How to find out the Linux version, the basic commands

The graphical interface of GNU / Linux has already found a lot of fans and is gaining popularity today. The number of distributions is growing rapidly, so you need to be able to understand what is the most optimal. And this is true, because Linux is a free graphical interface, which rightfully enjoys the greatest success around the world. Often the user needs to know the Linux version, for example, to install any programs that are compiled for certain versions. Their numbers are calculated as "Year Month" (or "YY.MM"). Thus, these figures indicate the release date of the distribution. Another important point is that each release necessarily has its own codename, for example "Karmic" or "Lucid Lynx".

What is actually the core, what are the differences of these nuclei, why develop them constantly and give them an account? The core is the central link of the system, it is very large, but it has an ordered and clear hierarchy of different levels. Its main components are: system calls (SCI), process management (PM), memory management (MM), as well as virtual file system (VFS), network stack and various device drivers. To find out the version of Linux, it means to find information about the kernel. For ordinary users who are not too versed in the field of working with software, it is very rare to deal with it, because not everyone can cover all the important and subtle aspects of this software level. Versions differ among themselves by interaction with hardware, drivers and speed of operation. And everything that the user uses is only the surface shell and GNU applications (this prefix must be present before the Linux inscription in the system version).

You can find out the Linux version of the user in various ways. For example, there is the utility "lsb_release", which you can use together with the -a option. You must first enter the command line, and then type the command. Perhaps it can not be installed, then the program will have to be downloaded from the repository. After entering the screen will show the name of the distribution and its version.

You can see the Linux version by typing "cat / etc / issue". After that, the monitor should display the following data: Debian GNU / Linux 6.0 \ n \ l or Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS \ n \ l.

The version of the kernel itself is recognized using the specified function "uname -r", if instead of the last prefix write -a, then all the information on this command will be released.

Also, if it's impossible to go into the system, you can find out the Linux version by rebooting the system unit and finding all the necessary information in the download menu. This method serves to identify which distribution is used.

Information about the Linux system is also stored in the / etc / lsb-release file. Therefore, to open it in the terminal, enter the following command: cat / etc / lsb-release. Also, in the Linux GUI system, you can find out the version from the user's guide.

So, various systems of the Linux family, being quite complex, provide fairly simple and accessible methods for determining the version of the distribution and the kernel number. There are several options for viewing both using the terminal, so without it.