Assault machine gun "Turner". New assault machine gun "Turner"

A machine gun is a small weapon intended for individual or group use, used to defeat the enemy's manpower. The "Tokar" assault machine gun is a weapon, which will be discussed in this article. It should be said that most of the information on this model is classified.

Russian submachine guns in the past

"The weapon that broke through the siege of Leningrad" was so called the offspring of the Sestroretsk instrumental factory created in the conditions of famine, lack of resources (both human and raw materials). In honor of his inventor - Alexander Ivanovich Sudarev - the weapon was named Sudarev submachine gun (PPS-43). For its high combat performance was adopted in 1943 prerequisites for the creation of this type of weapons was the need to find an alternative to the already used PPSh-41 (Shpagin pistol-machine gun). This model, because of its large size, was not very convenient for tank, amphibious and reconnaissance forces, and it also required carrying a large number of ammunition because of the high rate of fire of the model.

Russian PP now

In the 1990s, for the needs of the domestic Ministry of Internal Affairs, the models of PP-91 "Kedr" were produced with the caliber of 9 × 18 PM and PP-9 "Klin", which is an improved "Cedar". Caliber 9 × 18 mm. Subsequently, this caliber was removed from production, it was replaced by 9 × 19 mm.

In appearance, the models did not differ from each other. Initially, the development of the "Cedar" was based on the materials of the Soviet armourer EF Dragunov-the design of Evgeny Dragunov.

Russian submachine guns are constantly being modified not only on the territory of the country itself, but also beyond its borders. For example, in the People's Republic of Poland (PNR) between 1948 and 1955, the production of weapons, designated PPS wz.1943 / 1952, was based on the design of the PPS-43.

The first assault rifles in Russia and not only

The world's first automatic weapon was taken into the hands of a man in 1916 when testing a new model of a rifle by the Russian Imperial Army. The soldiers had indescribable enthusiasm because the gun fired a burst.

Fyodorov's rifle was subjected to severe tests: it was kept in water for a long time, subjected to long-term exposure to dust, and then shot. The child of Fedorov was successfully tested, but it was not yet an automaton. Attempts continued to improve new weapons, innovative cartridges were developed. But suddenly the world war began, and the work had to be postponed.

At that time there was a shortage of weapons in the ranks of the troops and had to be satisfied with the supply of those from other countries. They were Italian, French and American rifles. And also carabiners of "Arisaka" from Japan, with cartridges of caliber of 6.5 mm intended for them. At that time, this caliber was produced at a cartridge factory in Petrograd. And Fedorov decided to adapt his offspring to Japanese bullets.

In 1916, Fedorov shortened the trunk of his offspring, supplied the weapon with a box-shaped mechanism for 25 rounds and a handle for manual shooting. As a result, the world's first automatic assault rifle, firing bursts, was produced.

PPF in war

This weapon was used until 1940. The last mention of it is found during the Russo-Finnish war. Partisan detachments of the enemy, armed with Suomi submachine guns, intentionally lured the Red Army units to the distance of the shot, and after a brief exchange of fire retreated. In view of such realities, the command of the Red Army decided to return to service the recently decommissioned PAP (Degtyarev's submachine gun) and, accordingly, the child of Fedorov.

After the Russo-Finnish war, the PAP was not used, although there are opinions of historians that he found application in separate units during the battle for Moscow during the Second World War.

The war thundered under the shots of PPSh, MR-40, Thompsons and other weapons. Only in 1944, Hugo Schmeisser released his offspring StG-44 (SturmGewehr 44 - in translation from the German "assault rifle"), and already in 1947 there was an automaton number one - the invention of Kalashnikov. Gone to the past, submachine guns, and submachine guns took over.

Tokar and Kord

"Tokar" and "Kord" (modernized) machine guns were presented in 2013 at the factory display to military representatives. Responsible for the development - the design office of the Kovrov plant named after V. Degtyarev. According to the design documentation (cd), "Turner" should be represented by a light machine gun with tape and store power systems in a manner similar to Western models such as 5.56 mm M249 FNMinimi (USA) and 7.62 mm IWINegevNG7 (Israel).

Description of the new machine gun

The details are strictly classified, only a brief description is known. The "Tokar" assault rifle will weigh about 6.5 kg, the length with the folded butt and the elongated trunk will be 900 mm, with the shortened - 700 mm.

It is possible to adjust the length of the stock, as well as the presence of the "Picatinny" slats for attaching optical sights and other additional devices. According to the tactical and technical requirements, the machine gun will have a variable rate of fire at 550-650 and 900-1 000 rounds per minute, as well as a replaceable barrel, designed for 15,000 shots.

New weapons for the National Guard

On April 25, 2016, unexpectedly, the Ministry of Internal Affairs announced a tender for the development of the Tokar-2 model. It was stated that in addition to the aforementioned Degtyarev plant, the Kalashnikov concern will also develop.

It is difficult to say why the assault machine gun "Turner" is being finalized. Reviews as such are absent, in fact even photos of the model are difficult to find, because the project is classified. One can only address the tactical and technical requirements presented to the new Tokar-2 model.

Comparing the design documentation of these samples, it can be concluded that the new assault machine "Turner" will not have a variable rate of fire. Apparently, this point led to the complication of the design of the weapon and, as a consequence, to weight gain or something else, which can only be guessed. The requirements to the trunk also changed: according to the new requirements, it should be designed for 10,000 shots, while the early figure was declared at 15,000. Is this due to the optimization of the model due to the abolition of the requirement for a variable rate of fire, or the Degtyarev plant simply, The only problem with the resources of the trunks for the assault machine gun, it remains only to guess. For reference, the barrel of the RPK-74 machine gun is designed for 25,000 shots. Slow down and turnovers for the development of stores for 90 rounds, instead of them on the Tokar-2 will be 60-cartridge. What will eventually end the competition between the two domestic weapons developers, will be known in December 2017.

"Turner" and "Ratnik"

It should be told a little about where the "Tokar" machine gun will find use. This weapon is developed within the framework of the project "Ratnik" - a model of equipment "soldier of the future". Concern "Kalashnikov" (Izhmash plant) was also developed AK-12 automatic machine for outfitting "Ratnik". The Kalashnikov assault rifle of the 2012 model is the same as the AK-74M, but with a significant ergonomic upgrade. The machine retained the classic appearance, improvements were made to systems for improving accuracy and accuracy.

The competitors of the concern - the Degtyarev plant - presented the AEK-971, which was developed in the 1980s. According to some reviews, he is ahead of AK-12. A distinctive feature of the new weapon is the system of balancing. It is known that when shooting weapons are given up and away from the line of sight, which negatively affects accuracy and accuracy when firing a short burst. The Kovrov plant has solved this problem by installing an innovative balance bar and bolt frame, which, with the oncoming traffic, reduces the stem removal.

As a result, the recoil decreases, the trunk retraction decreases, due to which the accuracy and accuracy increase. And the creation of the concern "Kalashnikov" no such system. However, the operation and serial production of AEK will be much more expensive than the AK.

Opponents?

What will eventually result in a "confrontation" between the two enterprises of the national weapons manufacturing complex, will be known in December 2017. However, even now one can say that the improvements called "Tokar-2" were made with an eye to the previous mistakes and shortcomings.

It is known that the development of any project depends not only on the efforts of the developer himself, but also on the correctness, deliberate and balanced formulation of the technical task. In this case, its role is the tactical and technical requirements for the product. Without a doubt, the compilation of such is most important for the further work on the innovative models of domestic weapons. Therefore, the minor flaws committed at this stage, can grow into more errors on subsequent ones. Whether it was decided to develop this model in a different direction or not, it is still unknown.

Summing up

In conclusion, we should say a few words about Tokar-2. In the tactical and technical requirements for this assault machine gun, the accuracy of firing is stated to be much lower than that of the same RPK-74, by almost 40%. These characteristics are acceptable for conducting fights at short distances in confined spaces. But then the question remains unresolved as to why a replaceable long barrel is needed for the Turner.

The declared weight is not more than 6.5-7 kg. On the one hand, it is 2 kg heavier than the PKK-74, on the other hand - at the level of the American M249 Para - a lightweight short-barreled machine gun. The increase in the rate of fire to 800-900 rounds per minute is not entirely justified, as the domestic standard of 600-650 shots has long proved itself.

A lot of questions arise on the development of a magazine for 60 rounds, because the horn for the RPK-74 with a capacity of 45 has proved itself excellent. Especially the same tape machine gun. In the requirements, a telescopic butt is declared for six positions, although it has already been created for two or three positions. But here we can talk about an individual "fit" for the physique of a soldier.

The conclusion is the following: it is obvious that there is a need to develop this type of weapon (assault rifles are necessary for the Ministry of Internal Affairs), but most likely, December 2017 will not be the decisive moment in this matter. Time will tell. But finally it was not decided when the assault machine gun "Turner" goes into mass production. There is a possibility that the OCD will be announced on "Turner-3".