Games TRIZ for preschoolers. TRIZ in the development of speech of preschool children

Modern parents and teachers set themselves the task of developing the child in the first place creatively. Great attention is paid to the development of such abilities. Therefore, it is often possible to meet teachers who apply TRIZ for preschool children in their training programs. The games and tasks on which this system is based contribute to the development of active thinking, and also make the process of creative formation of personality much more fun for both the child and the adult.

What is TRIZ?

TRIZ is an abbreviation, which stands for "the theory of solving inventive problems". Like any other theory, it has its own structure, functions and algorithm. Many parents use the elements of TRIZ in their studies with children, without even knowing it.

TRIZ for preschoolers is a program that does not pretend to replace the basic one. It was created in order to increase the effectiveness of existing methods of teaching.

Many games are familiar to mothers and educators, but when training and development are systematically, it is easier for a child to acquire new skills. Therefore, those who are interested in the development of a harmonious creative personality of the baby, it is necessary to get acquainted with TRIZ for preschool children. This is not only useful, but also very interesting.

At the origins of the theory

The theory of solving inventive problems is one of the most unique methods for developing the creative abilities of a child. Its founder in 1956 was GS Altshuller, a Soviet engineer. He believes that anyone can learn to invent, and for this you do not need to have an innate talent.

Heinrich Saulovich himself invented from the very childhood and already at the age of 17 had an author's certificate. In addition, he was also a science fiction writer, among whose works are the famous "Icarus and Daedalus", "The Ballad of the Stars," "Legends of Star Captains" and many others.

The situation today

To date, several developmental centers have been created, based on the classical TRIZ method for preschool children. But gradually, in the process of work, they add new sections.

It is noteworthy that many methods of the theory of solving inventive problems are gradually being introduced into the system of classical preschool education in order to develop analytical thinking in children .

The essence of the methodology

TRIZ for preschoolers is a class where the child rejoices at his first creative discoveries. Here, children can never be bored, because during the training they use dialogues, live communication, discussions.

Educators who adhere to the development of TRIZ for preschool children, first of all pay attention to curious things. At the same time offer to look at an interesting event or an object from different sides. Find something good, then bad. If the studied object allows, you can conduct interesting experiments, but do not explain to the child why this result was obtained.

All this develops in the child's curiosity and interest in new discoveries. As the founder of this technique himself said: "TRIZ is a controlled process of creating a new one, combining precise calculation, logic, intuition."

The purpose of TRIZ (games for preschoolers) is not just to develop imagination, but to teach the child to approach the problem in a creative way.

Main methods and techniques of TRIZ

For the organization of a proper research process with children, the educator or parent should well understand and use the various methods and techniques that are applied in TRIZ.

The main ones are the following.

1. Brainstorm. In the process of this lesson, the children are faced with an inventive task. Students, in turn, are trying to find different ways to solve it by looking through resources. Every effort should be made to find the perfect solution.
2. Each proposed solution variant is evaluated from the position "what is good, what is bad". Of all that is available, the optimal one is chosen.
3. This method develops in a child the ability to analyze, has a stimulating effect on creative activity in the search for new answers, shows that any problem can be solved.
4. "Yes-no-ka" is a kind of game that allows children to learn to distinguish the main feature of the subject, classify things according to common indicators, and be attentive to the statements of other guys, build their suggestions based on their answers. This method of TRIZ in the development of speech of preschool children plays an important role.
5. Synectics - the method of analogies. It is divided into several areas: empathy, direct analogy and fantastic. In the first case, children are given the opportunity to stay as the object of the problem situation. In direct analogy, the child seeks similar processes in other spheres. Fantastic analogy is responsible for everything that is beyond reality, and here you can offer the most incredible ways out of a difficult situation.
6. Morphological analysis is necessary in order to check all the options for solving the task that could be missed during the normal transfer.
7. The method of focal objects lies in the fact that a certain phenomenon or object is attempted to substitute the properties and characteristics of that which does not fit with (at first glance).
8. The method of Robinson will teach preschoolers to seek the application of any, even completely unnecessary, at first glance, subjects.

What are the goals of the training?

The technology of TRIZ for preschool children has many more different methods and methods of teaching that are used in the development of children. For example, agglutination, hyperbolization, accentuation and others. All this makes it possible to conduct training in an interesting form, different from the lessons. Such methods provide a solid assimilation and systematization of information received by children.

During such activities, the child's thinking is stimulated, as well as the all-round development of the creative personality with the help of children's imagination and fantasy.

The fact is that in modern society people are needed who can think outside the box, find and offer bold decisions that are not afraid to do something wrong, like everyone else. This is the subject of TRIZ for preschoolers. Classes are built in such a way that children easily absorb the proposed material through well-designed research activities.

Stages of training

In each lesson, several stages of work are distinguished. Each of them has its own specific goal.

1. At the first stage, the child learns to discover and discern inconsistencies and contradictions that surround us in ordinary life. What does the tree and grass have in common? What does paper and tree bark have in common?
2. The second stage teaches the child to show imagination and ingenuity when solving set tasks. For example, think of a toy that I would like to play constantly, so that it would never be boring.
3. At the third stage, children are given fantastic tasks and an opportunity to compose their own stories. In this case, it is necessary to use TRIZ techniques for preschoolers.
4. The fourth stage enables children to apply new knowledge for non-standard problem solving.

Two main rules for TRIZ classes

There are rules that will make the process as effective as possible.

1. At each stage of the lesson, children are offered objects, phenomena from areas that are understandable: "I and nature," "I and I," "I and another person," "I and the object." This helps the child to better understand the contradictions of the world around him.
2. All TRIZ classes for preschool children are held in a play form. In this case, each game, each task must be accompanied by visual material.

Interaction between teacher and child

During the TRIZ (games for preschoolers), communication between children and adults should be based on certain principles:

• When answering their children, they need to listen carefully, admire the new idea.
• Absence of negative assessments and criticism of the child.
• The usual evaluation words are replaced and diluted by synonyms, for example, use not the word "correctly", but the words "wonderful", "great", "interesting solution", "unusual approach".
• To support a child when he wants to object to an adult, not to stop these attempts, on the contrary, to teach to prove, object, argue, defend his point of view.
• Do not be afraid of mistakes, but apply them in order to look at the solution of the problem from the other side.
• Communication between children and the educator should be accompanied only by positive impressions: the joy of a new discovery, creativity, awareness of one's own importance.
• Motivation of the child to actively participate in games and classes.

What games are in TRIZ

Naturally, the teacher actively uses TRIZ games for preschoolers. The card file of this technique is very diverse. Let us consider some examples of characteristic games for the theory of solving inventive problems.

1. "Yes, no-ka." The adult comes up with a word. The child is required to ask leading questions. In this case, anyone who conceives a word can answer only one-syllable "yes" or "no" until the right answer is received.
2. "Black and white." The adult shows the children a card with a picture of a white object. Children should name all the positive qualities of this object. Then a card with the same object is shown, only black. This time it is necessary to name all negative features.
3. "Inverters." For the game you need a ball. The adult throws the ball to the kid and says the word, and the child comes up with a word that is opposite in meaning, and throws the ball back.
4. "Masha-rasteryasha." For the game you will need a card with a picture of various objects. Choose "Masha". She draws out a card and says: "Ow!" One of the players asks her a question: "What's the matter with you?" She looks at the picture on the card and says: "I lost what I have been shown (for example, scissors)." How can I now do the appliqué? " The rest have to offer different ways of getting out of this situation. "Masha-rasterasha" chooses the best answer and gives a coin. At the end of the game, the number of coins is counted and the winner is determined.