The cyst is paraurethral: causes, symptoms, operation, consequences

In urological practice, there is such a disease as the cyst is paraurethral. At the heart of the ailment is a blockage of glands located near the urethra in women. This pathology is extremely rare. That is why the ailment often raises many questions both in the diagnosis and in the methods of combating it.

Description of the disease

To understand what the cyst is paraurethral, it is necessary to consider the anatomy of the female body. The urethra (urethra) is surrounded by a multitude of glands. They are called paraurethral. In medical practice, they are often referred to as Skin glands, by the name of the scientist, who described them in detail.

They have a groinlike shape. In its structure resemble the male prostate. Numerous sinuses, ducts form an extensive network of tubular channels. They surround the urethra along the lateral and posterior walls. The glandular ducts are completely emptied into the urethra. The secret, which they produce, protects the urethra from pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, it acts as a barrier to sexual intercourse.

During the life of the gland Skina undergo some changes. During pregnancy, they increase to maximum size. After giving birth, involutions are exposed. For menopause characteristic of their atrophy. That is why the cyst is most often observed in women of childbearing age.

Sometimes the output of the gland is clogged. In this case, the secret is stored in them, and does not go into the urethra. This is how the para -urethral cyst is formed. This formation is a small round seal. It is elastic enough to touch. Most often, the cyst is located near the exit of the urethra, near the surface of the skin. However, there are cases when formation was found in deep layers.

Causes of ailment

A lot of sources are known, because of which a paraurethral cyst is formed in women.

At the heart of the development of pathology may lie:

• Inflammatory diseases of the urethra;
• Birth trauma, provoked by episiotomy (cut of the perineum);
• Bruises, various injuries of the urethra;
• Microtraumas of the urethra, provoked by coarse sexual intercourse;
• Chronic pathologies that cause a decrease in immunity;
• Damage during labor;
• diabetes;
• Some means of intimate hygiene;
• Infection, penetrating into the body sexually.

Characteristic symptomatology

Pathology can be completely asymptomatic. This is observed if a small-sized paraurethral cyst is diagnosed. Symptoms of large formations are more pronounced, and women give serious discomfort.

The most common complaints are:

• Swelling in the cyst formation area;
• Dysuria;
• A variety of urination disorders;
• Discomfort during walking, sexual intercourse;
• urinary incontinence;
• Pain when urinating, sometimes possible to stitch;
• Swelling of the urethra;
• Hematuria (presence of blood in the urine);
• Burning sensation, pain in the area of education;
• urinary incontinence;
• Feeling of raspiraniya in the cyst area;
• The jet of urine weakens;
• Sensation of foreign body in the area of the urethra;
• High sensitivity of the para-urethral zone caused by compaction;
• Infectious processes in the cyst area, which can provoke suppuration;
• Formation of the diverticula of the urethra;
• Presence of secretions (mucous or purulent);
• Changes in cysts (hyperplastic, neoplastic);
• Formation of a malignant tumor (an extremely rare phenomenon).

If the unpleasant sensations described above in the urethra can be observed in women, then you should know that regression and self-resolution for the disease is uncharacteristic. Therefore, you need to seek help from a doctor.

Classification of the disease

Pathology is characterized by two forms:

1. Skin cysts. They are formed due to blockage of glands located in the region of the urethra. In appearance, they resemble a bag.
2. Cysts of the Gartner Passage. Such formations are formed as a result of abnormal development of the genitourinary system. At the heart of their appearance is the fusion of the wall of the vagina and the urethra. This leads to a cluster of secretions, against which the cyst develops.

Regardless of the form of the disease, education itself can not resolve. Doctors say that prolonged cysts near the urethra are quite dangerous. Pathology can lead to the development of inflammation or suppuration. It should be remembered that the paraurethral cyst is a favorable environment in which stagnant urine accumulates. Of course, against the background of such a clinic, bacteria multiply. Inflammatory process can provoke an abscess. And it is extremely unpleasant if the cyst has burst. In this case purulent contents are opened in the urethra and diverticulitis develops.

Stages of progression

Doctors distinguish several degrees of development of the disease:

1. The first stage. There is an infection of glands. As a result, disorders in the genitourinary system begin to develop. Sometimes they are asymptomatic. But most often at this stage, the first unpleasant sensations in the urethra can appear in women. As a rule, patients complain of discharge, pain during urination.
2. The second stage. The cyst begins to increase in size. To the above described signs of the disease pain in the pelvic region, discomfort during sexual intercourse is added. Around the formations there may be foci of chronic inflammation.

Methods of diagnosis

If there is unpleasant discomfort in the area of the small pelvis, then it is necessary to go to the gynecologist without delay. The doctor will conduct an examination, and if he finds a pathology, then you will be recommended to consult a urologist.

But be prepared for the fact that any urological clinic, in order to confirm the diagnosis, will offer to undergo examinations such as:

• Analysis of urine;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
• Sowing of urine (bacteriological);
• MRI;
• Urine cytology;
• Uroflowmetry;
• Smear from the urethra;
• Urethrocystoscopy.

Treatment of ailment

The cyst is not capable of self-diminishing. Do not provide this and drug treatment. And it should be remembered that education is quite dangerous. After all, at any moment the suppuration can begin. And, of course, it is not at all desirable to wait until the cyst has burst.

Given all of the above, it should be made clear that with such education, it is necessary to immediately contact a competent specialist. Clearly understand: the only way to combat the paraurethral cyst is surgical intervention. Other ways to treat the disease is impossible.

The operation involves little intervention. During her removal of the cyst, cautiously dissecting its walls. A few days later, the surgical wound heals. Patients who underwent this intervention, it is recommended to abstain from sexual activity for 2 months.

Regardless of which urological clinic will be chosen, only surgical intervention is performed to remove the cyst. Unfortunately, electrocoagulation, various punctures, laser exposure do not allow to achieve complete healing. Such methods only temporarily relieve the patient of unpleasant symptoms.

In the presence of infection or inflammation, the patient is prescribed medication before and after the operation.

Possible consequences

It must be said that the paraurethral cyst can lead to extremely negative complications even after surgical intervention.

The probability of negative consequences depends entirely on the education itself, its size, the presence of infectious and inflammatory processes, the location of localization.

Unpleasant complications arising from the operation can be:

• Recurrent infection;
• Painful urethral syndrome;
• hematoma;
• bleeding;
• Relapse cyst;
• Stricture of the urethra (such narrowing is accompanied by inflammation);
• Urethro-and vesicovaginal fistulas.

Prophylaxis of ailment

Of course, one should not forget about the measures that prevent the emergence of pathology. It is much easier to prevent cystic formation than to fight it later.

Doctors recommend the following prevention:

• Timely treatment of inflammation of the urethra, genital organs, bladder;
• Getting rid of sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, mycoplasmosis, trichomoniasis);
• Adherence to hygienic rules;
• Use only natural underwear;
• Preventive examinations in urologist and gynecologist.

Timely appeal to specialists will make it much easier and quicker to postpone surgical intervention. Therefore, in the presence of unpleasant symptoms do not postpone the visit to the doctor. Remember, the faster you get rid of pathology, the higher the chances of avoiding the development of unpleasant consequences.