When to plant ciderates for the garden? The best gardeners for the garden

The fact that the soil can not be left open for a long time was known by our ancestors. The popular proverb "Bury the oats and rye - you will take a big crop" is not in vain. Experienced farmers are well aware that the soil left "bare" even for only a few weeks soil begins to change its structure not for the better and is impoverished. Open areas almost instantly "populate" weeds, pulling out of the ground the latest juices. In order to avoid such a problem, "bare" plots and allotments are temporarily planted with special plants called siderates. There are several of them.

The use of auxiliary crops

Ciderats for the garden can be planted both in the open areas of the land and as an adjacent crop. Their distinctive feature is a very well developed root system. This determines their beneficial effect on the land. Deeply penetrating into the soil, the roots of the siderates not only loosen it, but also pull up the micronutrients that are in the lower layers. In addition, plants of this variety enrich the heavy earth with air, and protect sand from disintegration. The green mass of the siderates at a certain moment is cut off and embedded in the soil. In the future, it will serve as a very good top dressing for garden plants. So the benefits of using these auxiliary crops can be very great.

The best gardeners for the garden

Most often, the following plants are used to improve the soil in orchards and plantings of crops:

• lupine;

• Phacelia;

• Rape;

• rape;

• buckwheat;

• Olive radish;

• rye.

When to plant

Usually sowers are planted for the garden in autumn - after harvesting. Previously, the site is cleaned of weeds, loosened and carefully leveled. If desired, you can plant auxiliary crops in the spring. However, when sowing in May, early ripening varieties of crops should be selected. Seedlings in this case are placed directly in the planting of the siderates.

Lupine

This plant, perhaps, is the best siderate for the garden. It refers to the family of legumes. Its main distinctive feature is not only a very dense, but also a long root system. The fact that lupine is much better than many other syderates enriches the soil with such important trace elements as nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, has been noticed for a very long time. In addition, the roots of this siderate extract themselves nutrients from a very large depth, without affecting the upper layers.

Most often lupins are planted in the soil in early spring. Preliminary in the area assigned to this plant, do shallow trenches and carefully spill them with water. Then they plant the planting material. The distance between the rows of lupine should be about 15 cm, between individual plants - 7 cm.

Eight weeks after planting, the grass is mowed and closed to the ground for 6-8 cm. It is not difficult to determine the time of this operation. On the lupine should appear buds.

Siederet phacelia

What other good siderates are there for the garden? In second place after lupine by popularity there is such a kind of this culture, as a phacelia. Its main advantage is that it grows very fast and at the same time accumulates a huge amount of green mass. Also this siderate is appreciated for its unpretentiousness. To improve poor stony and sandy soils, the phacelia fits just perfectly.

You can plant this culture at any time of the year. The seeds of phacelia are very small, and therefore they are premixed with sand. The optimal depth of embedding the planting material is 2-3 cm, and the flow rate is 150-200 g per hundred parts. They mow the fazel approximately two months after sowing during intensive flowering.

How to plant rape and rape

These gardeners for the garden belong to the cabbage family. As an improver for soils, it is best that the raisin and rape manifest themselves when planted for the winter. Usually these auxiliary crops are used on potato allotments and in cereal fields. Among the main advantages of the cormorant are early maturity and the ability to develop well on weakly acidic and waterlogged soils. Rapeseed very quickly accumulates a lush and thick green mass.

These syderates are sown in August or September. Preliminary in the ground make a groove depth of 1.5-2 cm. The distance between the rows should be about 15 cm. The rate of sowing of rape and rape is 150-200 gr. For a hundred.

Buckwheat ciderat

This auxiliary plant is most often grown under fruit trees and shrubs. Its main advantages include the fact that it does not completely drain the soil, and its green mass enriches the soil with such valuable trace elements as phosphorus and potassium. In addition, buckwheat is one of the growth record holders. Prior to mowing, this siderate has time to build up a green mass of half a meter in height and roots to 1.5 m. Moreover, this plant feels great on very poor and acidic soils and well suppresses weeds, including wheatgrass. In the kitchen gardens it also prevents the appearance of a wireworm.

The rate of consumption of buckwheat seeds during planting is 600 g per hundred parts. Sow it is recommended not earlier than May, as the plant is thermophilic. Planting of buckwheat is carried out in rows with a width of 15 cm. Seeds are embedded in the soil for 2-3 cm. Buckwheat is cut before flowering. The green mass is partially buried in the soil to a depth of 15 cm, partially left on the surface.

Use as a rye siderate

This plant enriches the earth with microelements useful for garden, garden and agricultural crops, such as nitrogen and potassium. Rye can also be used to restore the soil after a potato infected with a nematode.

If the owners of the site are looking for good winter ciderats for the garden, this plant can be almost an ideal option. Rye is sown from mid-August to early September. The rate of seed consumption is about 600 g per hundred.

Siderat olive radish

This siderat is able to build up both a thick root and green mass. The main advantage of an oil radish is that it enriches the soil well with nitrogen fertilizers. In addition, it is able to suppress the development of various kinds of pathogens in the earth. Sow this siderate usually in early August. The consumption of its seeds should be about 30-40 g per 10 m2. Optimum depth of their closing - 2-3 cm.

Very often, the oil radish is planted on the site as a siderata in combination with spring Wicca or other legumes. In this case, the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil is even more intense.

Basic Rules for Planting Ciderates

All the ciderates described above are usually planted in rows. But if you want, you can use another, more convenient way. In this case, the seeds are simply mixed with sand in a ratio of 1x1 and scattered over the field. However, even with this method, landing may not work. To siderat in the future grew even a dense carpet, a field with sprinkled seeds should be raked. Those who decided to use the siderates for the garden, among other things, will also have to prepare some non - woven covering material. This can be, for example, lapnik. In the area closed to them, the seeds will be completely protected from birds, who always want to eat them.

Selection rules

As a siderate, any culture suitable for this purpose can be used. However, when choosing one should observe one simple rule. Planting on the site siderates as precursors for garden crops of one family with them is strictly prohibited. So, for example, canola or buckwheat can not be sown where cabbage or beet will grow in the future. Cereal syderates for the garden are usually used on heavy clay soils to loosen them.

It is not necessary to use the same siderat on the site year after year. It is possible to restore soil fertility effectively only by alternating these crops. Well, of course, you can not leave auxiliary plants in the plots before bloom. Young ciderates are better for cutting, and their green mass is rich in various sorts of microelements.

Thus, we have found out what the siderates are for the garden. When you plant these plants, and which of their varieties to choose the best, you also now know. Cultures of this variety help to significantly improve the structure of the soil, protect it from weeds and make it much more suitable for growing vegetable gardens. But, of course, only in case of exact compliance with the technology of planting.