Morphology of spermogram: disorders and improvement of indices

The morphology of the spermogram is an analysis that determines the exact and numerical values of the sperm content in the ejaculate, which have a natural structure and are capable of fertility (fertilization).

What are these tests for?

As a result spermogrammy you can find out about the state of health of a man, to detect prostatitis and infectious diseases. If the conception has been planned for a long time, but so far there are no results, the reasons will help to know the study of the ejaculate on the number of spermatozoa. If there is infertility, then the results of spermogram will help a specialist to prescribe effective therapy. Indication for the survey:

• Childlessness of a couple; Sperm delivery for analysis is used to confirm or eliminate infertility in the spouses due to the lack of fertilization in men;
• Vasectomy (bandaging of the vas deferens) - after such an operation, its effectiveness is monitored; In the ejaculate there must be no sperm;
• Sperm donation is allowed only by the results of such a test;
• Cryoconservation of ejaculate (low-temperature preservation).

How to donate sperm for analysis

On the instructions of the World Health Organization, the process of sperm delivery should be carried out with the help of masturbation, and not by stopping sexual intercourse or by another method. The test (spermogram) is given in a specially designated room for this in the laboratory. The door in the room is covered from the inside by the patient himself. To surrender the ejaculate was made without difficulties, in the office you can use erotic magazines. There are some requirements:

• Prepare for the analysis should be 3-4 days;
• It is necessary to reduce physical loads for 7-14 days before the study of the ejaculate;
• Refrain from sexual contact 3-7 days before sperm delivery;
• A week not to take hot baths, and also not to go to the sauna;
• Do not drink alcohol, drugs or smoke;
• 2-3 weeks before the examination, stop taking medication, dietary supplements, if necessary, consult a doctor who prescribed a spermogram.

Secondary surrender of the test of ejaculate suggests following the same rules. To properly evaluate the results, it is required to take the material repeatedly. If, as a result of the first analysis, the specialist said that it is unsuccessful, then do not be upset. The morphology of the spermogram made repeatedly can differ in very different characteristics. Their change can affect the interpretation of the transcript of the study.

Method of obtaining the material

All the male ejaculate is transmitted for examination. There are laboratories that accept a condom that holds a male seed for analysis. From the beginning of the receipt of the material to the time of its testing should not take more than 3 hours, otherwise the long-awaited result will be unreliable. The sample itself should ideally be obtained directly in the laboratory. The seed is immediately sent for examination of the spermogram.

Which indicators are normal

How is the ejaculate analyzed? The laboratory performs micro- and macroscopic examination of sperm, as well as special tests that give the opportunity to talk about the presence of inflammatory processes of the male sexual system or the causes of infertility. What are the macroscopic indicators of ejaculate?

1. The correct spermogram is when the normal volume of the material is from 2 to 5 ml, if less, then there may be oligospermia. The cause of a reduced amount may be an inflammatory malaise of the prostate, because 2/3 of the volume of the ejaculate in this case is mucus.
2. The acidity of the sperm is determined by an additional test strip, where the saturation of hydrogen ions is manifested. At normal rates it should be 7,6-8. Acid reaction can be noted if there is inflammation of the testicles or prostate.
3. The period of sperm dissolution. Usually, after ejaculation, the ejaculate has a viscous consistency, and then for 15 minutes its liquefaction takes place. The increase in this period indicates a reduced ability of sperm to fertilize the egg.
4. Color. The correct spermogram assumes that the material is white. Golden-green and yellow staining of ejaculate speaks of inflammation of the organs of the genitourinary system. Colorless seed indicates a decrease in the number of spermatozoa.

Disturbances in the structure of spermatozoa

In assessing the morphology of spermatozoa specialists can observe such defects of spermatozoa as:

• Anomalous head shape;
• Absence of chromosome;
• Irregular tail shape;
• Presence of vacuolar erythrocytes in the head;
• Inflection and thickening of the tail.

It is important to know that an insignificant number of unhealthy sperm in the evaluation of the result is not considered a violation. However, the correct diagnosis can be made only by the attending physician.

Poor morphology of spermogram: causes

The main factors that can worsen the quality of ejaculate:

• Constant use of alcohol and smoking;
• Poor nutrition;
• Large physical exertion;
• Taking drugs;
• Close underwear;
• Varicocele;
• Frequent contact with various chemical poisonous agents;
• Experiences and stresses;
• Malaise of the genitourinary system (urethritis, prostatitis);
• passive lifestyle;
• Regular trips to the sauna;
• Available sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis).

What examinations need to take place

Before the start of any measure aimed at changing the morphology of spermatozoa, you should undergo a complete andrological analysis, which includes the following actions:

• A blood test for hormones;
• Ultrasound of the prostate, as well as organs of the scrotum (dopplerography);
• Bacterioscopic test of ejaculate.

In addition, the expanded mobility of the spermogram is studied. When all these examinations are completed and the results are in the hands of the patient, the specialist will be able to identify the causes of the formation of existing anomalies and draw up a course of therapy. Treatment will be directed primarily to the exclusion of factors leading to the course of pathological processes.

How to improve the morphology of the spermogram

To improve the quality and number of spermatozoa, you need to lead a healthy and active lifestyle. It is also necessary to eliminate the effects of the causes listed above.

It is necessary to use more products that improve the quality of sperm. It:

• pumpkin seeds;
• Raisins, prunes, dried apricots;
• Bran from wheat;
• Natural honey;
• Red meat (beef, veal);
• seafood;
• Greens (coriander, parsley, celery);
• Bakery products from wholemeal flour;
• Leguminous crops.

Moreover, doctors advise men to eat food containing ascorbic (fruits, vegetables) and folic acid.

Vitamins

Noticeably increase the vitality and vigor of zinc sperm cells (it promotes increased sexual activity and potency, and also accelerates the generation of testosterone) and vitamin C (improves blood flow). As for zinc, it is in considerable doses contained in pumpkin oil, oatmeal, legumes, buckwheat, liver. Vitamin C itself can be found in hips, citrus fruits and black currants. How to improve the morphology of the spermogram is now certain for everyone.

You should know that in no time you can not self-medicate, and also take both partners ascorbic acid without consulting a doctor. After all, only he can choose the required dose, given the existing diseases and contraindications in the patient.

Positively affects the quality of the ejaculate and folic acid, which establishes the formation of spermatozoa. Experts prescribe this medication somewhere 3-4 months before the planned conception. To improve the test (the spermogram in this case is meant) can also use vitamin A - it takes part in the production of sex hormones and accelerates the production of sperm.

If we talk about vitamins belonging to group B, then they contribute to the production of testosterone and make it possible to increase the activity of spermatozoa. And vitamin E, while maintaining an appropriate degree of production of sex hormones, increases the capacity for fertilization, reducing the number of abnormal spermatozoa. As for trace elements, man's reproductive system is affected by selenium. So, his absence can cause the formation of infertility. In addition, an important role is played by arginine and magnesium.

Varieties of drug groups

To the morphology of the spermogram was with good results, you can take some medications:

• Homeopathic solutions;
• biologically active additives;
• Medicament means, based on natural substances.

Medications

For today, you can hear a lot of good reviews about such drugs as:

• Vitamins "Gerimax";
• "Tribestan";
• Wobenzym;
• Viardo;
• "Speman";
• Candles "Vitaprost";
• Tenteks forte;
• Different types of biostimulators (based on Eleutherococcus, Ginseng and Schisandra);
• Hebel medicines ("Ubihinon compositum", "Testis compoitum", "Coenzyme");
• "Profertil";
• Spermaplant.

All these drugs are taken only in consultation with the doctor.

Probability of natural fertilization

Not always the deteriorated morphology of the spermogram is an indicator of infertility in men, but any pathology can have an adverse effect on the ability to conceive. The higher the number of spermatozoa with a disturbed structure in the ejaculate, the less the possibility of fertilization and the development of a full pregnancy. For example, if the structure of the tail of the male sex cell is disturbed, the motility of the sperm is significantly reduced. This makes it difficult for him to access the egg. If there is a pathology of the head, then the results are the same - inability to conceive. Such spermatozoa can not get into the egg. If this still happens, then usually the formation of the fetus is accompanied by anomalies, and a pregnant woman may have a miscarriage at first.