Local wars. Local wars involving the Armed Forces of the USSR

The Second World War did not become the final point in the development of armed confrontation. According to statistics, the USSR troops became a direct participant in about 30 local wars both on the territory of the state and beyond its territorial borders. And the form of participation was both indirect and direct.

What is a local war

The external and internal policy of the state can be carried out by various methods. Someone resorts to a peaceful settlement of contentious issues, someone - to armed confrontation. Speaking of the military conflict, it should be noted that this is a policy that is conducted with the help of modern weapons. Armed conflict includes all confrontations: large-scale clashes, interstate, regional, local wars, etc. Let's consider the latter in more detail.

Local wars take place between a limited circle of participants. In the standard classification, this type of confrontation implies the participation of two states, which pursue certain political or economic goals in this confrontation. At the same time, a military conflict unfolds on the territory of only these entities, affecting and violating their interests. Thus, local wars and armed conflicts are a private and common single concept.

The role of the USSR in the war in Korea

Local conflicts of the Cold War the table of historical dates includes the most diverse. However, this list opens with a war in Korea from 1950 to 1953. This war is a confrontation between South Korea and the DPRK. South Korea's main ally was the United States of America, providing the army with the latest technology. In addition, the United States was to form 4 offensive divisions that supported its Korean ally.

The USSR initially took a passive part in the armed conflict, but after the secret plans of the United States became available, the phase of the war moved to a more active channel. The USSR not only supported the DPRK, but also planned to transfer its own contingent to the ally's territory.

According to official data, the losses of the Soviet military in this conflict have reached from 200 to 500 thousand people. Veterans of local wars, in particular, in Korea received the honorary title of Hero of the USSR. The most famous personalities of the Korean War include Pepelyaev Eugene Georgievich, Kramarenko Sergei Makarovich, who showed unlimited bravery and courage.

The role of the USSR in the Vietnam War

Speaking about the war in Russia, we should not forget about the role of the Soviet state in the Vietnam war. The military conflict of 1959-1975 is dated. Determination of the conflict was the claim of the Republic of Vietnam to the territory of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. With the help of the United States, which supplied equipment and financial resources, Southerners started punitive operations in the territory of the neighboring state.

In 1964, the United States began to actively participate in the armed conflict. A colossal American contingent was sent to Vietnam to use prohibited weapons in the fight against the enemy. When napalm, biological and chemical weapons were used, shelling of residential areas was made, which caused numerous casualties among civilians.

Despite the efforts of patriotic forces, the air battle against the United States was lost. The situation was helped by the strategic and military assistance of the USSR. Thanks to support, air defense was deployed, which allowed the local wars in Vietnam to be translated into a more passive form. As a result of the war, a single state was re-created, known as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The final date for the end of the confrontation is April 30, 1975.

Distinguished in the Vietnam conflict Kolesnik Nikolai Nikolayevich - sergeant of the Soviet army, as well as senior lieutenants Bulgakov Vladimir Leonidovich and Kharin Valentin Nikolaevich. The soldiers were presented to the Order of the Red Banner.

The role of the USSR in the Middle East conflict

Arab-Israeli confrontations are the longest local conflicts of the Cold War. The table of dates indicates that the confrontation is not over until today, periodically manifesting itself in fierce battles between states.

The beginning of the conflict dates back to 1948, after the formation of a new state - Israel. On May 15, an armed clash occurred between Israel, whose ally the United States acted, and the Arab countries supported by the USSR. The main conflict was accompanied by the transition of territories from one state to another. Thus, in particular, Israel was able to seize the important from a religious point of view for the Palestinians the province of Jordan.

The USSR played the most active role in this conflict. Thus, at the request of high-ranking Arab officials, the Soviet Union provided substantial military assistance to allied countries. On the territory of the states, an air defense division was deployed, thanks to which it was possible to restrain the onslaught of Israel and the United States. As a result Popov K.I. And Kutyntsev NM were presented for valor and courage to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

The role of the USSR in the war in Afghanistan

1978 was marked by a coup in Afghanistan. The Democratic Party came to power, which was strongly supported by the Soviet Union. The main course was taken to build socialism in the likeness of the USSR. However, such a radical turn of events caused a negative response among the local population and the Muslim clergy.

The US acted as a counterweight to the new government. It was with the help of America that the National Front for the Liberation of Afghanistan was created. Under their auspices, numerous coups were conducted in the largest cities of the state. This fact led to a new war of Russia on the territory of Afghanistan.

According to testimonies, in the Afghan war the Soviet Union lost more than 14 thousand people. 300 soldiers are considered missing. About 35 thousand people were seriously injured in fierce battles.

Features of local conflicts during the Cold War

Summing up, we can draw some conclusions.

First, all armed confrontations were of a coalition nature. In other words, the belligerents found allies in the face of two major hegemons - the USSR and the United States.

Secondly, during local conflicts, more modern methods of warfare, unique weapons began to be used, which confirmed the policy of the "arms race".

Thirdly, all wars, despite their local nature, brought significant economic, cultural and human losses. The states-participants of conflicts for a long time braked in the political and economic development.