Open class in the preparatory group on ecology, mathematics, literacy

In order to deeply reveal such an important and urgent issue as the educational system of the DOW, it is necessary to recall the history of preschool pedagogy.

Theoretical Foundations of Pre-school Teachers

A full open class in the preparatory group is a widely used form of the educational process in the DOW. At one time, the Polish educator Jan Komensky justified the need for classes in the teaching of preschool children.

KD Ushinsky put forward the thesis about the relationship between studies in kindergarten and lessons in primary school. AP Usova developed the fundamentals of raising children in the DOW, and also proved that an open class in the preparatory group helps to develop the child, prepare him for schooling.

Levels of preschool education

Teachers distinguish two basic levels of knowledge, which children are mastered in the DOW.

• The first level is the elementary knowledge acquired by preschool children as a result of communicating with peers, other people, during the game.
• The second level is the knowledge and skills acquired by children in the learning process.

There are also three types of pre-school curriculum that are directly related to the cognitive motivations of children:

• The ability to listen carefully to the information provided in the lesson and follow the instructions of the senior in the course and methods of implementation;
• The ability to assess the work that is done during the thematic lesson in the company of not only the educator but also the peers of the preschooler;
• The ability to achieve the set goals, finding the only true solution for this, or several alternative options, which, with some refinement with the educator, will help achieve the solution of the problem.

The importance of educational activities in the DOW

Any open class in the preparatory group is considered an active means of educating preschool children.

Leading teachers and children's psychologists were studying issues related to the use of classes as the main form of front-line training for preschool children.

In modern pre-school pedagogy (GEF), also an open class in the preparatory group has a positive impact on personal and intellectual development, as well as full-fledged preparation for school.

Forms and methods of employment in the pre-school

During this time, there is a constant improvement of extracurricular activities in various directions: the content of preschool education is constantly becoming more complex and expanding, and effective forms of interrelationship between various activities are being sought. Increasingly, for example, educators try to conduct an open class in the preparatory group on ecology in the form of a game, thereby increasing the interest of the preschoolers in learning.

At present, many educators move from group sessions to work in small groups. Such a tendency allows to improve the quality of education, because with an individual approach, children quickly learn theoretical material and get practical skills.

On current trends in the system of preschool education

Among the new tendencies actively used in pre-school institutions, it is necessary to emphasize the construction of systems of developing classes in different fields. Gradually there is a complication of the tasks offered in the classes, the activities of the educators try to maximize the usual life of preschool children in order to create favorable conditions for the personal and intellectual development of the kids.

What are the forms of preschool education?

It is customary to single out such forms of preschool education:

• Individual;
• Group;
• Frontal.

The DOW has time for extra-curricular activities, individual work with children. Under the content of pre-school education is understood as such activities:

• Sports;
• The subject-play;
• Labor;
• Productive;
• Story-role.

On the structure and characteristics of classes with preschoolers

There are special programs on which the pre-school educators work. The open class in the preparatory group for mathematics under the FGT has a clear structure, it is determined by the specifics and content of the activities of preschool children.

Regardless of such factors, in any additional lesson, there should be three parts that are related to each other by methodology and content, such as the beginning of the event, the course of the session, and the ending.

Session start

Starting an open class in the preparatory group for mathematics, the educator should set up children for the upcoming activities, switch their attention, emotionally adjust the children, clearly explain the essence of the task. Based on these explanations, the children form their own plan of action, they must understand what the task execution algorithm is, and what result should be obtained.

Course of the lesson

The very open class in the preparatory group for the surrounding world (or other discipline) is an independent mental or practical activity of preschool children, which consists in mastering certain skills and knowledge set by the teacher at the beginning of the lesson. This stage of the exercise assumes the individualization of methods and training in full accordance with the specifics of thinking, the rate of assimilation, the level of development of the child. At this stage, calls to preschool children are possible only in emergency cases, when the baby is mistaken. Those preschool children who have attention, good memory, skills to compare, analyze, the teacher should provide minimal assistance.

For example, if an open lesson is held in the preparatory group for the application, it is enough to remind, to send, give advice to the pupil and give him a chance to find a way out of the situation on his own.

End of class

The educator should see the end result of preschoolers' activities in order to assess his growth, the formation of certain skills and abilities. It is desirable that the open class in the preparatory group for the world around be completed by summing up, evaluating the activities of the kids. There is a direct correlation between the age of children, their individual characteristics and the complexity of the teaching tasks assigned to them.

Each part of the lesson in the DOW can have its own specific characteristics, it all depends on the goals set, as well as on the section taken for the session. For example, an open class in the literacy preparatory group pursues a goal such as the correct pronunciation of difficult words, the ability to construct certain sentences. If the teacher uses private methods in his work, they have clear recommendations at each stage of the session, and also suggest reflection.

After the open session in the preparatory group for mathematics is completed, the educator analyzes the development of the program tasks by the children, outlines the plan and content of the subsequent sessions.

The structure of classes in the pre-school presupposes the availability of a test of knowledge, skills, and skills of preschool children. This check is carried out in the course of observing the behavior of children during classes, analyzing the results of their work and the behavior of the kids during the game.

On the classification of classes in kindergartens

Today, a special classification of all activities conducted with children of preschool age is applied. Depending on the didactic task, for example, an open class in the preparatory group on ecology can be divided into the following types:

• Necessary for mastering skills, new knowledge;
• To consolidate existing skills;
• Creative and applied studies;
• Combined classes, conducted to solve different educational problems.

According to the content of knowledge, all occupations in the DOW are supposed to be divided:

• For classical classes, conducted on certain sections of training;
• On integrated lessons, which involve several educational sections.

Any open class in the preparatory group on the topic of space can be considered combined, able to solve different didactic tasks (tell the children about the stars, space exploration, develop their creative abilities).

Concerning the content of classes in the Dow, we note that you can use knowledge from several different fields of activity, so that the child will form a unified view of the world around him. Integrated training fully corresponds to the concept of development of the child's personality. It is planned to conduct classes in the following areas:

• Acquaintance with the outside world;
• Development of speech of preschool children;
• Design and visual activity;
• Music lessons;
• Physical Culture;
• Formation of elementary physical culture.

There are certain requirements for pre-school education programs (GEF), on their basis, and individual development programs for preschool children are created.

In the program of any employment in the DOW should be provided:

• Certain amounts of knowledge about the qualities and properties of objects, their changes, the interrelationships of action algorithms, primary assimilation, extension of knowledge, fixation, and their generalization;
• On the volume of practical skills and skills in the case of training productive forms of activity;
• On the number of skills required for effective learning and cognitive activities, their initial formation and improvement, as well as application.

The size of the educational content in the lesson takes into account the amount of memory, the concentration of attention of preschool children, their mental capacity for work.

Among the various forms of employment in the DOW, a special place is occupied by cognitive excursions. During the excursions, the educator manages to solve both educational and educational problems.