Mushrooms are twins: summer, autumn and others

Long ago people knew what poisonous mushrooms are, by their own example, making sure which mushrooms can be cooked and which ones should be avoided. The latter include mushrooms twins: summer, autumnal or mildew pale. Many famous people (willingly or unwillingly) became victims of poisoning with mushrooms.

The scientists tried to learn the nature of the poisonous action of plants at all times. Assumed that they collect all the negative from the environment and accumulate it. Many scientists, such as Pliny, adhered to this hypothesis. Only in the XX century, with the development of chemistry, scientists were able to establish what kind of death-threatening force for people forces people to leave our world, having tasted such seemingly innocent dish as mushrooms.

The three main groups of toxins contain fungi twins: spring summer, fly agaric, toadstool and other species.

The first group causes indigestion. Lunch with a mushroom dish ends with mild ailment and in rare cases, only with an individual intolerance, a hospital. Already for half an hour (less than an hour later) all symptoms become apparent, and then pass for three to six days. This group includes the satanic mushroom, caustic mellifits, some russules, mushrooms twins summer or autumn mushrooms (if they are not properly cooked), raincoats false, other species.

Group Two contains a more dangerous type of toxin - muscarin, which was originally discovered in 1869 in red fly agarics, and then found in other poisonous mushrooms. This toxin causes serious disorders of human health. The pupils of the eyes narrow, the breath and pulse slow down, the person becomes covered with sweat, tears flow from the eyes. Timely assistance provided will be able to put the victim on their feet in a day or two. Such mushrooms are much more dangerous than mushrooms-twigs sponges of summer or autumn.

Further studies of mushroom and other poisonous fungi have shown that food poisoning is only a superficial manifestation of the action of the poison. It also has a psychotropic effect on the body. The search led to the discovery of three more active substances. They were muscason, zhentenic acid and muscimol. They lead a person to a strong arousal, a paralytic stage and deep sleep. The lack of timely assistance can result in the fact that a person will not wake up. Therefore, at the first signs of poisoning with mushrooms, you need to urgently consult a doctor. Compared with such poisonings, mushrooms twins summer or autumn frosts are not dangerous.

The third group is represented by toxins that are deadly to humans even in small doses. Such toxins contain pale toadstools, some kinds of lines, fly agarics spring and smelly, spider webs orange-red and others. These mushrooms do not show themselves during the day, or even two, after they were bitten. The man had lunch - and everything seems to be fine. But the black matter of toxins has already begun, and the most dangerous thing is that the changes that they produce in the body often become irreversible when doctors can no longer help. Mushrooms twins fall or fall summer will not produce in the body such destructive actions.

Severe vomiting accompanied by diarrhea (diarrhea) leads to dehydration of the body, causes thickening of the blood, strong thirst. After the vomiting, temporary relief may come, but the internal organs are damaged (their destruction begins after half an hour, as a person has tasted poisonous mushrooms, apparently not showing any signs) and are so damaged that the process is not reversible. If you do not notice the emerging discomfort before vomiting and diarrhea, do not provide medical help, then it's impossible to save a person.
 

How to look dangerous mushrooms twins, summer or autumn

Conjugate falsehoods usually do not lead to death, but they can be poisoned, and therefore one needs to "know them in person" in order to distinguish them from the present one and not take a mushroom that leads to food poisoning. Edible mushrooms are honey agarics growing in the summer, they are called summer ones, as well as autumn ones. Toxic are firearms, brick red and sulfur yellow. The plates on the inside of the mushroom's cap are real, edible always at the beginning of the growth of cream color, then a little brown, but they never turn dark.

The color of the plates of the false ones is greenish-olive and dark with a spore powder. The color of the discs may be dirty yellow, but the most distinctive feature is the dark color of the spore powder. He will immediately show you that the mushrooms on or near the stump, growing up by the group - are not edible, but false hives.
 

How not to poison the mushrooms and how to provide help

First of all, never take unknown fungi, as well as wormy or overripe. The origin of one of their dangerous toxins has not yet been identified, but it is believed that it is contained in overripe and decaying mushrooms. It is important, what kind of mushrooms the person has poisoned, save the cleaning or trimming, so that you can establish the type of toxin.

With any signs or suspicions of poisoning, put the patient in bed, do not give tea or coffee. Only salted water. Alcoholic drinks accelerate the process of absorption of toxins into the blood. Immediately call for medical help, every extra minute can be the last for the person.