"Nalbufin": instruction, description, composition, reviews

It hurts ... It hurts ... There is not a single person who does not say these words. When something hurts, all other problems go to the background. The most important and important thing at this moment is to make it so that discomfort disappears.

Modern pharmacy is ready to offer its customers a huge list of painkillers with a variety of principles of action. Nalbuphine is one such medication. The instruction regulates it as an agonist and antagonist of opioid receptors, narcotic analgesic, included in the list of the third list of narcotic drugs.

Composition and pharmacodynamics

The main active ingredient of Nalbuphin is nalbuphine hydrochloride. The drug is an analgesic group of opioids (drugs that exert an influence on the human body, similar to the effect of opium). On the principle of action of the drug "Nalbuphin" instructions for use says the following: the main active substance inhibits the transmission of pain impulses between neurons of the nervous system. The drug stimulates the higher parts of the brain, thereby changing the emotional perception of pain.

The influence of Nalbuphin on the human body is comparable to that of Morphine. Nalbuphine hydrochloride stimulates the vomiting center, is able to suppress conditioned reflexes, has a calming effect. The medication suppresses the respiratory center, however, in a much smaller volume than Morphine, Promedol or Fentanyl.

Form release and dosing regimen

Producers offer their customers a drug in ampoules "Nalbuphin 10" and "Nalbuffin 20". In each ampoule - 1 ml of medicament. The first (Nalbuphin 10) is packed in a pack of 10 ampoules, the second one - by 5. Nalbuphin (solution) instructions for use, medical staff's recommendations recommend appointing according to strictly individual scheme, depending on body weight, acuity of pain, accompanying Diseases.

The medication can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. A single dose for an adult can be from 100 μg to 1 mg per kg of body weight. The initial dose for a child is not more than 300 μg per 1 kg of body weight. The frequency of medication depends on the overall clinical picture. The treatment course should not last more than 3-4 days, since the drug is narcotic, and with a longer admission, it is possible to become addictive.

Indications for the appointment of "Nalbufina"

"Nalbuphin" instructions for use recommends taking with severe pain syndromes, which can be associated with a postoperative period, with gynecological surgeries, in the treatment of heart attacks and neoplasms.

Also, the drug is widely used in the case of prednarkoznoy premedication (preliminary drug preparation of the patient for general anesthesia and surgical intervention). Actually, the main purpose of this procedure is to reduce the level of anxiety in the patient and increase the action of medication for anesthesia. In fact, this is the main area of application of nalbuphine hydrochloride.

Who should refrain from taking?

"Nalbuphine" instruction, reviews and recommendations of specialists forbid to take patients with severe hypersensitivity to the main active ingredient. It is inadmissible to use a medicament to treat patients suffering from various kinds of liver and kidney diseases. This is due to the fact that Nalbuphin is metabolized in the liver. In its original form, the drug is excreted in the urine (up to 70%), in the form of derivatives is excreted with bile.

Do not prescribe the drug to patients with alcohol and drug dependence. Without acute need, it is not recommended to use a medication to treat children. Since Nalbuphin influences the higher centers of the brain, it is not recommended to use it in the therapy of emotionally unstable patients (for psychoses, depression, etc.).

Side effect of "Nalbufina"

"Nalbuphin", the use of which is conditioned by the narcotic effect on the human body, can cause certain side effects on the part of different systems and organs. Thus, the cardiovascular system is able to respond to the use of the drug by the development of tachycardia, arrhythmia, fluctuations in blood pressure.

From the side of the nervous system, there may be headaches, severe sedation (apathy), euphoria. Possible such mental manifestations as hyperactivity, increased anxiety. The gastrointestinal tract can remind of itself the manifestation of dyspepsia (various kinds of digestive disorders).

In some cases, the drug "Nalbuphin" (the instruction contains special instructions) is capable of causing a wide variety of allergic reactions (anaphylactic shock including).

Well, as mentioned earlier, Nalbuphine is a narcotic drug, so it can cause rapid addiction.

Exceeding the permissible dose

Dosage of the medication is strictly individual, for each patient the dose is selected depending on the general condition, acuity of pain, weight, etc. Independent application of it without the supervision of a doctor can lead to an overdose of the drug. In this case, as a rule, the following symptoms are observed: oppression of the central nervous system, drowsiness, dysphoria (antonym from "euphoria", painfully low mood, manifested in irritability, hostility to others, ease of aggression, frequent affective outbreaks). Overdose can cause disturbances in the work of the respiratory center.

Treatment consists in the use of an antidote (for Nalbuphin, like for most opioids, it is Naloxone), gastric lavage and symptomatic therapy.

The future mothers ...

In pregnancy, Nalbuphin can only be prescribed if there are strict indications. With great precautions prescribe a medication for premature birth and in those cases when there is a suspicion of immaturity of the fetus. Such actions are connected with the fact that "Nalbufin" freely crosses the placental barrier and can provoke a respiratory depression in a newborn.

It is also very cautious to use the medication while breastfeeding, although Nalbuphine is excreted in mother's milk in small doses that are not clinically important (less than 1% of the amount of medication administered). And nevertheless, there is no need to endanger the child without serious reasons.

Special instructions

Solution for injections containing 10 mg / ml of nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nalbuphine Pharmex) recommends that the instruction be very carefully applied in case of respiratory failure, as it is able to reduce the volume of minute breath to 25%. Under the control of the doctor, there should be patients taking Nalbuphine and suffering from uremia and severe depletion, as well as elderly people.

For patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, the drug is carefully and strictly individually dosed. It should be possible to quickly stop the introduction of Nalbuphin for this category of patients.

With precautions prescribe the drug to people with skull injuries, since there is a possibility of development of the process of respiratory depression. It is highly undesirable to combine the use of Nalbuphin with other analgesics, in connection with the possible weakening of the effect of anesthesia.

Under constant monitoring of the doctor and in reduced doses, the drug is used against the background of narcosis drugs, hypnotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants and antipsychotics. This "neighborhood" can provoke excessive oppression of the central nervous system and inhibit the activity of the center of respiration.

With caution, Nalbuphine is prescribed for outpatient admission to patients who drive vehicles, or those whose work is associated with the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Price range

The price range is quite wide for Nalbuphin. Instructions for use, the price of the medicinal product is evidence that the medication is in demand among consumers. Moreover, the analgesic has established itself as an effective drug in medical workers. It is quite possible to buy the drug "Nalbuphin 20" (5 ampoules) in pharmacies in Russia for the amount ranging from 620 to 810 rubles. "Nalbufin 10" will cost from 650 to 690 rubles (a package of 10 ampoules).

In some pharmacies, you can see the sale of Nalbuphine in a syringe (10 mg / 1 ml), intended for a one-time injection. The cost of such a form of output fluctuates around 160 rubles.

Interaction with other medicines

As mentioned earlier, Nalbuphin (the instruction contains information of this kind) together with antidepressants, tranquilizers, neuroleptics, hypnotics, narcosis drugs, antihistamine medications with sedative effect, ethanol increases the depressing effect on the central nervous system. The use of analgesic in parallel with derivatives of penicillin and phenothiazine can provoke an increase in nausea and vomiting.

"Naloxone" (antidote) will reduce the effect of the effects of opioid analgesics and, consequently, reduce the process of respiratory depression and CNS activity provoked by Nalbuphin.

"Naltrexone" will significantly accelerate the emergence of withdrawal symptoms on the background of drug addiction ("in all its glory" the symptoms may appear even after 5 minutes after the administration of the drug, will last up to 48 hours). Symptomatic is very persistent, it is difficult to eliminate.

Opinion of consumers and health workers

Patients talk about "Nalbuphine" as a fairly effective medication in the period after surgical interventions, with oncological diseases. Although side effects are also manifested often enough and are usually expressed in headaches, drowsiness, apathy, digestive disorders. According to medical professionals, "Nalbuphin" (instruction, composition of the medication, the principle of exposure described above) is a good analgesic for serious enough diseases associated with severe pain.

There is another category of drug users - drug addicts. Here, the discussion and feedback are reduced to the question of whether the action of Nalbufina and Morfina is similar. From all that this group of consumers says, one can conclude that Nalbuphin is attractive for drug addicts (the instruction is not taken into account by such patients). The drug is cheap (relatively hard drugs), it can be bought in almost any pharmacy, however, according to the prescription. However, according to them, "the buzz is ridiculous, but the breaking is real."

From all of the above, it can be concluded that "Nalbuphine" is, of course, a very effective analgesic. However, it is sold only by prescription - and this is correct. Since the dose and regimen chosen individually by the doctor in charge are the guarantee that the effect of the drug on the patient's body will be positive, and the risk of side effects will be minimal.