Progesterone analysis can help identify the cause of infertility and miscarriage

Today, quite a lot of women face the problem of infertility and spontaneous interruption of the desired pregnancy. One of the causes of these unpleasant phenomena can be hormonal imbalance. In this case, necessarily on the list of examinations, there is an analysis of progesterone.

This hormone is responsible for preparing the body for pregnancy and its preservation. Progesterone is synthesized by the yellow body, which is formed in the ovaries after ovulation. It acts on the center of thermoregulation and raises temperature.

It is on this, as well as the ability of estrogen to reduce it, the method of measuring rectal temperature is based. It is still actively used to determine ovulation, diagnosis of hormonal disorders and inflammation in the reproductive tract.

The main goal of progesterone is to prepare the endometrium for implantation of the embryo. If it is not enough, then the onset of pregnancy becomes problematic.

To determine this, you need to do a blood test for progesterone. Today it is possible in any modern laboratory. The duration of the study is usually a few days.

The analysis for progesterone is given in the morning on an empty stomach. It is recommended to do it on the 23rd day of the cycle, unless the physician prescribes another time. When measuring the temperature, the analysis should be taken 6 days after its increase.

If pregnancy does not occur, then after 2 weeks of functioning, the yellow body regresses. In this case, the level of progesterone falls and menstruation occurs.

If conception occurs, the yellow body begins to function in a strengthened mode. It releases even more progesterone, which prevents uterine contractions, stimulates its growth, suppresses immunity, and prevents the rejection of the embryo.

If it is not developed enough, miscarriage can occur. Therefore, the analysis for progesterone in pregnancy is prescribed to women who have already had or have symptoms of it, for example, low rectal temperature, spotting, abdominal pain.

If there is a shortage, then artificial gestagens are appointed, for example, Utrozestan and Dufaston. They are taken until 20 weeks, then the drugs are canceled, gradually reducing the dose. During this period, the placenta is completely formed, which synthesizes hormones, and the yellow body regresses.

The analysis for progesterone has the following norms:

• Follicular phase: 0.34-2.24;

• Ovulation: 0.49-9.42;

• Luteal phase: 7-56.64;

• 1 trimester: 8.91-468.41;

• 2nd trimester: 71.51-303.11;

• 3 trimester: 88.71-771.51;

• Postmenopause: up to 0.65.

Usually on the form of the result the laboratory gives its values, which may differ slightly. The concentration of progesterone in the luteal phase at the follicular level indicates that there was no ovulation.

Low levels of hormone can occur in the following cases:

• Lag in the development of the fetus;

• Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation);

• Threat of miscarriage due to poor functioning of the placenta or yellow body;

• Anovulation (absence of ovulation) ;

• Pregnancy overstretch;

• Diseases of the genital organs and bleeding and them.

If progesterone is elevated, then the following conditions are possible:

• Kidney failure;

• ovarian cyst;

• Pathology in the development of the placenta;

• Cycle disorders (amenorrhea);

• Uterine bleeding;

• pregnancy;

• Chorioepithelioma of the ovary;

• Bladder skidding;

• Tumors of testicles, adrenals and ovaries;

• Incorrect formation of hormones in the adrenal glands.

In addition, we must take into account that the level of the hormone is affected by drugs.

The luteal phase lasts about 2 weeks, it begins after ovulation, and ends before the menstruation. That is, when you pass the analysis on day 23 of the cycle, then this is just it. The follicular phase begins with monthly and ends before ovulation, its duration is more individual and determines the length of the entire cycle.

So, the analysis for progesterone is given for the detection of hormonal disorders. Its lack can cause infertility and miscarriage. The level of progesterone varies throughout the cycle, in the follicular phase it is low, and in luteal it increases more than 10 times, which is a sign of ovulation. In different trimesters of pregnancy, its concentration is also different.