New complete equipment of special forces of the Russian Federation. Comparison of the equipment of special forces of Russia and the United States

"The soldier does not need any extra property!" - these words of the famous song can be the motto of those specialists who are engaged in the development of a complex of funds carried by servicemen in combat situations or in simulations simulating those.

But with all the minimization of soldier's needs, the warrior must have everything necessary to accomplish the task at hand. Especially it concerns the issue of equipping soldiers of those units that are customarily called special. From their actions sometimes too much depends.

It turns out that there is not much need for a special commander. And the further, the more things in combat are necessary.

All these items, each of which can be used at the most acute moment of the battle, are generally called equipment.

Concentrated experience

It could be assumed that the very first item on the list of items needed in combat is given to weapons. This, of course, is so, but machine guns, machine guns, pistols, grenade launchers, flamethrowers and other deadly contraptions are allotted in a completely separate category, and do not belong to the equipment.

But the uniform, shoes, hats, knapsacks, bullet-proof vests, flasks and much more can be designated by this word. A common soldier should be dressed comfortably, according to the time of year and the climatic zone in which the service takes place. But there are special troops. About them also there will be a speech.

Of course, the special elite units of any army relies on rigging, corresponding to the complexity of the tasks performed. Spetsnaz's outfit is the materialized concentrated military experience of mankind, accumulated over many centuries in conjunction with the latest technological achievements.

Suvorov's outfit

In ancient times, troops transported everything necessary in the convoys that followed the army columns. Foragers, markutants and other heroes of the military supply carried out a difficult mission of obtaining and delivering everything without which the army can not wage war. Soldiers on the march, as a rule, carried weapons, some ammunition and a knapsack or sack, in which were placed simple military possessions. During the Suvorov campaigns, the Russian army, which had a special mobility, applied a slightly different approach. The soldier should have with himself everything necessary for survival and even assistance to a comrade in trouble. Weight went out a lot, but the principle of increased autonomy as a whole justified itself. The outfit of the special forces of Russia is formed taking into account the continuity of this tradition.

Special forces of the war years

Modern equipment even the most ordinary soldier is much more functional than equipping a warrior of World War II, Korean, Vietnamese, Afghan and most other wars of the twentieth century. In the USSR, the matter of military supply was treated rather simplistically, considering (and not without reason) that our soldier is so good, and will give odds to anyone else simply due to his stamina, unpretentiousness and readiness for inconvenience. Yes, the Soviet Army really did not have carbide lamps (formerly in the backpack of every German soldier), toilet paper, condoms and many other unnecessary items in combat. In the rucksack there were spare footcloths, change of linen, a few biscuits and suhpay (if the supplyers rasstaralsya), as well as sung by the poets "letters from the mother and a handful of native land." But even during the difficult war years, the special forces equipment took into account special, complicated combat conditions, special footwear and light clothing found in it, in which the heat was cold and cold in the heat. After all, a front-line scout or saboteur was most often faced with a long, dangerous path along enemy lines. Each gram was on the account, each kilocalorie of food is contrary. And still needed stealth and noiselessness.

The main requirement for equipping a scout-saboteur in the war years was not her convenience, but the ability to mask a fighter on the ground. The scientific approach to this issue was still only being formed, but certain developments already existed.

Intelligence Service of the postwar era

In the post-war years, attention to ammunition issues only increased. Since Stalin's times, a number of intelligence services have been created in the USSR, each of which had its own departments independent of each other. Such organization of information support of the country's leadership, despite departmental disunity, is fully justified. You can compare information obtained from different sources, and draw conclusions about their reliability. Today it is difficult to judge which of the agencies was the most effective, but there is no doubt that along with the all-powerful State Security Committee, the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense contributed to the defense of the Motherland on invisible fronts. Each of these services, modestly called competent, had special units. The requirements for their employees were not just high, they can be called unique. And, of course, the country supplied them with everything necessary to carry out especially important tasks. The outfit of the spetsnaz of the Soviet intelligence services was created in secret institutions, and the advisers in them served as experienced saboteurs who had gone through more than one war.

Glavrazdrup

An army intelligence officer can work abroad illegally, under diplomatic cover or without him. In this case, he walks in a good civil suit, speaks the language of the country in which he lives, and without an accent, and tries in everything to look like her ordinary citizen. Soviet scouts were even forbidden to wear sunglasses in order not to correspond in any way to the cinematic image of the "red spy". It's another matter if such an officer performs a special mission during the fighting. The outfit of the GRU special forces, depending on the climatic conditions and the nature of the tasks, was completed in different ways. For example, in the tropics an indispensable piece of clothing was the so-called "net", woven from a special rope. Mosquitoes, mosquitoes and other bloodsucking insects, even piercing their clothes with their stings, could not reach them to the skin, and the air layer contributed to a better heat exchange. The shoes were also special, with a heel on the toe, in order to mislead potential pursuers (of course, not very experienced ones) about the direction of the movement. The outfit of the GRU special forces included a special sabot of a saboteur, in the tailoring of which all ergonomic requirements were taken into account on the basis of the rich experience of army intelligence.

What else is meant by the word "equipment"?

No bad weather, there are inappropriate clothes. This English proverb is also suitable for the uniform of special forces. Spetsnaz's outfit, however, is not just jackets, boots and pants. Conditionally it is divided into several functional sections, although many of them overlap. So, for example, "survival knife" can be attributed to weapons, and to the means of protection, and to special elements. In addition to clothing, equipment of Russian special forces and special units of other countries includes means of protection, communication, navigation, life support, as well as a first aid kit, satellite and special devices. Some of these outfitting groups should be considered separately.

Vietnamese experience

In Vietnam, Americans for the first time put on a Kevlar body armor. Movies about these tragic sixties, both documentary and artistic, indicate that the usual "Ji-ai" wore a cotton dirty-green uniform and metal helmets, sometimes covered with cloth or mesh covers, so as not to glare in the sun. The American special forces equipment was more complex and sophisticated. The uniform had a spotted camouflage coloring, the bulletproof vest was protected from fire damage means, the "green berets" had individual communication means (ISS), which helped to better coordinate the actions of units.

Helmet

The helmet, which since World War I was accustomed to, was originally designed to protect the soldier's head from saber blows and stone debris, and not from bullets or splinters. The first attempt to give it the ability to resist the impact of small arms is associated with the world-known "horns" of the German helmet. On them the German inventors planned to mount additional armor plates. The helmet did not take a bullet, but the cervical vertebrae did not survive the blow, and the soldier still perished. Modern equipment for special forces includes a helmet made, usually made of heavy-duty polymer, it is much lighter and more convenient than metal. The most sophisticated at the moment, experts consider the American helmet Op Score, which takes into account the possibility of wearing protective eyewear (also an indispensable attribute at the moment) and the headset of the radio with the microphone. This helmet has attachments for an infrared night vision device and other gadgets. Its replicas are known (for example, the Russian "Armakom").

Footwear

The outfit of Russian special forces during the Afghan war left much to be desired. Comfortable pants and sandy jackets were a good solution in the southern climatic conditions, but shoes (boots or heavy boots) in the mountains were inadequate, and special forces soldiers were more likely to wear normal sports shoes, sneakers and sneakers on combat missions. Unfortunately, the issue of special shoes has not been fully resolved even today, although there are already good models, light and durable, (for example, the Russian manufacturer Faraday is very good).

American "ACS"

The outfit of the special forces of Russia has become more perfect in recent years, but for the time being it is not fully satisfying the servicemen either in terms of quality or quantity. In this area the Americans have gone far ahead, the model of the field outfit developed by the firm CRYE ACU does not hamper movements, has ergonomic pockets. In general, it is just the right way to fight. Sewn knee pads and elbow pads are very successful, and hardly inflammable textile materials are used.

Standing collar tightly encircles the neck, not letting dust fall under the jacket. Pockets sewn at an angle, so that it would be more convenient to get them hidden objects.

To fighters of the Russian special forces such forethought to liking. Our uniform is sewed taking into account foreign experience.

Russian analogues

It should be noted that the US defense budget is several times higher than the funding allocated to the RF Ministry of Defense. To date, the US equipment of special forces seems to be the most convenient and universal, but it costs accordingly. Nevertheless, the military personnel of the special purpose units of the RA do the purchases themselves, knowing that the success of the operation, and sometimes even their life itself, depends on the equipment.

Thus, the best fit for our conditions is the uniform of the American cut "ACS" (in the translation "army combat uniform") in the coloring "surpate", designed by Russian designers, taking into account the color range corresponding to our climate. "Multikamovy" camouflage was created in the USA for mountain-desert conditions.

Unloading

Modern complete equipment of special forces is impossible without the main means of bulletproofing - bulletproof vest. It consists of two main types of elements, armored plates and a cover containing them, a kind of "sleeveless jacket" with large pockets on the back and chest. In addition, the bulletproof vest serves for fastening pouches, additional equipment and accessories. The fighter knows in what department he has what lies, it is convenient for him to get in the battle automatic stores, grenades and other necessary things.

Special-purpose "fashion"

It is difficult even for an uninitiated viewer to guess how complex the special forces are. A photo of soldiers of special purpose units amazes with a lot of hinged pouches, built-in technical means and devices. Basically, all this is fixed on the so-called "unloading", releasing the hand and reducing the weight of the knapsack, and at the same time protecting the fighter. According to the latest "fashion", it should be modular, that is, it should consist of several functional elements.

What will be the new spetsnaz equipment? Maybe Russian inventors and designers will be able to surprise the whole world with their achievements in this area as well?