Where does the Dnieper River start? Beginning of the Dnieper River

Where does the Dnieper River originate? When it was formed and what is the history of its development? This and other curious moments concerning the amazing and great river will be told in the article.

The name of the river, interesting facts about the Dnieper River

There are many versions regarding the name of this river.

In the time of the Scythians, it was called Borisfen, which in translation means "flowing from the north." The people who lived at that time on its shores were called borisfenites.

In ancient Rome, the river was called Danapris, and later turned into the Dnieper. It is curious that in ancient Russian chronicles this word was written as Dnepr.

Slavutych and Slavutich, the Dnieper was named in Ancient Rus. In those days it was part of a large trade route connecting important centers: the Black Sea and the Baltic States.

Where does the Dnieper River start and where does it end? Very large distance from the source to the mouth. On the whole length of the river along its both banks there is a large number of settlements. Many cities have a name that includes the name of the river: Dnepropetrovsk, Dniproudornoe, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Verkhnedneprovsk.

A little from the history of river bed formation, geography

Like the great rivers Don and Volga, the nature of the Dnieper was formed in the ice age. Long ice sleeves stretched deep and far into the valley, reaching the latitudes of Dnepropetrovsk. This is what determined the modern relief of the banks and riverbed of the Dnieper.

Where does the Dnieper River start? From the streamlet, located on the slope of the Valdai Upland. Further, the river is gradually gaining strength and turns into a powerful and navigable closer to the districts of the city of Smolensk. It is almost 300 km from the place where the Dnieper River begins.

The river passes through numerous forests, it crosses the Orsha Upland. The Dnipro way passes through the territory of Belarus in the direction from north to south, gradually increasing in width to the south.

Between the cities of Mogilev and Kiev the river expands so much that its floodplain reaches a huge width - 14 kilometers. And on this interval the following rivers flow into the Dnieper: from the west - Berezina and Pripyat, from the east - Desna and Sozh.

Together with the powerful streams of these rivers, the Dnieper accelerates its course in the territories of Ukraine, gradually giving away its vast waters to the steppe and forest areas. On these territories the relief of the river changes more often, and its width sometimes reaches even 18 km.

The highest, steep and steep bank of the river is the right one.

In the middle of the Dnieper is a number of reservoirs, and only in the lower part of the current is its natural natural channel.

Ecological problems

In the middle and lower reaches of the Dnieper, several reservoirs are cascaded: Kremenchug, Kiev, Kakhov, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Dnieper, Kanev.

In connection with this intensive use of the waters of the Dnieper, serious environmental problems arise. There is a catastrophic industrial and domestic pollution of the river.

In addition, the territory of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, which suffered the largest accident, is only 30 kilometers from the Kiev reservoir. And all the other storages are a chain of standing water tanks, which are located on the site of the ruined unique natural landscapes.

Besides all this, many hydraulic structures deteriorate over time, due to the lack of the necessary constant modernization and necessary financing. And this, in turn, leads to global man-made disasters.

The beginning of the Dnieper River, the flowing rivers

The Valdai Upland, on the slope of which is the very source of the Dnieper, has a height above sea level of 220 meters.

These amazing places are rich in marshes. From one of them follows a small thin stream - the beginning of the Dnieper River. This amazingly important source is located near. Bocharovo, Smolensk region near the famous natural monument - Lake Gavrilovskoe, whose beginning goes from the ice age.

In the area of the central flow in the Dnieper River fall Ros, Vorskla, Sula, Samara.

Brief description of the modern river, coast, city

The Dnieper is the river that occupies the second place after the Volga in terms of its area of the basin and its extent. The whole length of the Dnieper is 2201 km, the area is 504 thousand km ² . The river crosses the territories of three states - Russia (length 485 km), Ukraine (notably 115 km) and Belarus (about 595 km).

The Dnieper River is conditionally divided into 3 parts. Where the Dnieper River begins, and all its way to Kiev itself - the current is upper. The length of this section is 1 km 320 m. The section between Kiev and Zaporozhye is the middle course. Its length is 555 km. And the last section, from Zaporozhye to the mouth, which is 326 km, is the bottom current.

The forest zone prevails in the upper reaches. Steppes and forest-steppe - around the middle course. The zone of the steppes is lower.

In the upper reaches (where the Dnieper begins) to the town of Dorogobuzh, the river flows mainly along a very marshy lowland. This territory is represented by ancient birch, pine and spruce forests.

Then the hills extend to the Belarusian city of Shklov. The floodplain here is rather narrow. Outside the city of Orsha (Belarus) are the Kobelyaksky rapids, where the width of the river is gradually widening.

From the city of Mogilev to Kiev, the flood plain has a width of up to 14 kilometers. Here there are meadows, thick bushes, deciduous and coniferous forests.

Feeding the river

The uppermost feeding is the river, located where the Dnieper River begins. The river has mixed food: water is thawed - about 50%, rainwater and underground water - 25% each. The annual flow is about 53 cu. Km. During the summer periods, a low-water (low water level) is observed on the river. For the autumn and winter, floods are more typical. In December, the water freezes to ice.

The water in the river is opened in April on the upper course, and in early March on the middle and lower.

Useful from history

The Dnieper River has an interesting history. Useful information is presented below.

• During the construction of the Dneproges (1920s), the commission was headed and led by the beginning of the construction of Lev Trotsky.

• During the Second World War in August 1941, Soviet troops retreated and were forced to blow up the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, which provoked the emergence of a huge wave that killed a large number of people (tens of thousands). In addition, many livestock were killed, river vessels, food and industrial equipment were destroyed.

• In 1943, the decisive battle for the liberation of the territories of the Dnieper took place.

• March 2010 is significant for the biggest environmental disaster. Rapid descent of water from the reservoir (Kievsky) led to the huge amount of fish being crushed by the desiccated ice. As a result, more than 50% of fish living in the river died.

The territory of the Dnieper is rich in minerals and minerals. The metallurgical, petrochemical and power industries are developed here. Thanks to the irrigation of the waters of the great Dnieper, agricultural produce is grown on fertile lands: sugar beet, cereals, potatoes, hemp, flax, hops, tobacco.

Dnepr is a unique water resource.

The source of the Dnieper is a peculiar historical sight of this magnificent region.