Diseases of onions. How not to lose the crop?

When the onion appeared in Russia, it is for certain unknown. However, there is no doubt that without it there is not one table in our country, it is used in most dishes. Traditional medicine widely uses it for medicinal purposes. Luk treats scurvy - the main scourge of the northern regions of the country, colds, chiri, gout, rheumatism and many other ailments. Growing vegetable culture, preventing the appearance of pests and providing the necessary storage conditions until the next harvest are important tasks for amateur gardeners and agricultural enterprises.

Diseases of onions can be caused by Bad external factors, and pest attack, among which one can distinguish an onion fly. This insect most often affects culture. Pupae safely survive the winter in the soil at a depth of 10-20 centimeters. After the arrival of spring, the onion fly's females leave their burrows and lay their eggs on the soil in the places of onion planting. Appearing larvae are introduced into the bulb itself and feed on its flesh. As a result, it rots, the foliage withers and turns yellow. And larvae grow and postpone the next offspring of pupae.

If diseases of onions caused by this insect were observed, it is recommended not to plant the crop in the same place more often than every three to four years. It is impossible to apply manure and nitrogen fertilizers directly to the ground just before planting. Work should be carried out in early spring. The use of chemicals in the processing of onions is undesirable. In summer, the land around the crop can be treated by sprinkling a mixture of tobacco dust and lime (one to one), ash (at a rate of 2 kg per 10 sq.m.), a mixture of naphthalene and sand (in equal amounts), peat. Diseases of onions caused by onion flies, you can try to overcome by spraying, but this is a fairly time-consuming and frequent procedure. In 10 liters of water dilute 300 grams of table salt, this solution is watered each plant under the root, trying not to get on the leaves. If this happens, immediately wash with fresh water. Wait 3 hours and process the entire plot clean. This procedure is repeated after 10 days, making the solution more saturated: 400 grams of salt per 10 liters. All the negative effects of an insect leading to an onion disease will recede.

Another problem of vegetable culture is downy mildew - a bacterial infection. It overwinteres in the bulb, and with the planting of the inoculum begins its development. To avoid such an adversity, it is necessary to store onion in winter in a warm, dry place with good ventilation. When planting, carefully sort the inoculum, selecting healthy strong bulbs. False powdery mildew appears stains on the vegetable, gradually they increase in size and acquire a grayish tinge. If such bulbs fall into the ground, then the leaves of the budding shoots turn yellow, then they break, and the stems descend. The infection spreads to the entire planting site, which inevitably leads to the death of the entire crop. Therefore, we must closely monitor the quality of the material, the absence of signs of disease onions. Only in this case there is a possibility of avoiding the downy mildew, which is considered to be the most dangerous for the cultivated vegetable, capable of destroying the works of both an amateur horticulturist and an agricultural enterprise.

Adherence to the necessary conditions for growing and storing, timeliness of measures to prevent the loss of crops will allow you to grow healthy and strong bulbs.