When to plant a winter onion

More than a thousand years ago, onions were grown in Iran, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. The culture was planted on mountain slopes, which determined the depth of the root system. Due to the ability to survive on a small layer of land, the onion developed the ability to remain at rest with a lack of moisture. From damage and drying out it protects dry scales.

At present, onions are widely distributed as a culture. He is considered capricious for cultivation. If the weather is dry, the bow starts to throw out the arrows, and if it's wet, rot. However, truck farmers came up with how to grow it. Onions need to be planted in the winter.

Bow-sowok: how to choose

The size of the bulb determines the category: the first - the diameter of the bulb is 1-1.5 cm; The second - 1,5-3 cm; The third - more than 3 cm; Oatmeal - less than 1 cm in diameter. For sowing in winter, it is better to use first class sowing or oatmeal. Why? Bulbs of small size, as a rule, until the spring is not preserved, dry up. Therefore, it will be better if the winter bow is planted in the ground. Here he will perfectly winter and in July will give a good harvest.

The second and third category, that is, the large, better not to land in the winter, it gives the arrows. For the cultivation of winter onions, special varieties and cross-produced hybrids are used, which are able to form bulbs and not give arrows.

Popular varieties of winter onions

Each owner himself chooses what kind of onions he needs. The choice depends on the outcome that you expect from this culture. Therefore, it is necessary to know the winter varieties of onion-seedling.

• Stuttgarter Riesen - this cult is due to its early maturity. Bulbs of culture are flat-rounded, dense, large, have a sharp taste, are well preserved and yield a high yield.
• Centurion - a grade of high class. It does not shoot well, it is well preserved, does not fall ill, has high yield. The bulbs of the same size cover the outer layer of the scales dry. In the basal area there is a bottom.
• Shakespeare is an early variety, it does not shoot very well, it is well preserved, it has large bulbs of dark yellow color. The flesh is white, juicy. Scales very dense.
• Radar - this variety can only be consumed fresh. It is unsuitable for storage because of color.

• The Baron is also great for winter planting. Ripens early and contains vitamin C more than other varieties. It is distinguished by the large size of the bulbs and the island taste. Especially good in fresh form.

How to properly prepare the soil for sowing

To plant a winter bow, choose a well-lit place with a drain of rainwater so that the water does not stagnate and with the melting of snow in the spring. They make a garden bed one meter wide and 20 cm high. They cleanse it from the vegetation that grew on it. It is better to plant the onion in the place where cucumbers, tomatoes or potatoes grew.

Well disinfect the soil. For this, copper sulphate is suitable, while a bucket of water is put no more than 1 tbsp. Spoons. This solution is watered. In order for the onion to give large, strong bulbs, humic material must be added to the soil, peat, superphosphate and a garden bed, together with fertilizers.

When to sow onions

Planting of winter onions makes it possible to harvest from July to mid-August. The sowing period is October. Bulbs should be allowed to take root before strong frosts.

With early planting, the seedling shoots before the onset of the cold, such plants will not survive the winter, they will die. When to plant winter onions? It is necessary to look at the weather, it will tell you the exact date of sowing. Tentatively this will be the middle of the month.

Planting onion in winter

All summer residents look forward to the time when you can plant a winter onion. First you need to prepare the planting material. It is sorted out. You can do this in the simplest way. In dense cardboard holes are cut in diameter of 1 cm and seeds are sifted through such a sieve. Those that have passed through the holes are fit.

After preparing the soil for sowing, you need to align and compact the bed. Then along its entire length shallow grooves are made, five centimeters in depth and at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Well-dried seeds are neatly sown in a furrow at a distance of 3-4 cm. Seeding is closed to a depth of 2-3 cm, then gently covered with soil mixed with peat and humus. If the sowing is planted at a great depth, the bulbs may not germinate and die. They just do not have the strength to do it. Planting a winter onion takes a lot of time and patience.

How to protect the seed from frost

To ensure that the sowing season has successfully undergone winter frosts and has given strong shoots in the spring, it is necessary to cover the soil with mulch from peat or humus. So the moisture will be preserved, the seeds will take root well. With the onset of severe frost, cover the foliage and straw. And when the snow falls, hold it. If you properly plant and timely harbor sevok, then in the second month of summer you can already eat winter onions.

In the spring, when the snow comes down and the soil dries, you need to remove the mulch from the bed. After the seedlings have germinated and the first leaves appear, make a top dressing with a liquid solution from the manure and the droppings of the birds.

Onions in winter: what care is needed

With the onset of spring, the seedlings give seedlings and begin to grow rapidly. But not only they. Weeds are more unpretentious, there are always a lot of them, and we need to fight with them. At this time you need to loosen and weed the row spacing.

Moist soil is usually reserved from autumn. It is enough to grow onions before harvest. But it happens that more than a month there is a strong heat and the soil dries up. Then you need to water it several times during the summer season. Winter onion needs the same care as usual. If arrows appear, leave a few pieces to collect the seeds, and remove the remaining ones.

Pests of onions: how to deal with them

Winter onion is damaged by an onion fly. This is a dangerous pest, if you get to your landings, it will destroy the entire crop. A sign of his appearance are the larvae of white color. They swarm in bulbs, eating them. Adult insects are very similar to an ordinary fly.

It appears in the middle of May and before the onset of the cold three times gives offspring. Reduce the fertility can only dry weather. To ensure that the onions are not damaged, you can cover them with a net for protection. Repels the pest off the smell of marigold and marigold. Therefore, plant a spring in the bed, where the winter onion grows, with these flowers. You can sprinkle plants with infusion of wormwood or tansy.

Diseases of onions: fighting with them

Winter onions, the cultivation of which requires knowledge of agricultural techniques, is affected by fungi.

• Rust is one of them. Small yellow spots on the leaves appear from the middle of summer. The best environment for the development and spread of this disease is warm and humid weather.
• Gray rot often appears during harvesting. Before storage, the onion should be dried well. Raw will rot.
• Seeds and bulbs are infected with powdery mildew, which persists in them throughout the winter and is often false. If the weather is warm and wet, the infection can hit the entire onion plantation. Determine this disease can be on the extended gray spots, which increase in size until the complete death of the plant.

To avoid the disease with fungi, it is necessary to alternate the planting of garden crops in the area and store the onions well ventilate the room.

Landing for the winter: what are the advantages

• You do not need to keep onions in winter.
• Large bulbs grow from small planting material.
• Winter onions, the cultivation of which does not require care, does not shoot arrows.
• Onions mature early and are stored for a long time.
• Bulbs grow healthy, as sick and weak crops freeze in winter. On the photo the winter bow is clearly visible.

• This culture is less exposed to infection with onion fly.
• It takes less time to land.
• The family budget wins - in the fall the sowing is cheaper.

What could be the reason for failures in growing winter onions

• Water retention in the beds in the spring. This leads to the soaking of the bulbs.
• Deep seeding of seeds in the soil.
• Early landing of the nestling. This leads to bulb germination before the onset of frost.
• Poor mulching of the soil, which leads to multiple thawing and freezing of the bulbs.