How to get refugee status in Russia? The refugee status for Ukrainians

Who would have thought that the time would come when the most relevant information would be how to obtain refugee status in Russia? However, it turned out that ordinary people are not able to influence the situation. They have one way: to take things and go to the border of the only country that agrees to help them save their lives. Let's leave aside the moral side of the question. Consider the whole procession of the process, which creates a lot of difficulties for those who simply do not have any other choice but to comply with all the "rules" so as not to be subjected to forcible eviction to an unhoused homeland (the word is written with a small letter in view of current events).

Who is a refugee

Let's start with the most important definition. To understand how to get refugee status in Russia, you need to understand first, and what is it, in fact, such. You see, the essence of staying on the territory of another state can be characterized in different ways. It depends on the term of free residence, the time of compulsory border crossing, the benefits granted, and so on. That is, guests of Russia are allowed to explore the sights and enjoy the company of relatives until ninety days (visa-free regime). The refugees are another matter. They have nowhere to go. Therefore, the period of their stay is not so severely restricted. According to the law, a refugee is a person who does not have the citizenship of the Russian Federation, who is on its territory in view of the clear threat to his life. In this case, the types of hazards are specified. These include: persecution on racial, national, political, social grounds, religion. If civil rights in the country of residence are not respected, then a person has the right to apply for protection to the Russian Federation. Only having proved the solidity of their petitions, a person will be able to obtain refugee status in Russia. But how to do that? The procedure provides for a certain algorithm. Let's consider its step-by-step execution.

Step 1. Recognition

If you need an answer to the question of how to get refugee status in Russia, then you know: everything begins with a request to a special body. I must say that several services can accept such a statement. If you are in your (or another) country, you will have to find a diplomatic body (consulate or representative office). When the matter is urgent, you can simply proceed to the border. There you will have to pass control. That's it is these employees (the body of the border control FSB) to apply. Make it simple. In any case, at the official crossing of the border, you will have to fill out a document specifying the purpose of entry. There is a count for refugees. Feel free to point out what is really happening to you. Obtaining refugee status is not a simple procedure. Therefore, one must act deliberately. If you say at the border that you are just traveling, how will you justify yourself later when they tell you it's time to go home too?

Step 1-A. If you missed

It happens that people get over it after the fact. That is, for some time they lived in the Russian Federation, only then they came to their senses, that it is necessary to formally fix their position somehow. Where to flee, how to get refugee status in Russia without encountering problems? Here the legislation is quite loyal. Contact the Ministry of Internal Affairs or FMS where you are at the moment. It is important to file a written application. Especially for those who for certain reasons crossed the border illegally. Yes, this is prohibited by law. But the cases are different. Perhaps you had reasons for insuperable force for such an act. Keep in mind: they will have to be listed.

Step 1-B. Who can apply

Only an adult can write an application to the authorities. That is, one who asks for recognition as a refugee must be more than eighteen years old. Children are entered in the parents' questionnaire (other adults accompanying them). Each person applies separately. This means that the head of the family can not sign a statement for everyone. No. Everyone appeals to the state personally! Only children can "join" their parents. In addition to the official application, all available documents must be attached, which, in the applicant's opinion, confirm the validity of his submission. If these papers were originally compiled in a foreign language, then they must be accompanied by an official translation into Russian. It is desirable to collect as much of such evidence as possible at home. This significantly affects the course of the case. The legal status of refugees gives real advantages to foreigners before ordinary tourists. The state assumes certain obligations in relation to them. Therefore, to obtain it, you need proof of threats, the impossibility of living in the state from which you escaped.

Step 1-In. Why be prepared

It is necessary to understand that the state simply does not distribute official statuses. He has someone to take care of. Therefore, prepare for inspections and other procedures. The first thing that the applicants are facing is a survey. An employee of the FMS is obliged to ask a lot of questions, the answers to which are written down in the form of an established sample. In addition, in order to obtain refugee status, you will have to undergo an "identity identification procedure". It includes fingerprinting and photographing (just like when you are arrested). I'll have to wait. When the official part is finished, do not leave until you receive a special certificate. It will state that you have received a temporary refugee status for approximately five working days (they say it is better to apply on Friday, then the period of validity of the certificate is longer). Now you can wait quietly.

Step 2. Result

Not everyone gets the desired status. Employees of the FMS examine your documents, determine the validity of the petition, and then make a decision. If it is negative, then the applicant receives a written notification not only of the refusal, but also of the reasons for it. In addition, the person should be explained the current status. It is necessary to know and demand from the officials. Sometimes the fate and life of a person depends on the decision of the FMS! The refusal should be brought to the applicant at certain times. For everything about all three days. When the petition received a satisfactory answer, the refugee receives a special document - a certificate (for the time being temporary). So, now many appeals of people who want to obtain refugee status from Ukraine are being considered. In connection with the events of spring-summer of this year, most likely, all applications will be satisfied.

Step 3. Temporary stay

When the desired document was in your hands, you should ask for help. Refugees receive a one-time benefit from the state. Let it not be too great, but for those who have no one to rely on in a foreign country, this is help. In addition, a refugee may demand that he be placed in a temporary accommodation center. It's not forever. Your petition will still be considered on the merits. As long as the bureaucratic machine is spinning slowly, you will have a haven (not spending the night in the street, right?).

Step 4. Accounting and medicine

In the authorities you will be registered (registered) and sent to a medical institution for examination. Do not forget to bring your kids with you. The doctor will not hurt them either.

Step 5. Final decision

The FMS examines the documents for three months. If necessary, the body can also extend this period. So do not hurry. When the decision is made, it will be brought to your attention in writing. Those who are disappointed with the refusal to recognize a refugee, you can advise to apply to the court of Russia. The rest receive certificates in exchange for a passport. That is, a document certifying the citizenship of the country from which a person escaped, for the period of his stay in the RF is seized and stored in the FMS. Those who applied to the embassy, in addition to the certificate, are also provided with a ticket for traveling to the country that granted asylum. That is, a refugee has the right not just to enter the Russian Federation, but also to ensure such a trip.

Retreat. The refugee status for Ukrainians

In connection with the huge flow of people who can not reconcile themselves with the current authorities, they are afraid for their lives, the question of granting them an official status is getting aggravated. The fact is that the border territories of Russia will soon be filled with people who do not have the means, housing and basic products. Legislators predict a humanitarian catastrophe and have begun to think about simplifying the procedure for their official registration as refugees. In late May, the draft document was proposed to the Duma by deputy Ye. Fedorov. The press says that in the middle of June the issue will be resolved positively. Ukrainians will be able to receive assistance from the Russian Federation under a simplified procedure.