Lermontov's works. Lermontov Mikhail Yurievich: creativity

M. Yu. Lermontov - a famous Russian classic, who was one of the most brilliant and gifted poets, prose writers, playwrights of a romantic direction. All of Lermontov's works of art are extraordinarily lyrical, superbly composed and easily perceived by the reader. His literary work was greatly influenced by such world values as DG Byron and AS Pushkin.

Pedigree

The name of Lermontovs has its roots from a native of Scotland George Lermont, who served with the Polish king, who was captured during the siege of the White Fortress. He moved to the detachments of the Moscow troops. And already since 1613, he was in the service of the Sovereign of Russia, and for his faithful service he received land in Galich Uyezd (Kostroma province).

The name of Lermont was also worn by the famous Scottish poet of the 13th century - Thomas. The name of Lerma was also with the Spanish Duke. The poet was looking for a connection with the ancestors of the Scots, but most of all he was fascinated by the kinship with the Spanish duke - the minister of King Philip III. Lermontov has even a whole "Spanish" cycle in the fine arts, because he was also an excellent artist.

At the time of the birth of the poet, the Lermontov family was greatly impoverished. Father Yuri Petrovich was a handsome man with a sympathetic and kind heart, but extremely unrestrained and sometimes very frivolous. His estate Kropotovka in Efremovsky uyezd bordered on the estate of SA Arsenyeva (in the girlhood of Stolypin). Her daughter - the romantic Maria Mikhailovna - could not help but fall in love with such a charming neighbor and, despite her mother's protests, married him. But family happiness was short-lived, consumed with consumption and nervous breakdowns due to the constant adultery of her husband, she died in the spring of 1817.

The childhood of Mikhail Lermontov

In Moscow on October 3, 1814, Mikhail Lermontov was born. As a child, he was a morbid, capricious and nervous boy. He was sick with diathesis, scrofula and measles. For a long time he was bedridden because of rickets, which led to the curvature of his legs. After the early death of his mother, Lermontov had only vague images, which were very dear to his heart. Grandmother Elizaveta Arsenyeva took all the trouble for his upbringing and until the end of his life he was anxiously taking care of him. But her son-in-law, she simply could not stand to breath. Yuri Petrovich because of enmity with his mother-in-law was forced to leave for his estate and leave her her son. However, he nevertheless visited the mother-in-law several times with the intention of taking Mikhail to his place, but everything was in vain. The boy saw enmity, it was very hard for him to bear all this. He constantly suffered and hesitated between his grandmother and father. In the drama Menschen und Leidenschaften Lermontov reflected all his experiences about this. Then they moved with their grandmother to the estate called Tarkhany (Penza province). There almost all the poet's childhood passed.

Youth and adolescence

In 1828, Lermontov began to study at the Noble Boarding School of Moscow University. Then he continued his education at the verbal branch of the same educational institution. But in the end he was forced to quit all this because of a major quarrel with the reactionary professors. His career was in question. And my grandmother insisted that her grandson enter the School of Guards Ensigns and cavalry cadets. The young Lermontov was not very inspired by the career of the military, but at the same time he dreamed of the great exploits his ancestors committed, although he knew in his heart that at best he was facing a war in the Caucasus.

In 1834, he graduated from the School and went on to serve as a cornet in the Nizhny Novgorod Hussar Regiment. The first work, which appeared in print in 1835 without his knowledge, was the poem "Haji Abrek."

Links to the Caucasus

Lermontov's works were very often prophetic. In 1837, he dedicates to A. Pushkin his fatal verse Death of a Poet, where he blames the death of all the high-ranking authorities in Russia, headed by Tsar Nicholas I. Then he is sent into exile to the Caucasus. A year later he returns to St. Petersburg, but because of a duel with the Frenchman Ernest de Barant, he is again sent to the Caucasus to the infantry regiment. In battle he showed unprecedented courage and courage, but the tsar did not notice any awards. Lermontov was even interrupted by leave in St. Petersburg and ordered to leave the city for two days.

Upon returning to the regiment Lermontov stops in Pyatigorsk to get some medical treatment, but there he had an absurd quarrel over his ridicule, presumably over Natalia Solomonovna - Martynov's sister, a classmate at a military school, with whom he had never been particularly atrocious. The girl thought that Lermontov was in love with her, and he described her Mary heroine in "The Hero of Our Time" from her. July 15, 1841 a duel took place. On it M. Yu. Lermontov was instantly killed by NS Martynov. The bullet went through his heart.

During all this short time allotted by God, such famous works of Lermontov were created, which became truly masterpieces of Russian literature. This is the "Song about the merchant Kalashnikov", and "Mtsyri", and "Demon", as well as a huge number of lyrical poems, the drama "Masquerade" and the immortal novel "The Hero of Our Time".

Ashik-Kerib

The work of Lermontov "Ashik-Kerib" was created as a romantic oriental tale of love. It was based on the literary processed Azerbaijani folk tale, heard by the poet in exile in the Caucasus. This is a kind and bright work about the love of two young heroes of the poor Ashik-Kerib and his lover - the daughter of a rich merchant Magul-Megery. Ashik-Kerib will do everything in order to get rich and marry his beloved. But the wise and resourceful Magul-Megery will also not stand aside and help him with his female cunning. In the end, they will all be happy together. This beautiful fairy tale has not left a single reader indifferent.

"Hero of our time"

The novel "Hero of Our Time" Lermontov wrote at 25 years, a year before his tragic death. This novel was created in the form of separate novels, short stories, travel essays and diary entries. For the author, the main thing was the disclosure of the image of the main character. In the novel, heads are intermixed, historical reality is not paramount here. The work is complicated by the fact that three storytellers narrate in it: the traveling officer, Maxim Maksimych and, finally, the main character - Grigory Pechorin. The image of Pechorin throughout the whole work is revealed in different ways, from the words of an outside observer, a friend of his friend and the hero himself. The reader will gradually go deeper into the psychology of Pechorin. First there will be a superficial, then detailed and only then the deepest psychoanalysis and introspection. "The Hero of Our Time" Lermontov was first published in 1840 in the Petersburg publishing house under the leadership of Ilya Glazunov.

"Sail"

Despite the complex and intractable nature, Lermontov is a gentle romantic in the soul and a wonderful creator. Indelible impressions produce almost all of Lermontov's works. "Parus" is one of his great masterpieces left to the future heritage. He wrote it with his quivering soul, standing at a crossroads before fateful decisions, and at that moment the young poet seems ready for anything. He was only 17 years old. He could have become a Decembrist or a revolutionary, but fate has prepared for him another role.

A brief chronological table of Lermontov

Children's works of Lermontov

The theme of childhood was reflected in a number of works and was always a companion of all his work. The poems of the famous poet are extraordinarily tender and lyrical. They are filled with some kindness and warmth. Lermontov's children's works include such magnificent poems as "The Child", "The Cossack Lullaby", "The Baby's Cute Birth" and others.

Life was not easy for Lermontov, but, despite all this, during his childhood and all his "golden days" he always considered the most beautiful period of a person's life.

All the works of Lermontov from the point of view of literature are unique and unique. Therefore, they are still interesting to any generation of readers.