Solar battery for tourists and travelers

A solar battery for tourists is a semiconductor type device. This is a collection of solar cells that are connected in accordance with the established scheme and are enclosed in a frame or mounted on a frame.

Often they are combined to increase the final power level, for the development of which one or even two batteries are not enough. Panels have a different area - from 2-5 centimeters to several square meters. At the same time, the parameters do not have a major effect on the efficiency obtained. The main key factors of the panel performance factors are weather, time of day, latitude (geographical location), angle of sunlight and intensity of ultraviolet radiation.

Important details

A solar battery for tourists, which consists of several photocells, converts the energy of radiation from the sun into electricity, so necessary in the campaigns. Today, you can find a variety of different power supplies and chargers based on batteries of this type. The only problem is the complexity of the choice.

Of particular importance is the protection of photocells, fastening methods, weight, overall dimensions, the presence of several connectors and additions to the package, which make it easy to use the battery and charge multiple devices. General mobilization has contributed to the wide spread of electronics of all kinds: radio stations, flashlights, PDAs, telephones, video cameras, echo sounders, which require autonomous energy.

Power

The main characteristic is the output power, it depends on the possibility of supplying a load of installed power and the rate of charging of the connected batteries. It should be noted that some foreign-made devices have many compartments for batteries, but a small area of photocells. It may seem that they are able to immediately charge everything. But this is just a marketing move, since the actual charging speed is determined by the total capacity of the device equal to the area of the available photographic plates. A solar battery for tourists with a small plate and low power is in fact ineffective.

A coefficient is composed of two characteristics - voltage and current. In the parameters of the device there can be two such values - working and maximum. The current is indicated by the operating range and the short-circuit value, for the voltage - standard and without load. The operating and maximum stresses differ approximately by 20-25%. During operation, it is desirable that the output voltage at the load is equal to the working voltage, which is noted in the technical data. So a solar battery for tourists will be used as efficiently as possible.

More rational devices with an output voltage that is slightly higher or equal to the existing requirements. There is no need to purchase a battery with too high a voltage, since most of it will simply be lost. It should be noted that the photocells have quite variable output properties, which are highly dependent on loads.

How to achieve maximum performance

Modern gadgets, for example, voltage converters, are able to provide maximum power or create a stable output voltage with different lighting options. In large solar panels , these converters are often used, in contrast to pocket options. But with the development of technologies, much is changing, and in shops there is an increasing number of solar batteries for tourism, the kit of which also includes a converter.

What are the types

A solar battery for tourists is represented on the market in several types:

• Toolbars. Typically, they include a set of plates connected on a substrate. In fact, this is a workpiece to create on their basis more convenient and powerful devices.
• Solar universal batteries, designed to provide energy in the field of devices of a broad spectrum. Importers have an attractive design and good workmanship at an affordable price, as well as many adapters. Russian batteries are available as a semi-serial or factory production. Variation of the price-quality ratio within a fairly wide range. Such a solar battery for tourists Is the most convenient.

• Batteries with low power, which are used to charge PDAs, phones and other equipment. Their characteristic difference lies in the small area of photographic plates at not the lowest price. In the field, they are of little use.

Portable Battery

The solar battery for tourism in a case of 60 W differs in the small sizes. There are even options in the form of key fobs, attached to anything. They have a flashlight, convenient for lighting tents or roads, and various mountings. It is desirable that in this device there is a built-in battery for charging gadgets during rain and at night.

Manufacturing technology

As you know, a solar battery for tourism, hiking has several integral elements. The panel is a rectangular transparent box with black silicon squares. The silicon used in the manufacture is the main component.

The technology of creating batteries is constantly being improved and consists of several stages. First, the raw materials are prepared - sand is cleaned and calcined with coke. Due to this, oxygen leaves it, and it turns into particles of silicon, outwardly similar to coal. After the structure is ordered, crystals are formed from it. For this, silicon is lowered into the crucible, it is heated strongly with the addition of a primer into the molten lava. The seed is the standard for the future crystal, around which a layer behind the silicon layer with a different structure is formed. A few hours later, a monosilicon crystal appears. The workpiece is cut into 100 micron thin plates, they are tested and transferred to another part of the processing.

Plates are subsequently welded in sections that are joined in blocks to prevent the possibility of mechanical damage to the finished elements. Most often blocks consist of 5-7 sections.

In the third step, the plates are laminated with an ethylene vinyl acetate film and a protective coating. A special device monitors temperature, vacuum and pressure.

At the end of the work, an aluminum frame and a junction box are installed. Tests are conducted to measure the parameters of the point of maximum capacity, voltage, short-circuit current.

Solar battery for tourists with their own hands

Any radio amateur or a person who is fond of this topic, can make such a device at home. A solar battery for tourism at a cost of money will be much cheaper factory. When calculating, designing, and the works themselves, one can take into account all personal needs and technological tasks.

Before starting to create a solar battery, you need to determine the choice of modules used - it can be amorphous, polycrystalline or monocrystalline. The last two options are more accessible. For a competent choice it is desirable to have an idea of the basic properties. After the completion of the work, it is necessary to check the received device in order to get rid of possible problems affecting the efficiency.

Materials for work

Plates of single-crystal type have an efficiency of about 15%, but even a small amount of cloudiness significantly reduces the coefficient of the device created from them.

Polycrystalline plates have a low efficiency, reaching a maximum of 10%. But their distinctive feature is the ability to work during the clouds and cloudy weather.

When buying silicon plates for assembly of the device with their own hands, it is worth paying attention to the elements with minor defects - Type B modules. Some parts can be replaced, and thus a solar battery will be produced for tourists at a much lower price.

The gadget can be made without a protective coating, but it is still desirable to make it from materials such as plexiglass, plexiglass and ordinary glass. All coatings can be used without losing a significant amount of energy, but of the listed materials, the least penetration of the rays through the Plexiglas.

Solar battery for tourism - a universal solution

In traveling, the main advantage of using such devices is the inexhaustibility and availability of free energy, thanks to which it is possible to operate electronics anywhere, without dependence on outlets. It is only necessary to take into account the low efficiency when used in overcast or foggy weather. In view of this fact, accumulating systems have been created that conserve energy. In addition, the amount of energy from the sun is different in different regions and affects the performance.