Pneumatic pistols: characteristics, device, reviews. Pneumatic pistols are the most powerful without a license

We all heard such concepts as "gas pistol" and "pneumat". However, not everyone knows what is behind these words. Today we will find out how the pneumatic gun works, what kinds of weapons exist, where it is appropriate to use it, and we will analyze several popular models.

Principle of operation

Pneumatic pistols, whose characteristics we are considering today, shoot thanks to the energy of the compressed gas. As a rule, carbon dioxide or air is used. The simplest pneumatic weapon can be called a wind tube, which was used for hunting thousands of years ago. Modern pistols in comparison with her - a miracle of technology, but the basic principles of work have remained unchanged. When the trigger is pressed, the gas is released and transfers its energy to the bullet. In pneumatic weapons, this principle can be implemented in the form of:

1. Systems with pumping.
2. Systems on carbon dioxide.
3. Spring-piston system.

The latter is usually used in rifles, and the first two are used in pistols. About them and talk more.

Pumped system

Pumping can be done manually or with the help of a compressor. Manual pumping is usually used in rifles, but as an exception, it sometimes occurs in pistols. The main feature of this system is that it is necessary to charge the weapon with air after each shot. This is done with the help of a lever, which, when cocked, moves the piston, which fills the special tank with air. The initial speed of a shot from such a weapon can reach 200 m / s.

Compression pumping makes it possible to create a higher pressure in the reservoir. As a consequence, the weapon can shoot without swapping 15-20 times. For pumping, a compressor, a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or a compressed gas cylinder is used. This kind of charging is also called pre-pumping, or PCP. The speed of the bullets at such weapons is slightly higher than that of the one equipped with a manual pumping system.

CO2 systems

This is the most common system in amateur pneumatics. It is easy to use, although more costly. A balloon with carbon dioxide is used as a charge. It is inserted into the corresponding part of the pistol (usually this handle) and punctured to allow the gas to enter the tank. After each shot, the valve supplies a suitable amount of gas from the balloon. The pressure of carbon dioxide can vary with temperature, so the number of shots from one cylinder can vary. The initial speed of the bullet in such systems is on average 120 m / s. For guns, as a rule, 12-gram cans are used.

Having dealt with the principle of operation of pneumatic guns, we turn to their device.

Shock mechanism

It is used in pistols with pumping and the ability to produce several shots. When you pull the trigger, the trigger hits the valve, opening it. Cookies can be open and closed type. Open allows you to carry out a manual platoon.

The trigger energy is transferred to the battle spring, via traction or directly. The spring can be plastic or screw (more common). Between the hammer and the valve stem there can be a hammer. Its back is called a striker. The retention of the spring in the cocked state is possible due to such details as the sear.

Trigger

It is necessary to keep weapons in the state of combat platoon and its descent. The smoothness of the trigger mechanism directly determines the convenience and accuracy of the shooting. There are such triggers:

1. Single action. Before the descent, you need to cock the trigger.
2. Double action. Shooting is done by self-cocking. That is, when the trigger is pulled, the trigger is cocked and strikes the valve without placing it on the intermediate position of the combat platoon.
3. With the possibility of varying the above two modes.

Circuit breakers

A fuse is an integral part of any weapon, except pneumatic pistols. The characteristics of these weapons are far from combat analogues, but it is still dangerous. The fuse can be automatic and non-automatic. The first prevent a shot when cocking the lever, unclosed barrel channel and so on. The second ones are those flags and sliders that we are used to seeing on pistols. As additional equipment to ensure safety in the design of the pistol, the following can be envisaged: leverage from a combat platoon, indications of the armed state of weapons, and so on.

Measuring hoppers

Knowing the basic technical characteristics of pneumatic guns, we can conclude that a very important part of them are gas dosers.

In the classic balloon version, the main elements of the dispenser are a valve and a spring. When the balloon is put in place and clamped, a puncture occurs. As a result, the gas fills the chamber of the dispenser in which the valve is installed. When the trigger strikes the valve stem, the chamber is opened and the gas is released. With the help of a spring, the valve returns to its place, clogging the camera until the next shot. This node is the weak point of most balloon models. Because of its insufficient tightness, the gas quickly leaves the cylinder, even if it does not fire from the pistol. Thus, it is inadvisable to charge the weapon with gas in advance.

Usually, carbonic acid cans are located in the gun shop. Puncture of the balloon can occur in several ways. The most common scheme is with a clamping screw. When the screw is tightened, the balloon is pressed and pierced. The second option is wedge. In this case, the cylinder is pierced only when the store is in its place. There are more sophisticated options, for example, the model "Ataman-1", piercing occurs when you press the barrel (there is a kind of button), a solid surface.

In the case of pumped systems, the role of the secondary valve is played by the pressure inside the reservoir. To ensure that it is constant from shot to shot, special regulating devices are installed.

Trunk

The accuracy and accuracy of shooting largely depends on the trunk. Pneumatics can be smooth-bore and threaded. Pistols, as a rule, have a smooth barrel and shoot round bullets. In smoothbore weapons, the diameter of the barrel corresponds to the caliber. The caliber of pneumatic pistols is very scarce compared to firearms. The most common caliber is 4.5 mm. More rarely you can find a pneumatic pistol 5.5 mm, and even less often - a gun with a caliber of 6.35 mm. Eats and other calibers, but they practically do not occur.

The trunk is usually made of steel. From the accuracy of execution, alignment and straightness of the barrel directly depends the result of the shooting. If the barrel has thin vibrating walls or a movable structure, which is common in inexpensive pistols, the accuracy of shooting falls.

Food

The clip for the pneumatic pistol serves to store bullets and send them to the "chamber". As a rule, pneumatic pistols have a multiply-charged design with automatic bullet dispatch. For the pistols shooting lead bullets, the drums-clips, working on the revolver principle, are used. For weapons that shoot balls, a store is used, which is usually located in the handle, as well as in combat analogs. It is arranged like a pistol for children - a spring-loaded groove with a lock. The capacity of the magazine may vary depending on the model of the gun and its device. It can range from dozens to hundreds of bullets.

Application of pneumatic guns

Unlike a traumatic one, pneumatic weapons do not necessarily oblige the owner to obtain permission. Therefore, many are interested in the question of which pneumatic pistols are the most powerful without a license. From the point of view of the law, it is possible to buy, store and carry pneumatic weapons without proper authorization only if its caliber does not exceed 4.5 millimeters. Apparently, because of this, this caliber and became the most common. A little bit later we will look at specific models, and you will be able to find out which pneumatic pistols are the most powerful. Without a license, you can purchase all of the models that will be considered.

They use such weapons for training and entertainment purposes. For self-defense, pneumatic pistols, the characteristics of which you already know, are unsuitable for at least two reasons. First, the power of the pneumatic is not enough to stop the attacker, especially if it has winter clothes on. An exception can be unless hit in the face. Secondly, most modern pistols have problems with sealing the gas compartment. Therefore, it is useless to carry a loaded pistol, because at the right time it may simply not be gas. Well and to charge a pistol before use, time is necessary. In self-defense, every second is important, so it's not much use from an air gun. At best, he will scare off the attacker due to his resemblance to firearms.

Now that we know the basic technical characteristics of air pistols, we will get acquainted with some popular models.

Мр-654К

The pistol is a pneumatic analog of the notorious Makarov pistol. Moreover, it is made on the basis of a real firearm model. There are rumors that the gun is made of defective firearms. They are confirmed by the fact that in most specimens there are various kinds of defects. Nevertheless, this pistol is very fond of, in the first place, for its appearance.

The technical characteristics of the Makarov pneumatic pistol are as follows: caliber - 4.5 mm; Type of charge - balloon; Store capacity - 13 bullets; The speed of the shot is 110 m / s; Weight - 0,73 kg. A balloon with gas is sufficient for approximately 40 sighting shots.

There are several foreign replicas of the PM pistol, which are similar in characteristics to this model, but are cheaper.

«Ataman M1»

This model is also produced in Russia. It is not a replica of a firearm, but it resembles the legendary "Beretta 92". This gun has a number of important advantages compared to competitors. Firstly, the clip for the Ataman M1 air pistol holds 120 bullets with a caliber of 4.5 mm. The store has a conical shape and is located in the handle. It consists of six longitudinal compartments with 15 bullets each. Secondly, the gun has a unique filling system. It can combine in itself two types: РСР and СО ₂ . In addition, it accommodates just two cylinders of carbon dioxide.

But that is not all. The main advantage of the gun is that it is absolutely airtight. Unlike practically all competitors, Ataman M1 can be in a charged state for months. On the one hand, this allows you to save and relieve yourself of unnecessary hassle, and on the other - to use weapons for self-defense. But the power of the gun, again, does not help.

The main drawback of the gun is its appearance. He is very sympathetic, but many users still want to hold the analog of firearms.

Above we discussed models, the prototype of which was firearms. Now consider a couple of original pistols, which are aimed not at entertaining, but for sports use.

Pneumatic pistol MR-53M

The model differs in that its cocking is performed by breaking the barrel. After each shot, this procedure is repeated. Shoots the gun with lead bullets (not balls), caliber 4,5. Thus, the model can be purchased without registration. However, in view of not very attractive appearance, athletes often buy it.

The second reason is the large size, which does not allow putting in the pocket pneumatic pistol MR-53M. Characteristics of the model also did not become its trump on the market: initial speed - 120 m / s, weight - 1,3 kg, barrel length - 215 mm.

Pneumatic pistol IZh-40

The characteristics and scope of this model are similar to the previous gun. This is also a one-shot "break" caliber of 4.5 mm. The speed of the bullet at the output is 125 m / s, the weight of the gun is 1.31 kg, the length of the barrel is 220 mm.

The last two pistols can not boast of special attractiveness and ease of use, but they shoot much more accurately than entertaining models.

Conclusion

Today we learned what pneumatic pistols are. The characteristics of this weapon make it available to a wide range of buyers. Nevertheless, even with such weapons it is necessary to handle extremely carefully.