What are the types of putties? Putties for interior work. Finishing, decorative putties

Putty is today a universal building material with which you can effectively remove defects, smooth out surface irregularities and even improve the appearance of furniture. However, in the latter case, it is a decorative composition. Having visited the market of the corresponding goods, you can find in a huge assortment the mixes used for shpatlevanija, each of them has the mission.

In general, putty is used for leveling walls and ceilings. After the base layer has dried, it will be possible to paint or glue it with any wallpaper. Quite often the putty walls are decorated with ceramic tiles. Depending on the composition, putty can be classified into several types, this will be discussed below.

It is worth to distinguish the mixture is also for the purpose, they are:

• Universal;
• Starting;
• Finish.

Starting putty put a thick layer or several layers, which allows you to rid the walls of the impressive defects. As soon as the layer of starting putty dries, you can start applying the finish coat. Universal types of putties are intended for surface finishing with the starting or finishing layer. Subdivide putty is also possible by consistency, they are ready or dry. The latter variety is most common, because such compounds have an acceptable cost and are easy to use. You can buy a dry putty in a package, the volume of which varies from 3 to 25 kg.

Description of dry putties

Considering the types of putties, special attention should be paid to dry compounds, because they have many advantages, among which:

• The possibility of changing the density of the mixture;
• Prostate solution preparation;
• Convenience of storage and transportation;
• Long term storage of dry putty.

You can change the density of the solution by adding a certain amount of water. Preparation is simple - to water for mixing it will be enough to add a dry mix and mix. To store a dry mixture it is important to provide a low level of humidity, but as for the temperature, it can be any.

However, dry types of putties also have some drawbacks, they are as follows:

• The need to follow instructions;
• Dilution of the mixture should be carried out in small portions;
• The need to allocate additional time for the preparation of the solution.

It is important to remember that it will be necessary to work out the composition fairly quickly, because after a while it will begin to harden. If you are not ready to comply with strict recommendations, you should buy ready-made filler, which is sold in buckets. It can be used immediately after purchase. Such mixtures are excellent for beginners, because among the ingredients are substances that exclude the rapid hardening of the solution. However, you will have to pay a little more for it.

Varieties of putties depending on the composition: latex putty

When considering types of fillers, you should pay attention to their composition. The latex solution is usually supplied in the form of a ready mix, since it is the latex that allows the substances to remain in the liquid form, making them more plastic. Such putties are easy to use and can be stored for a fairly long time.

Cement putty

If you are thinking about the question of what types of putty are, then you should get acquainted with the cement composition, among the ingredients of which is cement, acting as an astringent. Among other things, the solvent and filler are used in the manufacturing process. Filler can be fine fractional river sand, pebbles, as well as other inclusions. If in the sand of such keys more than 5%, then it is not suitable for the preparation of putty.

Dilution of this composition should be carried out exclusively with pure water, the temperature of which does not exceed 20 ° C. When mixing, use the proportion:

• 4 parts of sand;
• 1 part of cement;
• water.

Cement putty is resistant to moisture, so it can be used in the kitchen or in the bathroom.

Among the shortcomings should be noted the fact that after drying the mixture shrinks, and the solution is not characterized by elasticity, so it will be difficult to work with it on concrete walls. On the concrete surface, the cement putty should not be applied, as the layer may become covered with cracks over time.

Plaster putty

Quite often, home masters are wondering about what kinds of putty exist. Among others, it is necessary to distinguish a gypsum variety, which adapts to the microclimate in the premises and allows air to circulate. If you want to get a perfectly flat surface, then it's worth using a plaster mixture, after drying, you can apply paint, paste wallpaper or make art painting.

The composition dries fairly quickly and does not emit an odor. Gypsum putty is hypoallergenic, it is inexpensive and fire resistant. But you can not use this mixture anywhere, the coating will not last long, if the operating conditions will differ by frequent changes in humidity and temperature. The gypsum can easily be scratched or chipped, so it is not recommended to process play rooms or children's rooms with such putty.

Polymer putty

Considering the types of putty for walls, you should pay attention to the polymeric variety.

Among the ingredients of this mixture are substances that provide high elasticity, so the cost of the material is quite high. Using a polymer filler, you will ensure the durability of the coating and will be able to get the perfect result. Choosing the composition, pay attention to the manufacturer's certificates, because when choosing this variety of putty, there is a risk of buying a fake.

Acrylic putty

This solution can be used for exterior and interior finishes, it is characterized by high weather resistance and perfectly in contact with any surfaces. If you need a finishing compound, you should buy an acrylic filler, which allows you to achieve an ideal smoothness and evenness. Its application is carried out by a thin layer, the thickness of which does not exceed 1 mm. The basis can be solid wood. This solution is also distinguished by the fact that it does not crumble with time, has no toxic impurities and odor.

Classification of the finish putty

Considering the types of finish putty, you can understand that this material is classified according to the principle that was described above. Depending on the purpose, the finishing putty can be divided into mixtures for external or internal works. Facade putties, which are applied at the final stage, basically have a cement base, with its help it is possible to achieve resistance to external influences, strength and durability.

Living rooms usually use gypsum finish putties, which have high plasticity and adhesion, after drying, they give the walls a white color and are easy to grind. Recently, polymeric types of putty for domestic work, which are applied with a finishing layer, are quite popular. With their help you can create an ideal surface. Such compounds have a disadvantage, expressed in high cost.

Additional classification of decorative putty

Considering the types of decorative putty, you should pay attention to additional varieties of solution. For example, the oil-glue mixture is used to smooth the following varieties of surfaces:

• Wooden;
• Concrete;
• Covered with plaster.

Subsequently, oil-glue filler can be covered with water-dispersion and oil paints, as well as enamels. Water-dispersion filler is a solution for partial equalization and elimination of flaws in gas-concrete, brick, wooden, plastered and stone walls. The surface can be painted before applying this composition. Sometimes a water-dispersion filler is applied to wood fiber boards.

Conclusion

Before purchasing the putty, it is necessary to determine the conditions under which the coating will be used. The kind of mixture depends on this. For rooms with a low or moderate level of humidity gypsum solution is excellent. This includes living rooms and hallways. In the kitchen and bathroom surfaces are better to trim with acrylic or cement putty, because these compounds are not afraid of the effects of water.