Who invented the Unified State Exam in Russia?

The Unified State Exam, or the Unified State Examination, is a special form of the final examination, which is conducted in schools. As a result of testing, graduates enter various educational institutions. The experiment with the introduction of this exam was launched in 2001. Schoolchildren and teachers have another headache, and with it the question: "Who invented the Unified State Exam in Russia?" The name of this official you will find in our article.

Why did you enter the Unified State Exam

The purpose of this form of examination is to reduce the level of corruption in admission to higher education institutions, as well as increase the opportunity for higher education for graduates. Among the teachers, students, as well as their parents, there are heated discussions on the complexity of testing, the unreliability of the results, and so on. Graduates are puzzling over who invented the Unified State Exam in Russia, and at the same time cursing the reformer.

Unified State Examination in the World

If you think that the EGE first appeared in Russia, then you are seriously mistaken. World education is familiar with this form of conducting the exam for more than 50 years. But before we deal with the question of who came up with the USE and OGE in our country, let's study the world practice.

The first such exam was conducted in France in the 1960s. At that time, the African colonies of the independent French state gained independence, so in the country of gourmets there were many visitors from Africa. It is easy to guess that the level of their education was very low. But the children of traveling parents had to learn. French officials have done everything to simplify the exam system for migrants. They introduced test questions.

Thus, the final examination was combined with the entrance examinations to higher educational institutions.

Unlike Russians, the French began to hold serious protests. They informed the authorities that this form of examination leads to a "stupefied" nation. The struggle was short-lived.

Three years later, the French authorities evaluated the results of the reform and were forced to abandon the innovation. Despite French experience, similar testing systems have taken root in the United States of America. It is believed that it is practical, so the practice of "2 exams in 1" is applied in many countries of the world. Now you know who invented the unified state exam for the first time.

Russian Experience

Before the EGE was introduced in schools, experiments were conducted in some gymnasiums and lyceums, where graduates voluntarily underwent testing. On the question of who invented the USE and GIA in Russia, many mistakenly answer: Fursenko Andrei Alexandrovich. But this is far from the case.

The creator of the Unified State Examination in Russia is an official who served as Minister of Education from 1998 to 2004. His name will not tell you much. This minister has given a course to a large-scale reform of the Russian education. What was in it? First, he added the Russian Federation to the Bologna process, according to which higher education is divided into magistracy and bachelor's degree. Secondly, he created and introduced new educational standards. He believed that the introduction of the Unified State Examination would end corruption in educational institutions, and also create an effective and qualitative test of the level of knowledge of graduates - after all, the five-point assessment system had long since outlived itself.

To the question: "Who invented the Unified State Exam in Russia?" - there is an unequivocal answer: Filippov Vladimir Mikhailovich. He believed that the test form of the exam would cope with these problems. In one of his interviews, Filippov argued that elite tertiary institutions in Moscow and St. Petersburg can be admitted through tutoring, paid courses or a special reception practiced in the two capitals of our state.

In 1999, the Federal Testing Center was opened under the Ministry of Education and Science. The task of this center is to develop a testing system in the state, and also to monitor the quality of knowledge among pupils and students in educational institutions.

Now you know who invented the Unified State Exam, but it did not make it any easier to live from. Let's find out the opinion of the President of the Russian Federation on this form of the exam.

What the President Says

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin knew who invented the USE and GIA. And repeatedly noted that the exam has both minuses and pluses. He said that thanks to the special form of the final examination, the number of entrants increased several times, and they enter the leading universities of our country through testing.

In other words, the president recognizes the state's failure, but nevertheless considers this measure effective in combating corruption and in increasing access to education for graduates from the regions.

Who can pass the USE

Agree that it's not very important to know who invented the Unified State Exam. It is important to know who has the right to take a special exam. All students of the eleventh grades admitted by teachers have the right to participate in the passing of the state examination.

Students who are in college, technical colleges, as well as graduates of secondary schools who have ever passed the exam, but who consider the results unsatisfactory, have the right to be tested.

Students of the eleventh grades with limited health possibilities can avoid the Unified State Exam. To do this, they need to present a certificate of disability.

Graduates of schools of the penitentiary system, as well as children with deviant behavior, have the right to pass the final exam in the traditional form.

When the exam takes place

EGE is held in Russia on a general schedule. It is the Ministry of Education and Science. Practice has shown that the wave of delivery of the USE begins in the second half of May and ends in June. You can take the exam ahead of time. To do this, you must apply to the school or college administration, then you will have the opportunity to be tested in April.

Control and measuring materials

This long phrase denotes a test, otherwise they are called KIMs. Their development belongs to the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Research. Each year FIPI puts into the network demonstration versions of control materials for each type of objects. As a rule, KIMs have three parts.

Evaluation of results

The one who came up with the Unified State Examination, namely Vladimir Filippov, introduced a 100-point assessment system for knowledge in the exam. The evaluation process is carried out in two stages. The first of them determines the number of primary points. The amount is determined by adding the points received for each question. Such data can be found on the FIPI website. Download the demo version of the desired subject. Open the folder, and then study a document called "Specification."

In the second stage, the initial grades of the CMMs are transferred to the test ones. Totally there are 100 of them. It is the test points that the graduate sees in his certificate of passing the USE.

Problems

As a rule, the examiners do not experience any problems during the exam. Of course, nobody has completely managed to get rid of the excitement. But it should be noted that the situation in the exam is calm and non-vague. It's not at all important to know who invented the USE. It is important to have in the head knowledge of the subject, and then no one exam will not be terrible!

Most often, problems arise with the organizers of the exam. Every year, there is a leak of responses to the Internet. There were cases when they laid out in social networks. For several years, the administration of the popular site "VKontakte" has been cooperating with Rosobrnadzor. Now in the "VC" is being watched. Suspicious documents are blocked at the time of mailing.

Now you know the name of the official who introduced the USE. However, this is by no means the most important information that is required for a school graduate. Learn and get ready in time to successfully pass the upcoming exams!