The device of drainage on a site by own hands - technology

The device of drainage on a site by own hands can be easily made if necessary. This may be required when there is excessive humidity on the territory, which can cause many problems. If you have not thought about this question, then the stagnant puddles are the first signs that you should pay attention to. They may not leave the site for several days or even weeks. Do not neglect these shortcomings of the territory, because after a while you will certainly encounter such problems as not only the wetting of the foundation, but also its destruction. It is also possible to avoid minor troubles in the form of soaked plants and trees, which can even die from excessive moisture. Especially often the device of drainage on a site by own hands is necessary in the event that it is located in the lowland, where the water table is high.

Drainage patterns

Drainage can be arranged in one of several ways. The first is called deep drainage, the second is superficial. The last one is used to divert from a section of water that accumulates after seasonal floods or heavy precipitation, while the former is used to reduce the moisture level of ground through the diversion of groundwater. A variety of drainage, as a rule, is chosen not only depending on the condition of the site, but also in accordance with the preferences of the owner. Despite the fact that each variety has its own differences and peculiarities, it can be arranged on its own.

Features of drainage design

The device of drainage on a site by own hands should be executed by rules. So, if we talk about the surface, then this form can be point or linear. The first is designed to drain liquid from oversized areas, which are very isolated. But if there is a need to cope with the accumulation of water, then it is necessary to equip the water intakes, which presuppose the existence of point drainage. This can be the territory that is located under the drains, in the lowlands of the terrain, as well as in the lower part of the terraces, and the entrance areas serve as objects for installing point drainage. This system is the simplest and does not require the need for a preliminary drawing up of a special scheme.

The device of drainage on a site by own hands will appear more difficult, if it is a question of system of linear type. This type of drainage provides the task of removing water from buildings, in addition, such systems are perfectly able to cope with the protection of tracks in the area from the water paths, excellently they protect both entrances, and also resist washing away of the fertile layer of soil from the territory of the suburban area.

Features of linear drainage

If you describe the linear drainage, then we can say this: this design is represented in advance by a planned system of shallow trenches. The latter are laid at a certain angle, disposed along the perimeter of the territory and in those places where the accumulation of water is most noted. The device of drainage in a garden area with own hands assumes drawing up of the project of a site. In the presence there should be a trunk trench, which is necessary for the collection of water entering ditches. Its end should be in the water intake, which may be a ravine or a traditional storm sewer.

During the design, it is necessary to take into account the places where stagnation of water is noted. This is necessary in order to lay trenches from these points to the main drainage. It must be understood that the drainage slope must be correctly calculated, otherwise the water will not leave. The smallest deviation of drainage is 0.003 m, as for sandy soils. With regard to clayey soils, this figure should be equal to 0.002 m. The receiver must be positioned so that its position is below the linear drainage, it is with this calculation and it is necessary to drain the site with your own hands. Drainage of sites, as practice shows, occurs most effectively if the slope is equal to 0.005-0.01 m.

Features of the arrangement of surface drainage

In the arrangement of surface drainage of the territory, two methods should be used. The first of them is open. It provides for digging open trenches. The walls of such structures should be formed at an angle equal to 30 °, just such parameters will allow the fluid to flow unhindered into the ditch. The design should have a width of 0.5 m, while its depth should be equivalent to 0.7 m. As the main advantage of such a system is the ease of execution. However, there is also a serious minus, which is expressed in a non-aesthetic appearance, which will spoil the overall impression of the site.

Strengthening the walls of the drainage system

Among other things, it should be noted that if the walls are not strengthened, they soon begin to crumble, which will lead to the construction in disrepair. It is possible to solve this problem by using the rubble backfill, which prevents the destruction of the trench, but it does not escape that the capacity will be significantly reduced.

The drainage of the site by one's own hands, the technology of which must be studied before the beginning of the work, involves the backfilling of the lower part of the groove with crushed stone, it is necessary to use large-fractioned material, while for the upper part it is necessary to take fine-grained rubble. This will solve the problem of crumbling walls. From above everything can be covered with turf.

Solve the problem of shedding is possible and the way to use drainage trays, mounted in a trench, on top with all this you need to close the lattice. The latter are necessary in order to avoid getting garbage. At the core of the trays can be concrete, plastic or polymer concrete, whereas the grate can be steel or plastic.

Features of the deep drainage device

If you are interested in the installation of a drainage system on the site, it is possible to consider the features of the installation of a deep type construction. This will reduce the overall soil moisture. In order to ensure the effective operation of the system, it should be located below the ground water table. Initially, a geodetic site plan is made, which will allow to understand where the aquifer lies.

In order to determine at what depth the drains will be deposited, average values must be taken into account. Thus, the pipes can be located at a depth of 0.6 to 1.5 m.

If it is necessary to work with the territory on which peat soils should be laid trenches deeper, this is due to the fact that such soils soon settle. Depth of installation - within 1-1.6 m. In order to work on the arrangement of the system, it is necessary to use pipes with perforation. As a rule, they are based on plastic. Drainage in the suburban area with their own hands, the device of which is described in the article, is done using drains, as far as the deep system is concerned. Thus, drains are pipes Ø50-200 mm, in which there are holes Ø1.5-5 mm.

Recommendations for installation of deep drainage

In the case of the deep system, as in the case of surface drainage, the system assumes the existence of a trunk trunk. It will collect moisture from the secondary pipes, and its end will go into the water intake. When drawing up the plan, it is necessary to take into account that the perforated pipes will be mounted on the basis of sand and gravel. In the process of work will be necessary to make equipment trenches. To do this, the channels are scooped out, the width of which is 40 cm. The bottom is laid layer by layer, only after you can proceed to laying the pipe. Sometimes it is wrapped with geotextile, which allows you to protect the holes from clogging.

Installation of wells

Without the help of specialists at the first level, deep drainage of the site by oneself can not be carried out; Project, the device must necessarily be entrusted to a team of professionals. In order to be able to control the drainage process and clean the system, you need to install special wells. In their basis can be reinforced concrete. However, if the depth of drainage is not more than 3 m, corrugated pipes should be used . The facilities must be supplemented with lids to prevent the ingress of debris.

Recommendations for the installation of wells

It is necessary to comply with all the rules, if you decide to implement a drainage device on the site, the general idea of deep drainage involves placing wells on a straight line with steps of 50 m, as for a meandering trench, wells should be at every turn. Be sure to contact the surveying service if you need to build such a deep drainage system.