IL-86 - reliable Soviet airbus

IL-86 became the first wide-body aircraft produced in the USSR. His appearance was due to the objective requirements of aviation. In total, during its production, 106 liners were manufactured, three of which were delivered to China. In order for the IL-86 to fly around the country, in the eighties many airstrips at large airports were reconstructed. The main task that was assigned to this model of the aircraft was the provision of medium-range air transportation. The gradual decommissioning of this type of liners began in 2001.

The IL-86 is the most mass Soviet wide-body airliner with four engines. The beginning of its creation can be considered 1967, when the Resolution of the Council of Ministers on the development of such a machine was adopted. Initially, the upgraded Il-62 could be an alternative to the Il-86 (lengthening of the fuselage, the second deck, an oval section), but this option was not developed. The development of the eighty-sixth model in the Ilyushin Design Bureau began in the 1970s. For the first time the plane saw the sky on 22.12.1976, and in June 1977 it was shown to the public at the air show in Paris. The first flight the liner made in the late 1980's. Over the entire period of operation, the aircraft has set 18 world records for various indicators. In addition to serial models, it is necessary to allocate a special board for the President of the Russian Federation and two planes for the command of the Armed Forces. One of the modifications of the liner with the index "D" became the basis for creating the next model - IL-96. In the process of selecting the IL-86 circuit, the photo of which is presented here, a low-wing with a swept wing and four engines with a moderate degree of double-circuit on pylons under the wing was defined. Selection of aerodynamic performance of the liner was carried out on the basis of a complex of experimental and theoretical studies, the purpose of which was to obtain the necessary regulatory characteristics of controllability, stability and aerodynamic qualities.

The main technical characteristics of the aircraft are as follows:

- passenger capacity - 350 people;

- wingspan - 48 m;

- length - 60 m;

- height - 15.8 m;

- maximum and cruising speeds - 970 and 950 km / h respectively;

- range of flight - 4,6 thousand km;

- maximum take-off weight - 215 tons (without load the mass of the aircraft is 117.5 tons);

- fuel consumption - 11.5 t / h.

According to experts, the IL-86 can be considered one of the most reliable aircraft in the world. Its high level of reliability and comfort, operational efficiency and manufacturability are confirmed by 130 certificates. The liner is equipped with the latest navigation and control systems, which makes it possible for a small crew of three to easily conduct regular flights at any time of the day, year and in different climatic conditions. In the Soviet era, it was one of the most comfortable aircraft with optimally planned interior space. In particular, among the main characteristics should be noted comfortable chairs, decorative and artistic design of the interior, a successful placement of the buffet kitchen, mobile and corresponding to the size of the salon serving carts.