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Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov. Soviet and Russian commander and politician

General Boris Gromov is one of the few who managed to stay true to himself and his ideals while remaining afloat. After going through Afghanistan, he always opposed any attempts to resolve issues inside the country using forceful methods. But they listened to him, unfortunately, not always.

Childhood and study

Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov is a hereditary military man, a native of Saratov. His father never saw his son - he died just on his birthday, November 7, 1943. At the age of twelve, the boy entered the Suvorov school in Saratov, his hometown. An example for him was his older brother Alexei, who by that time was already a Suvorov. Two years before graduation, the school in Saratov was abolished, and together with his company he was transferred to complete his education in Kalinin (modern Tver).

At the end of it, at the age of nineteen, Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov was drafted into the army. Then he continued his studies at the Leningrad Higher Combined Arms Command School named after Sergei Kirov, which in 1991 was renamed the St. Petersburg, and eight years later the decision of the Russian government was liquidated.

The beginning of military career

Upon graduation, Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov was seconded to the military district in the Baltics, where he grew up from the platoon commander to the company commander of the motorized rifle division. In his youth, General Gromov gained an opinion of himself as a talented, ambitious and promising young officer. Therefore, he was sent to study further, to the Moscow Military Academy named after Mikhail Frunze. The training was completed with a red diploma, after which Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov returned to his native military unit in Kaliningrad, where he headed the battalion.

Two years later he was promoted to the chief of staff of the regiment, and from 1975 for five years he served in the military district of the North Caucasus, where for two years he commanded the regiment, and then headed the divisional headquarters. There he received the rank of major.

Hot spot - Afghanistan

Serious and rapid breakthrough in the military career, Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov did during the armed conflict in Afghanistan, where he was promoted three times in rank. In 1979, a ten-year conflict began on the territory of the Muslim state, where the state forces of the republic, combined with a contingent of Soviet troops, faced armed resistance from the Mujahideen supported by the forces of the North Atlantic alliance and the leading Islamic states. UN then the actions of the Soviet Army qualified as a military intervention.

General Gromov arrived in the heat of this armed conflict, Afghanistan became for him a truly career springboard, where he arrived for service during the entire time of confrontation three times. At that time he was already 37 years old, shortly before this was awarded the rank of colonel, and for his shoulders was an excellent managerial experience. Upon arrival at the site, he received the command of the fifth Guards Motorized Rifle Division. For the first time in a hot spot, Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov served two years. Here he received the epaulettes of the Major General.

Raising his level of education, he continued at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR named after Kliment Voroshilov, which he completed with distinction. He returned to Afghanistan two more times: his last stay ended with an operation to withdraw troops.

The last year in Afghanistan

During his last trip abroad, General Gromov went through two more steps of the military career ladder: at the age of 44 he was awarded the rank of Lieutenant-General, and two years later Colonel-General's shoulder-straps were already on the tunic.

In the third stay in the epicenter of the armed conflict, he headed the 40th Army. He was her last commander. In addition, General Gromov also served as the Soviet government's authorized representative for temporary stay of troops in Afghanistan.

Under his leadership was Operation Magistral, which consisted in the withdrawal from the blockade of the city of Khost, for a long time besieged by militiamen. The actions in which General Gromov Boris Vsevolodovich displayed his courage and heroism were awarded the highest state award: in March 1988 he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Military Merit

While in Afghanistan, General Gromov often took over the leadership of not only covert operations, but also open fights. Its task was to achieve maximum effect from the operations conducted with minimal losses in the ranks of personnel.

It was he who was entrusted with the organization of the withdrawal of parts of the armed forces of the Soviet Army from the territory of the Afghan state. At the same time, he himself was among the last Soviet military to leave a foreign country. Within a year after these events he headed the troops of the Red Banner Kiev Military District.

The first political steps

The arrival of General Boris Gromov in big politics happened already at the end of the socialist history of the country. He was one of the last people's deputies. In parallel, in November of 1990, he served as Deputy Minister of the Interior of the Soviet Union. At the time of the putsch of the State Emergency Committee in the autumn of 1991, the general was on vacation. He was summoned to the capital to organize the capture of the White House with the involvement of internal troops. However, Boris Gromov spoke out against the assault, which never happened.

In October 1991, Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov, whose biography began to gain sharp momentum, headed the Central Officer Training Course for the improvement of the command staff "Vystrel". In December of the same year he became deputy commander of the ground forces, a few months later he was transferred to the first deputy commander of the general-purpose forces of the CIS Armed Forces. Another three years he worked as Deputy Minister of Defense.

Strict position of disagreement

In the period of hard times (early nineties), he often confronted the official authorities and refused to offer proposals, the moral aspect of which he did not share. In particular, in the fall of 1993, the issue of seizing the White House and resolving the conflict by force was acute. However, Gromov reacted categorically with a refusal. He also did not take part in the seizure of the building of the Supreme Council of Russia.

In 1995, disagreement with the actions of the state leadership regarding the use of the Armed Forces in resolving internal conflicts led to the fact that he wrote a report on his release from his duties. The official dismissal from military service was announced after General Gromov reached the sixtieth birthday in 2003.

People's trust

Deputy mandate Gromov received in the parliamentary elections in 1995, where he was a representative of Saratov in a single-seat constituency. In the Committee on Foreign Affairs, he was responsible for armaments and international security.

Deputy Gromov stayed in parliament and in the next electoral cycle. Zero years were marked by the election of a retired general to the post of governor of the Moscow region. For this position he worked for twelve years.

Governor's chair

Three years later the voters did not change their minds and again elected him head of the region. When the regional leaders became an appointed nomenclature, the President approved him in this post for another term from 2007. He left this work at the age of 69 years.

After the addition of the governor's powers, he moved to the Federation Council as a representative of the parliament from the Moscow region. Then he became a deputy of the Moscow regional Duma.

To the party of power, "United Russia", he joined ten years ago. Public activities of the general began with the election of its leader, "Combat Brotherhood", the All-Russian movement of veterans of local wars and military conflicts in 1997. He also heads the "Pure cities" - an international association. General Gromov for his long career career was repeatedly awarded orders and medals not only the USSR and Russia, but also countries such as Ukraine, Belarus, Afghanistan. On his jacket many awards were received during the service in the Soviet Armed Forces, including for the conducted operations in Afghanistan.

Personal life

Gromov Boris Vsevolodovich, whose family has experienced many serious trials, can truly be called a happy family man and a man. However, it was not without tragedies. He suddenly became a widower when his eldest sons Maxim and Andrei were nine and five years old, respectively. The air traffic controller's error led to a collision in the air of the military transporter AN-26, in which his wife flew, with the passenger airliner TU-134. That day in the sky 94 people were killed flying in two aircraft.

In the same tragedy Yevgeny Krapivin, a close friend and classmate of the general, died. In that plane he flew with two sons. After his death, Faina's wife stayed with two twin daughters in her arms. Gromov and Krapivina together experienced a tragedy, strongly supporting each other. After five years they still decided to get married, and they had a daughter, Elizabeth. Baptized her Yuri Luzhkov, at that time the mayor of Moscow.

Gromov Boris Vsevolodovich again received the deputy mandate in the last Duma elections. Where is now the people's choice, it is not hard to guess, given his extremely active nature. He widely uses his organizational skills and considerable experience in public and political activities .

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