Inflammation of the lungs in a child of 2 years: symptoms and signs

Colds in children are often complicated by pneumonia, which is difficult to detect and treat. This severe pathology can be different, it all depends on what area of inflammation it covers.

Children under three years of age usually suffer from a complicated form of pneumonia, which occurs atypically. With such a disease a child can not cough up phlegm and say exactly where it hurts. To avoid the negative consequences of the disease, it is important to identify the inflammation of the lungs in advance . Symptoms in children 2 years, as a rule, are more pronounced than in schoolchildren.

Causes of inflammation of the lung tissue

Most often in young children, pneumonia occurs due to the weakening of the immune system against a background of stress or hypothermia. A common cold and SARS can be a trigger for the spread of the disease. If the parents suspected pneumonia in a child of 2 years, the symptoms, treatment methods and timely diagnosis will help cure the ailment.

The main pathogens of this acute disease of the respiratory system in a child under 5 years may be some bacteria, for example, Klebsiella. This rod-shaped microorganism is transmitted mainly by fecal-oral, contact, and sometimes food. There is a multiplication of Klebsiella in the intestine. At risk are infants and preterm infants. It is found in the feces of the baby when testing is given, while the child's chair becomes yellow-green and foamy with particles of undigested food.

When this bacterium affects the respiratory tract, the patient has a fever of 41 degrees and there is a pain in the chest. And klebsiella has resistance to many antibiotics, so it is difficult to treat the inflammation of the lungs caused by this microorganism in a child of 2 years. Symptoms of getting into the body of the baby's bacteria are as follows: weight loss and appetite, the emergence of a sharp odor of feces, fever. Still at the child the sputum with bloody streaks and an unpleasant smell can be allocated actively. Such a microorganism is dangerous for newborns, as it can provoke the development of pyelonephritis, meningitis, abscesses and other dangerous pathologies.

In addition, lead to inflammation of the lungs can staphylococcus, which is in the microflora of the mucosa, without causing harm, but with a decrease in the protective functions of the body, it begins to actively multiply.

Pneumonia in young children can cause more chlamydia. Such microorganisms manifest themselves as serious pathologies of respiratory organs. When they appear, the child has a dry cough, the general state of health remains normal. Timely therapy allows you to get rid of chlamydia in 2 weeks. In neglected cases, these microorganisms lead to vomiting, blue skin and rapid deep breathing.

When penetrating the body of chlamydia, conjunctivitis occurs. Even at an early stage of the disease there are such signs as:

• a sore throat;
• Coryza;
• dry cough;
• Sinusitis;
• Temperature differences.

When these microorganisms are detected in an infant, the examination and therapeutic course will have to be passed on to the mother, since infection in this case is most likely to occur in utero. Treatment of chlamydia requires an integrated approach, including physiotherapy, the use of fortifying drugs and antibiotics.

Mycoplasma also often leads to pneumonia in young children. Such unicellular organisms live at the expense of healthy cells. They affect the respiratory tract, and sometimes the organs of the genitourinary system.

These types of pathogens of pneumonia in 2-3 year olds are more common, although they are not the only ones. Pneumonia can be mixed, viral, provoked by simple microorganisms or helminths, bacterial, fungal.

Inflammation of the lungs in a 2-year-old child: symptoms and early signs

Not right away you can put the right diagnosis. Gradually begin to develop, when inflammation of the lungs in a child 2 years and older, symptoms is found. And to determine the appearance of this pathology is not so simple at once. A small patient is not able to independently assess the degree of pain, unlike an adult. In children, it is more difficult to detect the onset of the disease. It is hard to establish, the kid recently felt headache, malaise, chills, weakness with such an insidious pathology as pneumonia. The main symptoms in children 2 years old in the early stages of the disease are usually reduced to the fact that:

• The baby is listless and always capricious.
• With a cold a few days later, the temperature rises.
• There is a cough.
• One part of the thorax falls far behind during breathing.
• Rapid shallow breathing appears.

If the baby's appetite is gone, he often sweats, sleeps constantly on one side, then, most likely, he has pneumonia. At the child of 2 years symptoms, as a rule, are more expressed, therefore any changes in his behavior should guard parents. It is necessary in case of suspicions of pneumonia to urgently consult a doctor, because this disease can lead to tragedy. Only with a correctly diagnosed diagnosis can we talk about full recovery and prevention of complications after the inflammatory process in the lungs.

Inflammation: symptoms in children 2 years old

With such a disease, signs of other respiratory infections, for example, sore throat, sneezing, runny nose, may appear. Cough with pneumonia can be severe, superficial, wet or dry, and in some situations it is completely absent. Sputum begins to stand out only if the inflammation has passed to the bronchi.

When inflammation of the lungs is detected, the symptoms in children 2-3 years old are as follows:

• Violation of the frequency and rhythm of breathing.
• Pimple and cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle.
• Loss of appetite and aversion to food.
• Tearfulness and fatigue.
• Crying out of the lungs and other extraneous sounds.
• Expansion of the nostrils during breathing.

The baby with this ailment has frequent and shallow breathing. Help identify inflammation of the lungs symptoms. At children of 2 years signs can be noticed at external survey of a body. First of all, pay attention to the chest, as the affected lung lags behind when breathing from the general rhythm.

How to treat inflammation in small patients?

It is important to diagnose the disease in time and prescribe effective therapy to avoid complications. First of all, the doctor determines whether the child needs to be hospitalized or not, and then already appoints a set of procedures and medications. But in most cases, the treatment of children under 3 years of age is carried out in a hospital, since daily monitoring and, if necessary, the provision of emergency care. Still under constant supervision there should be kids with a rickets, weakened immunity and chronic respiratory diseases.

As already known, they can detect inflammation of the lungs symptoms. At children of 2 years treatment consists in reception of antibiotics. These are: "Sulfamethoxazole", "Amoxicillin", cephalosporins ("Zeftera"), macrolides ("Clarithromycin") and fluoroquinolones ("Moxifloxacin", "Levofloxacin", etc.) .The empirical treatment is carried out by doctors until they receive the results of the investigation.

In the event that the condition of a small patient does not improve within two days, a new drug is prescribed. When the disease is caused by viral infections, antibiotics do not bring the desired result, therefore antiviral drugs are prescribed: interferons, "Oseltamivir". If pneumonia is triggered by a fungus, then surely apply tools such as "Diflucan", "Flukanozol" and other similar drugs.

When the child has a pronounced hypoxia, then it is transferred to the ventilator in the intensive care unit. When dehydrated, oral rehydration with saline solutions is performed, and, possibly, the use of infusions.

For the treatment of pneumonia, antipyretics, mucolytics, anti-inflammatory and expectorants, and bronchodilators are used.

Symptomatic treatment of the inflammatory process in the lungs involves carrying out physiotherapy procedures, respiratory gymnastics, drainage massage, ultraviolet irradiation and exercise of physical culture. In addition, doctors recommend using probiotics to normalize the intestinal microflora, as well as sorbents to remove toxic substances from the body. With pneumonia, inhalations are also made by a nebulizer, immunomodulators and vitamins are used.

Diagnostic procedures

Recognize will help inflammation of the lung in a child of 2 years of symptoms. Diagnosis of this disease is performed only by a doctor. And in some cases it is difficult to detect this disease. After all, radical pneumonia, even on an X-ray, can not always be seen. That's why, if the parents assume that the baby has this particular ailment, they should insist on a more thorough examination.

Will help to detect pneumonia in a child of 2 years of symptoms, the methods of diagnosis while directed to complete the survey:

• X-rays of light.
• Biochemical research.
• Blood test.
• Interrogation of parents and the child.
• Tapping of the chest.

In children up to a year, this pathology is able to develop rapidly, so in their case you can not hesitate if there is frequent breathing and the temperature has risen.

How to cure the disease of the respiratory tract folk remedies?

If a child does not have pneumonia for 2 years, the symptoms of the disease only increase, it is necessary to combine the basic therapy with folk medicine. But before resorting to such means, it is necessary to consult with the doctor.

When pneumonia is accompanied by a strong cough, an expectorant, prepared from natural products, will help. To improve the departure of sputum, squeeze the juice of white cabbage, and add a little honey. So, in 100 grams of liquid dilute 1 teaspoon of bee product. The kid should be given several times a day for 10 grams immediately after ingestion.

It helps fight the inflammation of the lungs with herbal decoction. To make it you will need: oregano, angelica, St. John's wort, lavender. All these components are taken in equal proportions, mixed and filled with water. After that, the mixture is boiled for at least 20 minutes. To strengthen the medicinal properties of the broth, it is necessary to add tinctures of viburnum and oak bark to it. Stir the mixture for 2 hours. To kids ready broth give on a teaspoon 3 times a day.

In the treatment of pneumonia, inhalations with various essential oils: coriander, eucalyptus, fir and basil are well established. Perform such procedures in the morning and evening, and the duration of each should be about 5-10 minutes.

An effective method of treating pneumonia is a compress applied to the upper back of the baby. First, a mixture of honey, camphor oil and alcohol is made. Then a piece of cloth is taken and soaked in the resulting mixture, after which the flap is applied to the indicated place. It is advisable to wrap the baby with a warm blanket and leave the compress on all night.

To combat this insidious disease in folk medicine often use honey with a radish. The root crop is cut into two halves, while the upper part should be smaller in size. With a large half, all the flesh is removed, filled with honey and covered with a small part. After the mixture is infused, it can be given to the baby several times a day. A new portion of such medicine should be prepared daily. It is undesirable to take this remedy for more than 5 days.

Complications of pneumonia

In advanced cases, the inflammatory process may involve the pleura, which causes the baby to complain of severe pain in the chest. When this happens, pleurisy is often supplemented with a rash with a specific rash, which leads to a lesion of the whole area of the lung. But the most dangerous complication is pulmonary destruction, which leads in most cases to death.

Delayed or incorrect therapy of pneumonia often leads to cardiovascular insufficiency, especially often such a disease occurs in children 2 years old. This occurs with severe inflammation and long intoxication of the body.

How to care for sick children?

When the doctors diagnosed pneumonia in a child whose symptoms were examined above, it is necessary to provide him with a cozy and supportive environment. In addition, the baby needs complete rest. In this period, you should add more fruits and vegetables to your diet. To avoid dehydration caused by the disease, it is necessary to ensure abundant drinking to the child.

Preventive measures

Help to identify pneumonia in a child of 2 years of symptoms, prevention, however, helps to avoid the occurrence of this ailment. Prevention of pneumonia is a key condition for reducing child mortality. Prevention consists in hardening the baby, breastfeeding, fighting with dust and gas in the room, playing sports.

It is important to protect the child from passive smoking and to comply with basic standards of personal hygiene. Still need to quickly respond to any signs of malaise. In the case when a loved one is too often and long ill with pneumonia, it is better not to take risks and get vaccinated. Of course, it can not protect against all pathogens of the disease, but will form a strong protection against streptococcus and pneumococcus.

Duration of the disease

If the pathology proceeds without complications, then the child will recover on proper treatment after 10 days. Sometimes physicians insist that the drugs should be used within 2 weeks to fix the result. If after this time, the signs of the disease have not disappeared, and the child's condition has not improved, then the curative scheme should be changed and antibiotics of the new group should be used.

Do not self-medicate or start a disease. It is necessary to closely monitor the condition of the baby. Of course, the improvement does not come immediately, but if there are no changes in a few days, it is better to contact the doctors again.