Grillage on piles: features of technology

Grillage on piles is the optimal solution for structures built on weak or unstable soils. The main purpose of this design is to combine the load-bearing elements in a monolithic structure, which gives the building an additional margin of strength and reliability. This technology provides for the presence of reinforced boredeway piles, the diameter of which varies between 25-40 cm, driven into the ground to a depth of 1.6-3 m. The grillage on piles is the upper tier of the basement foundation, made in the form of a thick monolithic concrete slab or tape.

The construction of a foundation for this technology gives the structure greater reliability and stability. This is due to the fact that the grillage on the piles holds and holds together vertical supporting structures. This gives additional strength to the structure and counteracts the forces of frost heaving of the soil. The pile field for grillage on piles consists of vertical bearing structures, set at intervals of one to one and a half meters depending on the type of soil and the depth of the frozen layers.

To lay this structure along the entire perimeter of future walls, a shallow trench of about 30-40 cm is dug out. Then, using a special drill, wells are created to fill the pile structures. Inside the holes, an asbestos-cement pipe with a pre-bonded reinforcement frame is lowered . Also, the trench is laid out with geotextiles and covered with sand. On the resulting cushion mount the formwork. Then the entire structure is poured with concrete, which is a very important operation.

Here it is necessary to use a special vibrator to compact the mixture and remove air bubbles, which contribute to the formation of cavities of the most diverse fractions. This may further lead to structural cracking and collapse of the entire building. Monolithic grillage on piles should be reinforced to give it resistance to bending stresses. Otherwise, with the slightest deformation, there will be a threat of cracking of concrete.

The grillage is strengthened by two stiffening belts - upper and lower, consisting of several longitudinal steel rods, the number of which depends on the mass, height of the structure and the type of soil on which it is erected. This structure is also reinforced by a transverse reinforcement that does not take on the load, but is necessary to bind the entire frame to a single monolith.

In modern large-scale construction, such materials for grillage as steel and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures of grade M350 on a granite basis are used. When constructing wooden buildings from the bar, a bottom grating often serves as a grill, placed directly on the piles. Also in this capacity, I-beams can be used . True, this option is more expensive.

According to the current technological standards, grillage can be used in the construction of capital brick buildings, as well as in structures made from aerated concrete blocks or arbolite, built on clay and combined soil, on medium-density soils and high water saturation.