Allergosis respiratory. Symptoms, treatment

Allergosis respiratory is a collective name for a group of diseases affecting the organs of the respiratory tract, the cause of which is an inadequate response from the immune system to a certain irritant substance, the so-called allergen. Basically, these substances penetrate the body through the air-droplet mechanism, but they can not be excluded from food and medicines.

Causes of allergies of non-infectious nature

Among the factors that affect the emergence of allergies, not the last place is heredity. If one or both parents are prone to allergies, then there is a high probability that the child will also have increased sensitivity to a number of stimuli. An important role in the formation of such a sensitivity, and as a consequence, of an allergic reaction, is played by inadequate nutrition: prolonged artificial feeding of a child, enthusiasm for foods with a high content of artificial preservatives. In addition, the inhalation of contaminated air when living in close proximity to industrial facilities or busy roads, prolonged medication treatment, frequent respiratory diseases have a negative impact and contribute to the emergence of allergies.

Very often there is respiratory allergosis in children. If for the smallest of them the most common allergens are food products: cow milk, oranges, berries, chocolate, then in schoolchildren, increased sensitivity is observed to household irritants, such as dust, animal hair, tobacco smoke, and pollen of plants.

Allergic respiratory infections often occur under the influence of house dust. It is inhabited by microscopic mites, molds, wool, feathers and feathers of animals, particles of the epidermis, book dust, various chemicals: cleaning products and washing powders, cosmetics. Often allergic reactions to various medications: vitamins, antibiotics, antiseptics, aspirin, novocaine.

Infectious causes of allergies

In addition to non-infectious sources of allergy, there are also infectious ones, which are different microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi. Foci of chronic infections in the body may well serve as sources of its hypersensitivity and subsequent development of allergies. In general, often there is a susceptibility to several substances, and not to one, and this series has a tendency to expand throughout life.

Types of respiratory allergies

Allergic rhinitis is perhaps the most common respiratory allergosis, the symptoms of which include nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, secretion of watery secretion and tear on the puffiness of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity. Often allergic rhinitis is seasonal in nature, but it can be year-round, leaking both alone and in combination with sinusitis and otitis.

Allergic pharyngitis is characterized by swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa. There may be painful sensations when swallowing, a feeling of foreign object in the throat, dry cough, hoarseness of voice. Along with pharyngitis, allergic tonsillitis and laryngitis are often observed.

Allergic respiratory diseases include such a pathology as allergic tracheitis. He implies attacks of an obsessive, painful, dry cough, as in whooping cough, mostly at night. There may be fever and even vomiting.

Allergic bronchitis - a long illness, characterized by frequent relapses. The general condition of a person can be painful at the same time, the temperature - high. The nature of coughing with the course of the disease changes from dry to wet, rattles in the bronchi on the breath are clearly audible, but there are no attacks of suffocation . In the case of allergic obstructive bronchitis, breathing is difficult, because the bronchial narrowing occurs.

Continues the list of such diseases as allergic respiratory, allergic pneumonia. This is the most severe form of the defeat of the respiratory system, which is based on an allergic reaction due to hypersensitivity of the organism to this or that irritant. With this disease, cough, dyspnea, chills, general weakness are observed. The form of allergic pneumonia can be both acute and chronic. In case of inadequate or untimely treatment of this disease, the prognosis may be very unfavorable.

Diagnosis of respiratory allergies

Correct recognition of the allergic cause of respiratory diseases is possible only with a complete analysis of all data. As a rule, the course of such illnesses has a protracted character, with constant relapses. The allergic nature of such pathologies is indicated by certain changes in blood composition, the results of special tests and tests.

Therapy of respiratory allergies

Treatment of respiratory allergies reduces primarily to limiting contact with the allergen, but for this it is necessary to correctly determine it. If you yourself find it difficult to understand what caused the pathological process, you can not do without consulting an allergist doctor who will conduct the necessary tests.

Drug treatment is performed with the use of antihistamines in combination with enterosorbents and prebiotics. If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out, which is reduced to taking funds that lower the temperature and pain medications. Good results are provided by physiotherapy: baths and inhalations, as well as treatment by staying in a microclimate of salt caves.

The same approach is used if it is necessary to prevent respiratory allergies in children. Treatment consists, first of all, in prevention of contact of the child and a stimulus, whether it be some product, dust, tobacco smoke, a chemical or a medicine, adherence to a hypoallergenic diet, vitamin therapy.

Prevention of allergies

The best prevention of the emergence of allergies is the strengthening of all measures of immunity, exercise and breathing exercises. In case of danger of hereditary hypersensitivity to various irritants, the expectant mother should adhere to the diet during pregnancy, and after the birth of the baby, do not transfer it to artificial feeding as long as possible.