The Terem Palace in the Kremlin - in what century was it built?

For nearly four centuries, the Moscow Kremlin has never ceased to fascinate humanity. Luxurious decoration impresses with a variety of shapes. The large size of the building and the richness of the ornaments make it possible to come and surprise each time, to discover something new that was not noticed before. Imagine if Merso, the character of Camus' novel "The Outsider", recalled by details not his wretched little room, but these chambers.

The Terem Palace in the Kremlin has become an integral part of not only Moscow, but the whole of Russia. Few of the other cities or countries have heard about it. He deservedly claims the title of the eighth wonder of the world. This is one of the symbols of the Russian Federation.

History of construction

The Terem Palace of the Moscow Kremlin was built in just a year, from 1635 to 1636. Although the time for building such a scale is the shortest, it did not affect the quality of the building in any way. Moreover, given that this is the first Russian stone palace, the Kremlin has denied the proverb that the first pancake is always a lump. He became an example for the erection of many other stone buildings. First, the decoration of the building is traditional, as in buildings made of wood. Secondly, the strength of the entire structure was difficult to surpass at that time. And not all modern buildings can compete with the palace. I would like to hope, but it is unlikely that the "Khrushchev" will last four centuries, not only that without losing its presentation, but at least retaining the foundation.

It was built by four of the best architects of the time: L. Ushakov, A. Konstantinov, B. Ogurtsov and T. Sharutin. The Terem Palace was built in the Kremlin on a time-tested foundation of the northern tier of the Kremlin ensemble, which was laid a hundred and fifty years before. In addition, this is the first building built of stone, and has several floors.

It was built, as conceived, three tiers. The first site was called boyar, in which the master's bedroom chambers were located. She was on the first floor. The second is designed for festivities and is connected to the first floor by a staircase. The entrance is a golden grid, a masterpiece of Kuznetsk art. The third tier was called the Golden-haired Teremok.

The purpose of the Terem Palace

Today, historians argue, why did Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich order to build the Terem Palace in the Kremlin. Scientists disagree on opinions. Some argue that the Terem Palace in the Kremlin, in what century it was built, had one purpose - to ensure the peace and rest of the tsar and his entire family. The upper floors were built as children's rooms. Others insist that with such a magnificent decoration he wanted to show his wealth and the country. Because the premises were used to receive ambassadors Swedish and not only. Also here, in their opinion, important meetings of the boyars were held.

Some historians even express such absurd ideas that the chambers were meant for keeping the mistresses of kings. This opinion they caused similarity with the harem of the Sultan's Topkapi Palace in Istanbul. And today this Turkish construction is distinguished by luxury and wealth.

Terem Palace style

The style in which the Terem Palace is erected in the Kremlin (in what century was built, said above) is also distinguished by luxury. That is, this is the birth of Russian baroque. And although the direction existed in many other countries, and Russia was not its founder, it still contributed to the history of architecture. Hence the appearance of a style that is commonly called "purely Russian."

This style is characterized by magnificent decoration and decoration of stone structures under the wooden rich log huts.

A real example for inheritance was Terem Palace. The time of construction is even dated back to the 17th century, but houses in the Russian style are extremely popular today.

Terem Palace Exterior

Externally, the Terem Palace in the Kremlin resembles an unusual beauty pyramid. You can even compare it with a holiday cake. So bright it is.

Each upper tier is slightly smaller than the previous one, which made it possible to use the remaining sites for various purposes. For example, the playground above the second floor is the territory where the festivities were held.

The windows of the windows are painted white and buried in stylized images of flowers. The wooden huts are also reminiscent of the character of the roof - it is a gable construction, decorated with patterns of different colors.

The attached watchtower is decorated with amazing kokoshnikami, and the roof consists of eight faces. From its windows there is a magnificent view of the city.

Terem Palace interior

Terem Palace in the Kremlin, the time of construction has surpassed not only the external characteristics. The interior of the building also impresses with its unprecedented magnificence.

If to describe in three words, then this is luxury, variety, wealth. If you describe all the details of the interior separately, it will take a lot of time and more than one printed sheet.

Each tier of the structure had its own purpose. The basement was intended for storage of stocks. The queen chose the first floor - it housed her workshops. The second is the reception, if expressed in modern language, where guests and ambassadors from different countries were welcomed. From one of the rooms dropped a large box, where the applicants put their requests and complaints.

Immediately there were royal rooms, a bathhouse.

The walls of the chambers are decorated with floral patterns and gold. Round arches are decorated with unusual patterns and ornaments, real molding, gilding, carved wood of expensive breeds.

Unfortunately, the painting was not preserved in its original form. It was restored according to the drawings of the great artist - archaeologist, painter Fedor Grigorievich Solntsev - and his pupil Kiselev already in the 19th century. Given that the paint of those times was extremely resistant, the reasons for the repeated application of the pattern are due to the partial or complete destruction of the walls. This could be Napoleon's attack, and the decision to redo the interior, which was never implemented.

Such is the Terem Palace in the Kremlin. In what century he was built - is known reliably. But few buildings have survived from those times. Today it is almost in the same condition as it was almost four centuries ago.

Interesting Facts

Many believe that the legendary film by Leonid Gaidai "Ivan Vasilievich changes his profession" was filmed in the Kremlin. This is partly so. But Terem Palace in the Kremlin (photo presented in the article) has nothing to do with the film. The film was shot in the Rostov Kremlin, and then only the scene of the chase. The royal chambers are studio decorations, and the "royal clothes" are the skilful work of costumers.

Terem Palace in what century was built? The answer to this question is known, but opinions about the relationship of architecture to the Renaissance or Baroque era were divided.

How to get?

Today, the Terem Palace of the Moscow Kremlin is closed to free access. But it's still possible to get into it.

It is necessary to register in advance for groups to visit. The queues are huge, therefore it is necessary to reach an agreement in advance. But also it only half of business. After recruiting the group, you need permission from the Kremlin representative to visit the palace. Well, getting inside, just enjoy the tour.