The problem of garbage. The environmental problem of garbage

More and more often in modern society, questions are raised on the theme of ecology. This is the widespread pollution of air with industrial wastes and gases, and pollution of water bodies, as well as the problem of garbage and waste disposal.

Waste of human life has become too much

Human life activity is closely connected with the origin of decay products, food and industrial waste. Some of them must be subjected to the correct method of treatment, otherwise they can cause serious damage to the environment. In addition, the time of disintegration of many materials goes beyond 100 years. The active pollution of the planet and the unsolved problem of garbage led to global changes - the destruction of the environment for the existence of living organisms.

Removing garbage, especially from large cities, is becoming an increasing problem of modernity. None of the developed and developing countries can boast of an established system of waste disposal. To date, only 60% of waste gets a second life by recycling, where do the remaining 40% go? Burning or burial is not particularly advisable, which complicates the already tense situation.

Where to put waste?

The problem of garbage disposal concerns absolutely all types of waste: from household to chemical. Moreover, many of them have dangerous decomposition products, which significantly complicates the processing methods. Garbage, decomposing, gives off alcohols and aldehydes, which then seep into the soil, houses and fall into the air. An already polluted environment suffers another invasion of toxic substances. And this does not happen once a year, but every day and in many places.

The environmental problem of garbage is getting frightening, since every day the amount of unprocessed waste only increases, and no one can give clear instructions for dealing with this problem. In Italy, for example, several cities are simply littered with unutilized waste. The problem of garbage makes itself felt most acutely in cities such as Naples and Palermo. In order to somehow clear the residential natural space for themselves, residents burn garbage right on the central squares of the city. It's terrible to say what's going on in the outskirts of these cities. Fetid couples flutter in the air and pollute the already terrible air.

Hazardous and hazardous waste must not be mixed

The problem of garbage pollution begins with the manufacturer of the goods. In production, it is necessary to draw up a waste passport, in which instructions for disposal should be clearly stated. Hazardous waste must never be mixed with safe wastes. Confusion of this kind threatens unpredictable and life-threatening consequences. For example, many energy-saving light bulbs you love should be disposed of by type of hazardous waste, i.e. in a specialized place. This kind of bulb contains mercury, even a small amount of its release into the atmosphere threatens with serious problems for the safety of people and organisms.

Then the problem of garbage goes to the inhabitant and the state. Agree, not every user of a battery or the same light bulb will worry about where he will throw these wastes. The garbage is mixed into containers, and then into special machines. This is at best. If suddenly the work of organizations that take out garbage is disrupted, a very noticeable problem is formed: the city suffocates in its waste. Remember the picture that is taking place on New Year's holidays. The landfills are overcrowded, and if it were not for the fresh frosty air, it would have been easy to suffocate from the smell of rotting food.

How to start solving a problem

The problem of garbage pollution often does not have a solution due to a poorly organized export system, lack of proper space or plants for recycling, and companies doing such dirty work. The most effective, but at the same time labor-intensive process - the redistribution of garbage for recycling or for use as fertilizers. The method for countries with developed industry is especially relevant. Some garbage, according to this policy, is burned in furnaces for power generation. In addition, the processing of waste material in such new products ultimately reduces the state's costs of production and at the same time solves the problem of garbage pollution. For example, the production of paper from waste paper requires much less energy and water. Thanks to such a solution, it becomes possible to solve not only the problem of garbage pollution, but also to rid the atmosphere of unnecessary greenhouse gases.

Pollution of the water spaces of the planet

The ecological problem of garbage affects not only land, but even the World Ocean. Plastic waste is filling the water area more and more. The area of such a garbage dump exceeds the area of the USA. The largest accumulation of debris is seen near the California coast. This is the largest pile in the world with household waste of about 100 million tons. Garbage floats at a depth of 10 m in a variety of forms: from toothpicks and bottles to wreckage of ships. All the garbage brought by the current forms a kind of water dump. For the first time, an environmental problem in water was discovered in 1997. Location - North Pacific Spiral. This cluster is associated with the circulation of water, which brings a variety of debris. According to scientists, such a landfill site causes the death of about 100,000 birds a year. In addition, plastic, when reacting, releases harmful substances, which then fall into the person with the fish caught. The existence of a floating landfill reminds once again that the problem of garbage has long gone beyond the states and has acquired a global global character.

Russia's "garbage" problem

Unfortunately, at present the problem of recycling is especially affecting Russia and the former Soviet republics. The approach to garbage collection is very different from European methods. Abroad it is customary to dispose of garbage in accordance with the type of waste. You will inevitably be fined if you throw metal or plastic into the glass container. It is much easier to recycle garbage. In Russia, the utilization ends in the export of various kinds of waste to the landfill. Huge hundreds of hectares of polluted land become unsuitable for life and exude harmful smells.

We are very far from solving the problem

It is unclear why no measures are taken to more rational waste management. After all, sometime, or rather very soon, there will not be enough space on Earth for all the heaps of unprocessed garbage. Instead, more and more products are produced from chemical materials that do not disintegrate themselves, but decompose after hundreds of years the environment. Why not stop the production of polymers in the form of banal polyethylene? Previously, they were treated with ordinary paper, which was perfectly decomposed in natural conditions and did not harm nature.

"Did you throw the garbage in the trash can?"

Considering the problem of recycling, it is necessary to say that there is little that depends on the average person. For the purity of a city or a whole country, there is a need for an organized export, sorting and processing of garbage. First of all, there must be a production that provides for almost complete processing of unsuitable raw materials. Nevertheless, do not litter the already polluted streets. Dispose of waste in the proper places to make your small and possible share in the cleanliness of the environment.

Figure-symbol "Garbage problem"

For the first time, waste was recycled in the UK 200 years ago. Over the past sixty years, the world community has begun to understand the seriousness of such a crisis for the planet as a whole. To attract public attention to this hot topic in public places, on packages, on consumer goods there is a symbol of the "garbage problem". It represents 3 cyclic arrows, closed in a triangle clockwise. Most often green, sometimes black.

The symbol "garbage problem" was introduced by ecologists in the 70s of the 20th century to designate packaging and packaging material that have a long decomposition time in nature, as well as a mapping of the need for industrial waste processing. This sign was invented in 1970 by student Gary Anderson.

The icon-symbol "garbage problem" on the product can also mean that it is made from recycled garbage. Then three arrows closed in a triangle are placed inside the circle. Often such a sign can be seen on products made of paper or cardboard. Some interpretations of the symbol have been specially created for various industrial groups and are obligatory for application to the goods.