Why is the state the main institution of the political system?

Quite often, some say that the main institution of the political system is the state. And it is told in a categorical tone, and many do not think why it is so. So let's consider why the state is regarded as the main institution of the political system.

general information

The state is a historical phenomenon. Primitive society did not have them. At the same time, there was no political system. This state of affairs was formed due to the fact that there was no need. All emerging contradictions were resolved, as a rule, by authority, public opinion and brute force. But, as society developed, it was necessary to create a certain mechanism that could adequately and unequivocally resolve disputes and conduct common affairs. The implementation of this functionality without the availability of appropriate controls was impossible. At this stage it was established that the main institution of the political system is the state. Of course, now it looks clear, but then this understanding has only been formed. How did this process happen?

Develop an understanding of the situation

Now they say confidently that the state is the main institution of the political system of society . But how did humanity come to this conclusion? Initially, there were processes of differentiation of the social structure. They significantly accelerated when the social division of labor appeared. There were new, previously non-existent social groups (later called layers and classes). Each of them had its own specific needs and interests. Private ownership emerged. There was a need for an effective mechanism of relations between different social groups to be created, as well as principles for the protection and preservation of private and collective property from their owners. These circumstances (and a number of others) also led to the emergence of such a regulatory and protective structure of society.

That is why the state is the main institution of the political system that unites the society. There are a number of aspects and nuances, with a reservation to which such statements must be made. What are they?

Understand the nuances

Why, then, did the status of the main institution in the political system take hold of the state, and not the church, political party or public organizations? After all, religions existed even in the time of the primitive system. This can be explained by a number of reasons.

The very first is that the society delegates to a certain state the basic power authority and function. So, he has the main levers (political, economic, military) influence on society. The state is the owner of all power in a certain territory. He also has the exclusive right to publish laws and other normative acts, which are binding for the entire population. In addition, only the state has the right to use force. Do you see how many opportunities he has? Therefore, it is considered that the state is the main institution of the political system. That is, this is not a subjective opinion of an individual, but a conclusion of many people, which is based on real facts. After all, for example, churchmen can tell some people to do something, but acting with such success within the whole state is beyond their capabilities. No, of course, you can recall the city-state of the Vatican, but it exists solely because it was authorized by Italy.

Functions

What does the state do? What role does it play in modern society? For this purpose there is a division into types of state functions:

1. Internal. This includes economic, social, cultural, educational and legal functions. It should be noted that in a variety of literature, in addition to the listed ones, a number of others can be found. As an example, we can cite the protection of the constitutional order, the ecological function, and so on.
2. External. This includes the protection of society from external enemies and the construction of civilized relations with other states.

Functions are performed through the organ system. It is also called the state apparatus. For greater specialization and efficiency of the work, the power-sharing system operates. The most popular is the separation of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Although some people talk about another component - the media. Legally, this is not true. About their power functions can only speak in a figurative sense. They do not directly belong to the power structure. They can not make decisions, laws and regulations that will be binding on all citizens. But the media can have a strong psychological and moral impact on society and the minds of people.

The Evolution Process

We know that the state is the main institution of the political system. But it did not appear in the modern form at once, but developed gradually. But interest for us is not only and not so much the past, as the future. You can meet the fabrications that over time the state will "wither away" as useless. Despite the fact that such predictions are carried out from the century to a century, until this time, humanity has not yet reached. Attempts to organize something similar (Marxism and the USSR) did not succeed. On the contrary, now we can only talk about the fact that there is an increasing differentiation (stratification) of society, the number of tasks to which the state is involved, and so on. There are also various problems that need to be addressed. Therefore, even now the main institution of the political system is the state.

Conclusion

It should be noted that there is no unanimous opinion on the role of the state in the development of society. It is also difficult to achieve a single point of view about when exactly it first became the main political institution. As an argument, various researchers give a wide variety of information, ranging from simple and small states of antiquity, ending with the already established position in the Middle Ages - division into countries.