Types of cars by body type

The car has not been considered for a long time only as a means of transportation, at the present time it has become an integral part of civilization. That is why the types of production of cars have become so diverse, offering cars with all sorts of equipment designed to satisfy the most diverse needs of customers. On the modern car market there are a lot of models differing in body type, all varieties of which are unlikely to be called even the most advanced car enthusiast.

The main purposes of the autocube

In the field of mechanical engineering for the last couple of decades, a large number of modifications of the bodies of motor vehicles have been developed and produced, among which, according to the most conservative estimates of specialists, only types of passenger cars of the body type number more than 15 items. And here the question is brewing: why do you need so many body types? If you had to buy a car, then in the cabin the consultant will ask, for what purposes do you need transportation, do you have a large family, in what terrain do you plan to travel? In other words, it will identify your needs, and in fact, people involved in road transport, in fact, very much. Thus, the body of a modern car is able to meet different requirements of consumers: the capacity of the interior and trunk, the shape and height of the car, individual functional features.

Modern types of cars and their classification

Mass automotive industry dates back to the 20th century. The first models were more like an open wagon, which was driven not by horses, but by an internal combustion engine.

With the growth in demand for self-propelled transport, production technology was being finalized, the producers had the goal of producing types of cars that could not only transport people, but also provide protection and comfort to passengers. So there were closed bodies, inside of which people were protected from negative influence of weather conditions (rain, snow, wind, sun, cold).

At the present stage, the classification of bodies is carried out depending on many criteria:

1. Destinations (passenger, cargo-passenger and passenger car bodies).
2. According to the degree of congestion.
3. According to the layout.
4. On the design features (open, closed body).

Types of bodies by arrangement

This classification criterion divides the body according to the number of visually perceptible volumes (parts) of the car's silhouette:

1. One-volume bodies assume the arrangement of passengers, engine and possible cargo in one visually integral part.
2. In twin-walled bodies, the engine is located in one part of the structure (under the hood), and passengers and cargo - in the other (cabin)
3. Three-compartment body consists of a hood, under which there is an internal combustion engine, a passenger compartment, and a separate luggage compartment (trunk).

Load-dependent bodies

Auto-bodies can be structurally different depending on the expected load on them:

1. The carrier body has many common types of cars (VAZ including). The exception is the premium car. A functional feature of this type of body is that all weight loads fall on the body part.
2. The semi-bearing body is suitable for the production of buses in which the load is distributed between the body and the frame.
3. The unloaded body is mounted on the frame with special rubber linings. Such a body takes the burden only from transported people and cargo.

Types of cars with an open body

In the category of cars with open top includes several models, among which not only the world-famous convertible, but also roadster, bargam, targa, phaeton, spider and others. We describe the most common:

• The convertible, like the other types of convertible cars, has always been considered a sign of luxury and subtle taste. Often it was possible to meet such cars in countries with a hot climate, including in the resort areas. The structural feature of the three-body body is a folding roof, which, being made of flexible materials, folds behind the rear seat. The cabriolet can be a 4-door, but more often there are 2-door models, which, however, have 2 rows of seats.
• The roadster has a 3-volume body with a soft or hard convertible top and one row of seats, without side windows, often even without a roof.
• Phaeton, as well as the roadster, has an opening roof, there are no side lifting glasses, but the number of seats can reach 5-6.
• The Targa is a version of the body with a rigidly fixed windshield. Unlike other models with a convertible top, the roof has a roof opening only above the front seats, and the rear passengers area is covered with glass.

Category of passenger cars with closed body type

The main types of cars in the type of closed body are as follows:

• The sedan is a three-compartment passenger car, in which the cabin, hood and trunk are visually clearly delineated. At the end of the 20th century this type of body was the most common in the automotive industry, however, and in the present it does not come off the production line of most of the concerns. In the sedan, there are necessarily 2 rows of seats for 4-5 seats, usually 4 doors, but there may be a two-door option.
• The wagon stands out among its brethren a noticeable lengthening. The two-cab body has an odd number of doors - usually 5, less often 3, and the rear is almost parallel to the ground. A very spacious trunk and 2 rows of seats make the station wagon a popular family car.
• The hatchback is a kind of hybrid between the sedan and the station wagon, combining the comfort of the first and the capacity of the second. The body has an odd number of doors, one of which is located behind with a slight bias. It differs from the sedan by a shorter rear overhang. A characteristic feature is the folding second row of seats, which in combination with the integrated in the luggage compartment creates additional space.
• Wagon - three-door three-door (if the luggage compartment opens with two doors - then the total number of doors of the car 4) body. Differences: only one row of seats and a very large cargo department.
• The pickup is a three-pillar body, which has a large open cargo area, separated from the interior by a rigid partition. Refers to passenger and cargo vehicles.
• The minivan is a modified station wagon that has an extra row of seats and a higher fit.
• SUV (crossover) - on the construction resembles a station wagon or a hatchback with the difference that the crossover has the greatest cross-country capability due to its large ground clearance. It is also distinguished by the high seating of the driver's seat.

Truck bodies

World automakers produce not only passenger types of cars, trucks of the type of bodies also today there are a huge number. Trucks differ primarily from cars in that the former necessarily require the presence of a frame, which takes on a part of the loads.

• Eurofura is the most common truck. The covered tent structure allows loading / unloading from the top and side parts.
• The refrigerator is designed for the transport of goods requiring a special temperature. In fact, this is a large capacity refrigerator.
• The tank truck is applicable for the carriage of liquid cargo in a special closed metal tank - a tank.
• The isothermal body has a thermally insulated luggage compartment without active refrigeration units. In some models, the function of heating the van is provided.
• The open semitrailer has an open cargo area.