The Moscow ring road represents the approximate boundaries of Moscow. Of course, this is conditional, since in recent years the territory of the city by some of its regions has gone beyond the MKAD. Currently The length of the Moscow Ring Road reaches 108.9 km. This highway is a link for the main roads of the city: all major radial routes of Moscow have an intersection with the ring road. From the center of the city, MKAD is located at a distance of 12-18 km in different parts of its territory. Historically, the kilometers on the ring road are counted from the intersection with the highway Enthusiasts in a clockwise direction.
History of MKAD
The idea of creating such a ring road arose in 1937, and the first part of it was built in 1939, but the war prevented the implementation of all plans. It was necessary to change the project and urgently build a simplified version of the road, adapted for the movement of military equipment and the redeployment of troops. In this first variant, the length of the Moscow Ring Road was about 30 kilometers. After the war, they returned to the original project, and in 1956 the reconstruction of the road began. The first section - from Yaroslavl to Simferopol highway - was opened in 1960. This part of the Moscow Ring Road had a length of 48 kilometers. And already in 1962 the movement along the entire ring road was opened. On it there were two bands for movement on either side, each Width of 7 m. Very important for normal traffic on the ring road was the construction of 33 road junctions, while two-level. The first three-level interchange appeared only in 1983 at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road with the Simferopol highway. At the same time, the road surface was simple concrete at all sections of the ring road. In the 90 years it became obvious that MKAD was obsolete morally and physically. The reconstruction began, which included two stages. The first stage consisted of replacing the lighting and installing a barrier fence between the counter flows. The second stage included the extension of the road bed and, as a result, an increase in the number of lanes to five.
MKAD today
Today the Moscow Ring Road is a highway of European level. The width is 10 lanes, the road surface is asphalt concrete. 47 junctions have been built, of which Leningradskaya and Gorkovskaya are three-level, and Yaroslavskaya and Novorizhskaya are four-level ones. Considering the large length of the Moscow Ring Road, 49 overground pedestrian crossings and 4 underground ones were built. 76 overpasses and bridges have been built, 6 of them over the Moskva River and the Moscow Canal. At present, the Moscow Ring Road does not cope with the flow of cars. Traffic was common on the ring road. But to increase its throughput is not enough to only increase the length of the Moscow Ring Road. The authorities of Moscow have developed a new project - the fourth transport ring. This will make it possible to remodel obsolete transport interchanges, build a lot of ring road alternators, overpasses and tunnels. In total, after the creation of the fourth ring, the length of the MKAD in km should almost double.