Thyroid adenoma: classification and treatment methods

Unfortunately, thyroid adenoma is by no means a rare disease, especially among women of 40 years of age. Such a disease, as a rule, is accompanied by an increase in the secretion of the hormone called triiodothyronine, and secretion secretion is not controlled by the hormones of the pituitary gland.

Classification of tumors . In most cases, the adenoma of the thyroid gland is single. But in rare cases, multiple educations are diagnosed. In addition, the tumor can be both malignant and benign. Modern medicine uses the following classification, which divides this disease into:

1) Papillary adenoma;

2) Medullary;

3) Undifferentiated;

4) Follicular;

5) Other malignancies (lymphoma, sarcoma, epidermoid cancer, metastases);

In order to understand what is an adenoma of the thyroid gland, first you need to familiarize yourself with the brief characteristic of each type of cancer.

Papillary cancer . This type of disease is considered benign and in most cases the prognosis for sick patients is quite comforting. When you examine or scan the body of the gland, you can find a so-called "cold" node, which is a tumor. Such cancer gives metastases only in 30% of cases. But the disease is very dangerous for young children, since in this case the risk of metastasis in the lungs and cervical lymph nodes is very high.

Follicular adenoma of the thyroid gland . Such a disease is also considered benign, although it is much more dangerous than papillary cancer. Such a tumor almost always gives metastases to the lymph nodes, less often to other organs, and sometimes to the bone. In addition, the tumor actively absorbs iodine, which, by the way, is used by medicine in treatment with radioactive iodine.

Medullary adenoma of the thyroid gland . This form of cancer is more dangerous than the previous two, because in most cases it eventually grows on the trachea and nearby muscles. In addition, metastases in the lymph nodes are detected almost always. Symptoms of this disease are permanent diarrhea, uncaused redness of the face. The reason for this is the synthesis of the tumor by serotonin and other hormones.

Undifferentiated thyroid adenoma by medics is considered the most dangerous form of cancer. As a rule, malignant cells, carcinosarcomas, arise on the site of nodular goiter, which tortures a person for many years. With such a disease, iron begins to grow very rapidly, hindering breathing and swallowing, and sometimes even causing choking. In most cases, this disease is diagnosed in the elderly. The tumor grows very quickly and sprouts into all organs and structures located close to it. Such intensive development of cancer lasts about a year and ends with a lethal outcome.

Thyroid adenoma: treatment . In today's world, there are several basic ways to treat cancer of this gland. The success of treatment depends on the form of the disease and the stage of its development. The faster a sick person turns to specialists, the higher his chances of a full recovery.

As already mentioned, sometimes for the treatment of adenoma use radioactive iodine, actively accumulated by the tumor. This toxic substance gradually destroys the tumor.

Sometimes for treatment use direct injections of pure ethyl alcohol, which reduces and dries the tissue of the adenoma.

But in most cases, doctors perform surgical removal of the tumor, but only if the age of the patient allows (the operations are not performed over the elderly), and also in the absence of serious metastases.

In any case, treatment should be done in a timely manner and only under the supervision of an experienced endocrinologist.