Sterlitamak - which region of Russia?

Probably, among us there are many who have never heard of such a small, but interesting city, like Sterlitamak. "What kind of region is this?" - they ask, as a rule, a little surprised. We answer: this rather modest inhabited locality is in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russia).

What is famous for this place? What is so wonderful about it? And why should it be visited at the first opportunity? This article is ready to answer all these and many other questions from those that are most often asked about the city of Sterlitamak. Which area? What time is it? Is the climate different? What does the local population do and what are the characteristics of the local nature? All this will be discussed below.

In general, I would like to note at once that when discussing the city of Sterlitamak, which region or region it is, it is not entirely correct to ask. Why? The thing is that this locality belongs to another territorial unit, called a republic.

Section 1. General information about the city

So, Sterlitamak (which region of Russia and whether it is permissible to ask such questions in principle, was indicated above) is considered the second most populous administrative center of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the Russian Federation.

It should be noted that this is a fairly large by modern standards machine building unit, as well as one of the most important centers of polycentric agglomeration. To many Sterlitamak is also known for its developed chemical industry.

Geographically Sterlitamak, whose sphere of influence on the economy of our country is in fact difficult to underestimate, is located on the left bank of the river. White, 121 km south of Ufa.

This settlement was founded long ago, as early as 1766. The city of Sterlitamak had the same name, but later, in 1953, it was abolished.

Deep into the history, you can find out that originally this settlement arose around the so-called Sterlitamak salt pier, but the official status of the city was given to him in 1781.

In the not so distant past, the city of Sterlitamak (which area it was until 1953, indicated above) was the capital of the autonomous Bashkir Republic. A little later, the role of the most important city of the region was transferred to Ufa, resulting in a significant decrease in the number of people in the city. Today, there are more than 278,000 permanent residents.

The time difference with Moscow is 2 hours.

Section 2. Where did this name come from?

As for the very name of the city, it turns out that it did not appear at all by chance, as it might seem at first glance, but after the merger of two words: the name of the local Sterly stream running through the central part of the city, and the word "tamak," which In the Bashkir language means "the mouth of a water spring", or "throat".

Thus, it is not difficult to guess that if we take the whole word into Russian, it turns out that the name Sterlitamak sounds like "the mouth of the Sterly River". Quite a harmonious and very logical name.

Section 3. Features of the physico-geographical location

The city of Sterlitamak, which region it is and whether it exists at all, was mentioned above, is in the European part of the Russian Federation. To the east of it stretches the Ural Mountains, and to the west lies the endless and very picturesque East European Plain.

It should be noted that in the vicinity of the city there are so-called shihans, which are unique geological natural monuments. Near Kushtau mountain there are numerous children's health camps, rest houses, ski complexes with trails and lifts. And this automatically means that there is practically no shortage of tourists here.

Initially, the city of Sterlitamak was created in the interfluve between Ashkadar and Sterly. It is there now is the Old Town - the historical center of Sterlitamak. Subsequently, he, of course, like many other cities in the world, was built. The most actively populated point grew in the northern and western directions. To date, 5 road and 1 railway bridge have already been built in the city through the Sterlju River.

People who are interested in our country often ask why this settlement did not develop in the southern, seemingly more logical direction. The thing is that the Olkhovka River, which is the left tributary of Ashkadar, limits its growth there.

Section 4. The current image of the city

The city of Sterlitamak at the moment is a major center of republican subordination. Previously, it was the capital of the Bashkir Autonomous Republic, which was later transferred to Ufa, located 120 km from the above-mentioned city.

Today's locality is famous for its mechanical engineering, chemical industry, along with major federal highways.

Despite its modest size, the city has interesting places to visit. For example, there are amazingly beautiful mosques in the old part of the city.

It should be noted that, starting from the seventies of the last century, a special scheme was put into operation in Sterlitamak: all residents are intensively planting their city. As a result of such painstaking work, the current population center surpasses even the city of one million cities Samara by the number of birches.

The infrastructure is very developed here. Everywhere guests of the city expect a variety of shops, boutiques, cafes, pubs, restaurants. By the way, not everyone knows that in 2007 Sterlitamak was recognized as the most comfortable city in the Russian Federation.

Section 5. Saltwater pier - a unique place on the map of Russia

Sterlitamak owes its origin to a merchant Savva Tetyushev who proposed a project for the construction of a dock to receive in large quantities the Iletsk salt brought here. The total weight of the seasoning supplied, according to the plans of the businessman of that time, could well reach a million poods, problems with loading and unloading would still not arise. Those who are curious, when exactly the events listed above happened, we will say that the project of Tetyushev with the attached notes of the Orenburg governor was approved by decree of 19.01.1766. It's a fairly long term, is not it?

The first caravan with Iletsk salt, which left the pier in the spring of 1767, amounted to a million poods not promised, but three times less. With the emergence of the pier, the local drivers of salt called it Ashkadarskaya, and not Sterlitamak, as Tetyushev wanted.

Soon the multiple shortcomings of the chosen place were opened. As a result of the inspections, on the proposal of the Chairman of the Salt Commission of the Russian Federation, PD Yeropkin, in 1769 a salt pier with a shallow river. Ashkadar was moved to its former place.

She again began to be near the tract Bugulchan on the river. White. Although from the former pier they still continued to send barges with other cargoes, the weight of which, by the way, significantly exceeded the amount of previously exported salt.

It turns out that the city of Sterlitamak was very important in the life of the region.

Section 6. Where to go first?

If you are lucky to find yourself in this village, try to find time and go to the local museum of local lore, where many truly unique exhibits are collected.

On weekends in the city, interesting performances of the theater-studio "Benefit" usually take place. They are distinguished by rather creative decisions, excellent director's work, a unique play of actors. The production of this collective will be to the liking of everyone, from children to experienced theatergoers.

By the way, in Sterlitamak there are not only one, but three good theaters at once.

Section 7. Monument at the 5th verst of the Ufa tract

It is also worth seeing Very revered in the city and a rather peculiar monument on the 5th verst of the Ufa tract, which was built in memory of the executed members of the Revolutionary Committee and the Council of People's Commissars, killed by the bears. This very tragic event occurred on the night of September 27 to September 28, 1918, just on the spot where today's monument is erected.

During the USSR, there was originally a wooden monument, then in the 60s a stone obelisk was erected. Now this memorial is in the center of Sterlitamak on Lenin Ave.

Need I say that on holidays local people always come here and lay flowers.

Section 8. City and its environs

In Sterlitamak, a lot of parks and squares, the largest of them is Victory Park. Near the Palace of Culture there is a square named after. Marshal Zhukov, where there is a monument with the names of all the heroes, former residents of the city, who died in the Second World War. You can also visit the park. Y. Gagarin.

Note that the bulk of tourists come here purely for rafting along the Belaya River. In the warm season, there are also many hiking and outdoor enthusiasts.

An interesting place in Sterlitamak is the airport located in the south-west, 7 kilometers from the city limits. At this time it is closed and for its intended purpose is not used. But even being almost abandoned, it enjoys steady popularity among environmental tourists. His fans and fans love extreme sports, skating here on skateboards, rollerblades and special bicycles.

However, one must be careful here, since the territory is protected and penetration there is not a very legal matter.

Section 9. Nature of the Tugarsalgan lake

The pond is at the very foot of the shihan of Tratau. On Tugarsalganu there is an island, although before it was a peninsula. Once upon a time, valuable valuable endemic plants grew, which, unfortunately, are almost completely destroyed due to thoughtless human activity.

It is pleasant to note that at least something is being done to preserve the nature of this region. So, since 1965 Lake Tugarsalgan and its environs (only about 100 hectares) are officially considered a natural monument.

From the geological point of view, Tugarsalgan is one of the deepest lakes of karst origin in Bashkortostan, its greatest depth in some places is 27 m. The lake feeds on spring water. Its length is 395 m and its width is 260 m.

So, this article answered all the questions posed about the city of Sterlitamak: what area is geographically located, a little history of origin, a list of features and a list of the most interesting places to visit. The case for small - try to feel its atmosphere.