Interesting facts from the life of Tolstoy. Tolstoy Alexey Nikolaevich

Count and Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences Alexei Tolstoy was an extremely talented and versatile writer who wrote in a variety of genres and directions. In his arsenal are two collections of poems, the processing of fairy tales, scripts, a huge number of plays, journalism and other articles. But above all he is a great writer and master of fascinating stories. He would be awarded the State Prize of the USSR (in 1941, 1943 and already posthumously in 1946). The writer's biography contains interesting facts from Tolstoy's life. They will be discussed further.

Tolstoy: life and work

December 29, 1882 (according to the old January 10, 1883) in Nikolayev (Pugachevsk) Saratov province born Tolstoy Alexey Nikolaevich. When his mother was pregnant, she left her husband NA Tolstoy and moved to live with a zemstvo servant AA Bostrom.

All his childhood Alyosha spent in the estate of his stepfather in the village of Sosnovka of the Samara province. These were the happiest years for a child who grew up very strong and cheerful. Then Tolstoy graduated from the St. Petersburg Institute of Technology, but did not defend the diploma (1907).

From 1905 to 1908 he began to publish poetry and prose. Fame came to the writer after the stories and novels of the "Zavolzhsky" cycle (1909-1911), the novels "Eccentrics" (1911) and "The Lame Barin" (1912). Here he described the anecdotal and extraordinary events that occurred with the eccentric landlords of his native Samara province.

The First World War

Interesting facts from Tolstoy's life indicate that he worked as a military correspondent in the First World War. And then he reacted with great enthusiasm to the February revolution. At that time the writer lived in Moscow. At the time of the socialist revolution, the Provisional Government appointed Tolstoy a commissioner for the registration of the press. From 1917 to 1918, all the creative activity of the apolitical writer reflected depression and anxiety.

After the revolution, from 1918 to 1923, the life of Alexei Tolstoy passed in exile. In 1918 he went to Ukraine on a literary tour, and in 1919 he was evacuated from Odessa to Istanbul.

Emigration

Returning to the topic "Tolstoy: life and work", it should be noted that for a couple of years he lived in Paris, then in 1921 he moved to Berlin, where he began to establish old ties with writers who remained in Russia. As a result, and not having taken root abroad, during the NEP (1923), he returns back to his homeland. His life abroad had borne fruit, and the light saw his autobiographical work "Childhood of Nikita" (1920-1922 gg.), "Walking by the throes" - the first edition (1921), by the way, in 1922 he announced that it There is a trilogy. Over time, the anti-Bolshevik direction of the novel was corrected, the writer was inclined to remodel his works, often hesitating with poles due to the political conjuncture of the USSR. The writer never forgot about his "sins" - noble origin and emigration, but he understood that he had a wide readership right now, during the Soviet era.

New creative period

Upon his arrival in Russia, the novel Aelita (1922-1923), a science fiction genre, was published. It tells how a Red Army fighter arranges a revolution on Mars, but things did not go as they wanted. A little later came out the second novel of the same genre, Hyperboloid Engineer Garin (1925-1926), which the author made many times to remake. In 1925, a fantastic story "Union of Five" appeared. Tolstoy, by the way, in his science fiction predicted many technical miracles, for example, space flights, the capture of cosmic voices, the laser, the "parachute brake," the fission of the atomic nucleus, etc.

From 1924 to 1925 Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich creates a novel of a satirical genre "The Descent of Nevzorov, or Ibicus", which describes the adventures of an adventurer. Obviously, the image of Ostap Bender from Ilf and Petrov was born from here.

Interesting facts from Tolstoy's life

Already in 1937, Tolstoy, on state orders, wrote a story about Stalin, "Bread", where the outstanding events clearly show the outstanding role of the leader of the proletariat and Voroshilov.

One of the best children's novels in world literature was the story of A. N. Tolstoy "The Golden Key, or The Adventures of Pinocchio" (1935). The writer very successfully and thoroughly remade the fairy tale of Pinocchio by the Italian writer Carlo Collodi.

In the period from 1930 to 1934 Tolstoy creates two books about Peter the Great and his time. Here the writer gives his assessment of that era and the concept of the reforms of the tsar. His third book, "Peter the First," he wrote, already deadly sick.

During the Great Patriotic War, Aleksei Nikolayevich wrote many journalistic articles and short stories. Among them are "Russian character", "Ivan the terrible", etc.

Contradictions

The personality of the writer Alexei Tolstoy is quite contradictory, as, in principle, and his work. In the Soviet Union, he was the second-largest writer after Maxim Gorky. Tolstoy was a symbol of how the real Soviet patriots were people from the higher nobility estates. He especially never complained of need and always lived like a gentleman, because he never stopped working on his typewriter and was always in demand.

Interesting facts from Tolstoy's life include the fact that he could work for arrested or disgraced acquaintances, but he could also shy away from it. He was married four times. NV V. Krandievskaya, one of his wives, in some way served as a prototype of the heroines of the novel "Walking by the throes".

Patriot

Aleksei Nikolaevich liked to write in a realistic manner with the use of genuine facts, but he also brilliantly created fiction. He was loved, he was the soul of any society, but there were those who showed contempt for the writer. These included A. Akhmatova, M. Bulgakov, O. Mandelstam (Tolstoy even received a slap from the latter).

Alexei Tolstoy was a real national Russian writer, patriot and statesman, he often wrote on foreign material and at the same time did not want to learn foreign languages for a better sense of his native Russian.

After Gorky's death from 1936 to 1938 he headed the Writers' Union of the USSR. After the war, he was a member of the commission to investigate the crimes of the fascist invaders.

It should be noted that the years of Tolstoy's life fell on the period from 1883 to 1945. He died on February 23, 1945 from cancer at the age of 62 and was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.