Sigmoid colon - an important organ of the digestive system

Sigmoid colon, beginning with the upper aperture of the small pelvis and passing into the rectum, is one of the divisions of the large intestine. This department received this name because of its unusual form, reminiscent of the Greek letter "sigma". It is located, as a rule, in the left part of the abdomen, however, its bends often reach the midline of the abdomen and the right hypochondrium. The sigmoid colon is covered on all sides by a mesentery - the peritoneal duplication securing the stomach, small intestine, part of the sigmoid colon, a number of other organs and the back wall of the abdomen. Mesentery contains a mass of blood and lymph vessels, as well as nerves.

Sigmoid colon plays an important role in the process of digestion of food, it absorbs a significant amount of water, which then spreads through all organs and systems of the body. In addition, the hardening of the feces continues, which then enter the rectum and are excreted from the body. Since digestion is the main function of the sigmoid colon, the diseases of this part of the intestine can lead to serious disturbances in the functioning of the intestine as a whole and affect the normal functioning of the nearby organs and can even carry a life threat. Therefore, timely detection of diseases of such an important organ of the digestive system, like the sigmoid colon, is of great importance for the favorable outcome of therapy.

One of the diseases of the sigmoid colon is sigmoiditis (a kind of colitis), which is an inflammation of this part of the intestine. Distinguish between acute and chronic forms of sigmoiditis. The acute form is characterized by sharp, pain in the ileum abdomen, similar fights, as well as changes in the intensity and color of the stool. Symptoms of the chronic form of this disease are pain after and during defecation, as well as alternating constipation with diarrhea. In addition, patients complain of eructations, bloating, vomiting, nausea and frequent loud rumbling in the intestines.

Very often, the treatment of inflammation of the sigmoid colon is hampered by a misdiagnosis, with the inflammation becoming more and more aggravated. Also, the process of fusion of nearby organs with the gut begins. Inflamed sigmoid colon (pains usually have the nature of spasms) manifests itself by the appearance of weakness, a sharp decrease in weight and a deterioration in the quality of life.

Treatment of inflammation of the sigmoid colon includes compliance with a strict diet and bed rest. An appointment of antispasmodic, sedative, antibacterial and enveloping agents is prescribed. In addition, local treatment is widely used in the form of suppositories, herbs and corticosteroids. With timely diagnosis, regardless of the form of the disease, the predictions are favorable.

Spasm of the sigmoid colon can also be a symptom of another disease, called diverticulosis. This disease is acquired, it is based on a violation of intestinal peristalsis, which causes high intraluminal pressure in some areas of the intestine. At the same time, the transverse and longitudinal muscles are hypertrophic, tissue circulation starts to malfunction, and the chyme is pushed through the intestine.

Diverticulosis in young people is relatively rare, but by the age of fifty, the incidence of the disease has increased significantly. The main symptoms of this disease are: flatulence, a feeling of raspiraniya in the stomach, stool, colic and pain in the ileum. Treatment of this disease can avoid very serious consequences, such as fistulas, bleeding, abscessing, purulent peritonitis and various inflammatory processes.

In case of similar symptoms it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor to avoid the development of more serious diseases, such as sigmoid cancer.