Has increased water resistance and heat resistance. Applicable for masonry work and plaster, as well as for concreting subsea and underground objects. It is characterized by a long setting and hardening time.
• Cement is hydrophobic. Has high water resistance and resistance to low temperatures. The dry mix is well preserved even in a humid environment.
• PC plus fillers. Designed for manufacturing low-grade concrete.
• Portland cement quick hardening (BPC). Characterized by a short setting time. Ideal for reinforced concrete structures and monolithic structures in the winter. Shelf life is limited.
• White cement. Suitable for internal work at positive temperatures. It is a component of paint mixes.
• Colored cement. Quick-setting material. It is used to create mixtures (grout for seams of facing tiles) and paints.
• High-strength aluminous cement.
• Cement is expanding. Waterproof seal for sealing joints of concrete structures.

The marking of the material characterizes two features: the degree of resistance to mechanical stress and the amount of impurities, expressed in percent. So, for example, designation M 300 shows that a concrete block made of cement of this brand is able to withstand a pressure of 300 kg / cm.

Depending on what brand is made of cement-sand mixture, the consumption per 1 m2 (proportions) will be different. After all, you need different amounts of water to mix the solution in each case.

The quantitative relationship of sand and cement

As mentioned earlier, in order to properly manufacture the mixture, you need to look at the cement marking. Since cement acts as a binding substance, and sand is a filler, the first will be one part, and the last one will be a few.

For example, the marking M 400 allows a proportion of 1: 4, M 500 - 1: 5. That is, the number "5", "4" or "3" after M shows how many parts of sand can be applied to one part of the cement. It is not forbidden to place a smaller amount of filler at a high grade, but not less than 3 to 1, otherwise the solution will vomit when frozen.

How much solution do you need

How to calculate the consumption of cement-sand mixture per 1 m2? It all depends on the amount of work performed. After all, in addition to the area, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the mortar layer, if the foundation, reinforcing belt or any reinforced concrete structure is poured.

In this case, the experimental method of calculation will help. In the finished formwork measure an area equal to a square meter, and limit it to a partition - this is a dimensional volume. Further in large quantities, a cement-sand mixture is prepared. The consumption per 1 m2 is obtained by weighing the mass of the mixture and subtracting the residue from it, which is not included in the manufacture of concrete and the filling of this space.

The method has an error, but it is convenient for small private construction. In industrial development, everything is regulated by the norms of consumption.

Brick masonry: production rates

For masonry works, cement-sand mixture, consumption per 1 m2, is also determined. The calculation depends on the type of wall - the carriers are removed using high-quality cement, the partitions with a lower breakdown.

It was experimentally established that the cubic meter of masonry goes on average to 0.3 m3 of the solution plus up to 5% per loss. The area of one square of the real wall is calculated. The volume of the solution is divided by the number of rows of bricks. The result - the flow rate of the mixture in a row.

Quantity of mortar in screed

The preparation of a solution for this operation is stipulated by the standards. When implementing the rules for creating a cement-sand mixture, the consumption per 1 m2 of the screed does not exceed the norms and is calculated as follows:

• For cement grade M 500 and mortar M 150 - 410 kg of cement / 360 kg of sand, and for M 200 - 330 kg of cement / 280 kg of sand.
• For grade M 400 and solution M 150 - 490 kg of cement / 450 kg of sand, and for M 200 - 400 kg of cement / 350 kg of sand.

All this to get one cube of mass. Having determined the thickness of the screed, calculate the flow per square. The prescribed proportions make it possible to obtain a high-quality surface without detachment, chips and chips.

Wall leveling: mortar consumption

Before calculating the consumption of cement-sand mixture on 1 m2 of plaster, determine the thickness of the working layer. If it, for example, within 1 cm, then the square of the surface will take up to 9 kg of loose mixture. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the error in the deviation of the surface under the plaster. It is determined by measuring the plumb line at three points along the length of the plane. Summarizing and choosing the average index, calculate the actual thickness of the plaster solution layer.

The optimum proportion of cement, sand and water in the mixture is 4/16/2, respectively. From this relationship, it is easy to deduce the mass of each component for a specific amount of work.

How to reduce consumption

Adding additional components saves the cement-sand mixture. The consumption per m2 will be less under certain conditions:

1. Mortar solution is applied. This is permissible in the organization of plaster and imparts plasticity to the mass.
2. The backfilling is done when pouring the foundation and some reinforced concrete structures that do not carry heavy loads.
3. Added expanded clay, resulting in a warmer screed.
4. Used high-quality cement for the manufacture of concrete, then you can increase the percentage of filler in the form of gravel or gravel.

Although the cement-sand mixture is universal, the consumption per square meter of it depends largely on the professionalism of the builder.