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Making a wooden staircase with your own hands: drawings. Technology of manufacturing of wooden stairs

Modern country cottages are rarely single-storey, they basically have two or three floors, if in the construction of only one floor, then it is complemented by an attic.

Need to use stairs

In these cases, there is a need for quality movement between floors. The most successful solution will be the manufacture of a wooden staircase, with which you can even provide lifting of heavy items of furniture or equipment. Carrying out of such works can not be called a simple process, if it is possible to order a project, then experts advise to do so. However, if you have carpentry skills and are completely confident in your abilities, then you can start making the designs yourself.

The components of the wooden staircase

In order to understand how to make stairs yourself, you must first deal with the structural features of the product and its main parts. Thus, Kosow is a load-bearing beam, which is designed to support the risers and steps from below. It is this element that has all the load. Manufacturing of screw wooden stairs involves the use of the string, which is necessary for performing the support-bearing function. In this element there are recesses into which the steps should be connected with their end part. A bowstring is not as preferable as a kosour, for the reason that it is not capable of undergoing heavy loads. Even if the staircase adjoins the wall, they still try to make it on the Kosovra. Steps are wooden beams, which have treads and risers as part of the tread. The former are located horizontally, while the latter are vertical. On the surface of the tread, a person will step with his feet. Whereas the riser is a vertical beam located below the step. It protects the space and supports the construction. Often, staircases are made without the use of a riser, in which case the space will remain free, the leg will not rest, but the design in this case is not so reliable and durable.

For reference

If you make wooden stairs for the house, then you should take into account the fact that the steps can be radii, rectangular, which looks very nice. Sometimes they are rotated at some angle to replace the separation pad. If you want your staircase to look attractive, then you should choose a handrail, which is represented by handrails and balusters. Their size and shape can be completely different. As a rule, these components are made to order in the form that the consumer wants to see.

If the design of the ladder assumes the presence of more than one march, then a pillar is used in the manufacture, which is sometimes replaced by pillars in those places where the ladder turns.

Tread width

The manufacture of wooden stairs with their own hands, the drawings of which you can prepare yourself or entrust the matter to professionals, provides the correct definition of the width of the tread. According to the rules, the minimum width of the tread should be 22 centimeters, as for the maximum value, it varies from 37 to 40 centimeters. If this number is less, then it will be problematic to go down, if more, then the step will be lost.

Choice of construction

Manufacturing of a wooden ladder should begin with a choice of design features of a product. It is important to take into account how much free space you have. Consideration should be given to aesthetic considerations. If to speak conditionally, then all the stairs can be subdivided into marching and screw, the latter variety is used quite rarely, mainly in those cases when the room is extremely limited free space. Among other things, spiral staircases are not very functional. If there is a need to bring heavy furniture, then it will be extremely difficult. It can serve solely for the ascent or descent of one person.

What you need to know the master

To carry out the manipulation of the fabrication, it will be necessary to carry out rather complicated calculations, since the support will occur on one pole, or more precisely, the support. The manufacture of a wooden ladder can be carried out on the basis of the march construction, which is the most common. The structure includes stair flights, steps and platforms, which are separated by a march.

Material preparation

The manufacture of a wooden staircase must begin with the purchase of lumber. To produce oblique or bowstring you need a bar, the cross section of which is 50 x 250 millimeters. The minimum width is 150 millimeters, which is true for the case when the design allows.

For the manufacture of the riser, beams should be purchased, the minimum thickness of which should be 25 millimeters, and a more massive material can be used. For treads, beams from 30 to 40 millimeters are best suited. The technology of manufacturing wooden stairs provides for compliance with certain rules. Thus, you can order balusters and handrails from the manufacturer or purchase in the finished form. Some experts do it on their own, but this is quite difficult, for this you need to have some equipment and experience.

Installation of socks and bowstring

If you will manufacture a wooden ladder, the beam acquired for Kosovars must be cut from below and from above in such a way that the required length of the ladder is obtained. After that, the bottom should be cut off the thickness of one tread, which is 5 centimeters. By calculating the number of tears, you can not take into account the thickness of the steps. It is not so important for the design, except for the first stage, its height should be increased by the thickness of the tread. Wooden staircases, the manufacture of which you can produce, provide for sawing the opening in the kosour for the steps. On the building corner you should note the height of the approach, and after - the width of the tread, from this value it is necessary to take away 4 centimeters. Now, with a pencil, you need to transfer the markup to the inner base of the beam. The master should saw off unnecessary, for which it is best to use a saw or electric jig saw. However, if such tools are not available, then a manual saw can be used. If you decide to make a wooden staircase with your own hands, then you need to put the kosur on the place where the staircase will be located. Its upper edge should rest against the overlapping, and the lower edge - on the floor of the first floor. Next, you should analyze how horizontally the cuts for the steps are located.

Nuances of works

Kosourov will need two, but depending on the loads that the ladder must undergo, there may be more of them. In this case, you will need to prepare the rest, using the first as a template. The entire surface must be treated with sandpaper. If necessary, the outer edges need to be treated with a router, making them rounded, so the design will look more aesthetic.

Above and below, Kosovars should be connected with a beam between them. For what you should cut them a quarter above and below. To a thick beam, fixings should be made using anchor bolts. If possible, it is necessary to fix the Kosowra to the walls, while also needing to apply anchors. When using one bowstring, cut it in such a way that it has the desired length. After the inside you need to make a drink with a milling cutter, making holes that will become grooves for setting the steps. To the surface of the wall the bowstring is fixed by anchors. The master must analyze how well the kosour and bowstring are on the other hand, they should be on the same level, only this way one will be able to exclude the slope of the steps.

Installation of the riser and step

Wooden staircases, the manufacture of which you can build yourself, suggest a tight fixation of the Kosovars, once these manipulations have been carried out, you can proceed with the installation of the riser. To do this, the beam must be sawn to the desired number of risers of the required length. These elements should be leveled against each other, and after sanding. Mounting should be carried out to the scoop with self-tapping screws, installing them from the front side. The holes can then be puttied or hidden using decorative elements. Some specialists use special glue for this. When the risers are installed, it will be possible to proceed to the steps. To do this, you need to saw the beam for the number of steps that you need. After that, the workpieces are milled. Then these elements are installed on top of the risers and fixed with screws, which are sometimes replaced by screws. If you use a string on one side, the tread must be inserted into the groove, which is cut out in the string. The edge of the stage will need to be smeared beforehand, as well as the holes in the string.

Recommendations of specialists

The manufacture and installation of wooden stairs can be made by any home craftsman, but at the same time one should be guided by technology. Balusters should be installed on a step, and after fixed with a 100 mm long stud, the thickness of the fasteners should be 8 millimeters. From above are installed and fixed with the help of self-tapping screws. On this we can assume that the work is completed, it will only be necessary to paint the ladder. This will save the wood, highlighting its natural beauty. Quite often, specialists use transparent varnish coatings. So the product will look more natural. If the interior assumes the availability of appropriate items, the ladder will fit harmoniously into the space.

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