How to make automatic ventilation of greenhouses with their own hands

Every gardener or summer resident knows that for the growing of vegetables any greenhouse should be equipped with a ventilation system. It is better if it is an automatic system that provides a correct and reliable temperature regime. In view of the rapid growth of inflation, making automatic airing of greenhouses with their own hands is a significant saving of money.

Types of ventilation of greenhouses

There are the following types of ventilation of greenhouses:

• Natural;
• Compulsory;
• Automatic.

With natural ventilation, the number and degree of opening of doors, windows and transoms of the greenhouse is determined. Also, natural ventilation is provided due to the different leveling of the outlets in the roofs and walls of the greenhouses. This is the kind of simple airing. It is provided in small-sized premises of greenhouses. It is important to determine the time duration of ventilation, depending on the ambient temperature.

Forced ventilation is provided by forced air injection by means of installed electric fans. It is important to know that by arranging forced ventilation to eliminate stagnation of air in overall greenhouse complexes, it is necessary to install fans for air recuperation.

Automatic ventilation system provides opening and closing of windows, doors and transoms in automatic mode.

Purpose automatic airing

During the use of solid fuel or gas heating, a large amount of combustion waste accumulates in the greenhouse, as well as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which adversely affects plants: their development, growth, maturation. In this case, automatic ventilation of the greenhouse, made by oneself, and enabling to maintain the necessary microclimate, is established.

Automatic ventilation systems

Increasing or lowering the temperature in the room is an insufficient condition for the process of plant cultivation. The value is supported by the necessary temperature-humidity regime. After all, as the temperature of the air rises, the humidity in the greenhouse rises, contributing to the reproduction of fungi. Therefore, to maintain the temperature within 20-30 degrees, various methods or systems for ventilating greenhouses are used.

There are three main systems for ventilating greenhouse premises:

• Electric;
• Bimetallic;
• Hydraulic.

Electrical system for ventilation of greenhouses

Make and install electric automatic ventilation of greenhouses with their own hands is quite simple. It consists of a thermal relay and a fan, forming a closed electrical circuit.

The principle of operation is simple: when the temperature in the room of the greenhouse exceeds the permissible value, then the thermal relay starts the air cooling fan. The disadvantage of such a ventilation system is a power outage in the hot time of the day. The way out of this situation is working from a battery system or installing a solar battery.

A type of electrical ventilation

A kind of electrical ventilation of rooms is forced electrical ventilation. It is installed in overall greenhouses or in complexes consisting of a number of greenhouses: if necessary, create different climatic conditions in different rooms. The whole construction is fans and thermostats, closed in the system and working independently, creating a different microclimate. In this case, one fan is connected to the same thermostat, working to create the desired temperature.

Forced electric ventilation is exhaust and supply air.

With the exhaust type of ventilation of the greenhouses, ventilation is effected by the outflow of warm air.

The supply type is the airing by cold air inside.

Advantages of electric ventilation system:

• High power;
• Exact time of ventilation according to the setting of thermal sensors;
• High technological system.

Bimetallic method of ventilation

The simplest in the device is a bimetallic automatic airing of greenhouses, with their own hands installed. And it is easy, and without other additional adaptations.

This design consists of two metal special plates that have a different coefficient of deformation when external heat is applied to them. The plate, increasing in size and arching, opens the window when heating. And when the temperature decreases - closes the window, decreasing and arching to the starting position.

Advantages of bimetallic construction:

• Complete autonomy in the work;
• reliability;
• simplicity.

The main drawback of the method is the impossibility of lifting heavy structures due to low power.

Hydraulic airing system

Many gardeners are wondering: how to make the automatic ventilation of the greenhouse with your own hands the most effective? The answer is obvious. This is a hydraulic ventilation system. It is installed on the windows, transoms and doors of greenhouses.

Consider the principle of opening and closing the transom.

Structurally, these are hydraulic levers located on the inside and outside of the greenhouse with temperature sensors installed on the transoms. When the hydraulic cylinder inside the room is heated with air, this heated air moves to the outer cylinder. In this case, due to a violation of the balance of the design (overweight), the transom opens.

The main advantage of such a system is the durability and the possibility of lifting a large weight. The disadvantage is that it can not be used on side windows. In addition, it reacts slowly to changing weather.

Modifications of hydraulic ventilation systems for greenhouses

You can make automatic ventilation of greenhouses with your own hands, which will be based on a thermal cylinder and bellows. It is a sealed system filled with acetone. The principle of operation is the same.

There are industrial ventilation pans, consisting of the pane itself and an oil cylinder with a piston and a pusher. Expanding when heated oil causes the piston to move, and accordingly, the pusher opening the window. The reverse order of the process occurs when the temperature falls.

Automatic airing

There is another device - an automatic thermal drive or a ventilator.

It consists of a metal cylinder filled with a special liquid and a working rod. The liquid, heated to a temperature of 23 degrees, pushes the rod, which opens the window. This is the automatic ventilation of the greenhouse. The thermal drive with its own hands, with the help of complete fasteners, is installed on the window leaf of the greenhouse.

There are different thermal drives. With their help, it is easy to set up an automatic ventilation of the greenhouse. With their hands from the shock absorber, the cylinder of the computer table or the hydraulic cylinder of the car, the craftsmen make working airing mechanisms.

Can system for ventilation

The most original hydraulic method of airing is the canning method, which consists of conventional household sealing cans.

For this, three-liter and 800-gram cans are used.

Eight hundred grams of water poured into a three-liter jar is rolled up with a conventional sunset lid. A copper or brass tube is inserted into the cover, not reaching the bottom of the can about three millimeters, which is tightly sealed. In the polyethylene lid put on the smaller can, an opening is made for the flexible tube from the dropper, and it is also sealed. This will be one of the types of pneumatic siphon. The structure is placed inside the greenhouse, adapted to the frame of the beam-counterweight.

Such a system works quite simply: when the temperature rises, warm air expels water from a larger capacity to a smaller one. By increasing the weight of the can, the window is opened. If the temperature goes down, the water goes into a large jar, and the transom is closed with a counterweight. This is how the bottle automatic ventilation system of the greenhouse works, made and installed with its own hands.

Disadvantages of the system:

• The device works only in the horizontal axis;
• Requires periodic refilling of water in a large container.

Well, the question of what can be done from the automatic airing of the greenhouse with their own hands, which would not be costly or labor-intensive, can offer a variant of the bottle method, where polyethylene bottles are installed instead of glass beakers. But this is, so to speak, a light system. And how to make it more rigid? You can make automatic ventilation of the greenhouse with your own hands from the shock absorber "Zhiguli", more precisely - from the gas shock absorber from the "Zhiguli".

Thermal drive from gas shock absorber

It is not a secret that often automatic ventilation of the greenhouse with its own hands is done literally from those materials that fall under the arm.

To make a device for automatic ventilation of greenhouses with your own hands - a thermal drive from a gas shock absorber - you need to take two pieces of a metal pipe three quarters in. In diameter and, cutting the threads at the ends of both pieces, connect them with a tee. The ends should be damped with standard plumbing plugs. In the gas damper from the car "Niva" the lower hairpin is cut off, the hole is drilled and the thread M10 is cut . Drill through the bolt from the brake hose and plug with a drill bit 10, tighten the bolt with the lock nut into the plug.

The remaining free part of the bolt is screwed into the thread in the shock absorber; All connections are sealed with gaskets. The plug with an internal thread is connected to the tee by means of a spigot with a lock nut. Now it is necessary to unscrew the plug from the end of the pipe and fill the oil. To do this, the stem retracts to the lower position, and in the vertical position of the tube the air exits the shock absorber. It remains only to tighten the plug and strengthen the structure on the greenhouse.

Thus, the necessary condition for the cultivation of vegetable or berry crops, seedlings or flowers is the automatic ventilation of the greenhouse, made by oneself and giving a significant increase to the family budget.