Fibroadenoma of the mammary glands: symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment. What is breast fibroadenoma?

Every woman knows that she needs to pay close attention to her body. And all because today, unfortunately, in the fair sex there are a lot of exclusively "female" diseases. In this article I want to talk about what is fibroadenoma of the breast. Causes, symptoms, diagnosis of the disease - all this will be discussed below.

What it is?

First of all, we need to understand the concepts themselves. So, what is breast fibroadenoma? It is a tumor that arises in the breast of a lady. It consists of glandular and fibrous tissues. It is very important to say that it has a benign nature. According to the international classification, this disease refers to non-cancerous tumors that arise in the breast as a result of neoplasms (class D 24).

About views

Having understood what is breast fibroadenoma, it is worth mentioning that this disease has several varieties.

1. Perikanalykular fibroadenoma. Formed around milk ducts. The tumor itself has a strictly outlined edge, its structure is dense.
2. Injcannicalicular fibroadenoma. From the above described type of disease, this tumor is characterized by a more loose structure, lobular structure and lack of distinct edges. At the same time connective tissue grows into places, the so-called lumen of the milk ducts.
3. Mixed fibroadenoma. This disease has the symptoms of both of the above fibroaden.
4. Swallow, or phalloid fibroadenoma. At the very beginning, it can develop quite slowly. However, when there is a jump in its growth, it rapidly increases in size and can reach even 5-10 cm. If its size is large, this tumor can capture even the entire breast. In this case, pain can be observed. It is also worth mentioning that this type of disease is dangerous because in that case the tumor can turn into a cancerous one.

Risk Categories

So, fibroadenoma of the mammary glands. Symptoms of this disease are most often found in women aged 20 to 35 years. However, the risk category also includes girls during puberty and women who experience menopause (45-55 years).

Diagnostics

How can you detect this disease? What can women do with research?

1. Examination of the patient with palpation (palpation of the breast mammal), anamnesis.
2. Blood test - biochemistry (check for the content of some hormones).
3. Mammography (this is chest X-ray).
4. Ultrasound, i.e., ultrasound. Allows you to accurately determine the disease (it is possible to distinguish it from the cyst). However, the results of ultrasound will not tell you whether it is benign or malignant.
5. Biopsy. Non-surgical intervention, when a woman will take a tumor tissue collection. Then the sample will be sent for histological examination.
6. Cytological examination. Called to determine the extent of damage to tissues in the mammary gland, as well as the features of the spread of the disease. The main goal of this study in fibroadenoma is to make sure that there are no cancer cells in the tumor.

Symptoms

If a woman wants to know more about the disease, such as fibroadenoma of the mammary glands, the symptoms - that's something else you should definitely tell. It should be said that this disease does not have any clinical manifestations, therefore it is rather difficult to detect it. The only way: periodic palpation, ie, palpation of their mammary glands. And as a result: with this disease, you can feel a tight knot that will have a round or oval shape, as well as clear boundaries. Features of this education:

1. The size. Most often, the tumor has a size from a few millimeters to three or four centimeters. If it is more than 5 cm, it is usually called giant.
2. Accommodation. Basically, this tumor is localized in the upper part of the outer side of the breast.
3. Nuance: this education is not related to the skin or surrounding tissues. Mobile.

Visually, this tumor is very rarely seen. When palpating a woman does not feel pain or discomfort. However, if the lady has a leaf-shaped fibroadenoma of the breast, the symptoms can be as follows:

1. Pain during palpation.
2. Discharge from the nipple.

In this case, you need to make sure that this is fibroadenoma. After all, the same symptoms can be observed if a woman has a cyst in her breast.

It is also important to say that this new formation is most often localized in one of the mammary glands. Very rarely fibroadenomas are multiple and affect both breasts. Also need to clarify that during menstruation, this tumor may increase slightly. The growth of this new growth occurs without any rules. Fibroadenoma can stay in one place for a long time, then start growing rapidly and stop again in its development.

Causes of this disease

We consider further the topic of "fibroadenoma of the breast: symptoms, causes and treatment." What can be said about why this disease can occur in women? First of all, I want to clarify that the reasons for the occurrence of fibroadenoma by specialists are still being investigated. And just to say about why this new growth appeared in the lady, no one can. Possible causes of fibroadenoma of the breast:

1. Hormonal disorders that affect the changes in breast tissue (possible growth of structural tissue elements, improper development of the tissue, etc.). Also, the reason may be an excess of estrogen and a lack of progesterone (hormones).
2. Violations of the menstrual cycle.
3. Certain diseases of the thyroid gland, ovaries, pituitary gland and adrenal glands can also cause fibroadenomas.
4. To the emergence of these tumors may result in obesity, gynecological diseases and even diabetes mellitus.
5. This tumor, according to American and British scientists, can appear in those girls who take birth control pills before the age of 20 years.
6. Also, the cause of this disease can be the strongest nervous shock, stress, which sometimes trigger unnecessary and dangerous programs in the body.

Attention!

Having understood what is mammary fibroadenoma (symptoms, causes of the disease), it is also necessary to tell how to get rid of this problem. First of all, you need to know the following: if a lady groped in the chest for some kind of education, she must without fail and immediately seek medical help. Only a qualified doctor will be able to correctly diagnose and prescribe competent treatment.

Vein fibroadenoma: treatment

So, the phalloid fibroadenoma of the mammary gland. Symptoms and treatment of this problem - now this will be discussed. Recall that the symptomatology was described above (different pain sensations). What are the ways of treatment for this tumor? The only option is surgery. And all because the cells of this tumor are unpredictable - can turn into cancer at any stage of its development.

Other types of fibroadenomas

What should a woman do if she was diagnosed with a "breast fibroadenoma"? Symptoms and treatment of the disease - that's what it should first find out about. If the lady has any other fibroadenoma (not flippered), in this case the doctor will only put the woman on a dispensary account, tell about how often she needs to visit the doctor (for preventive purposes) and give some valuable instructions (regarding the daily routine and regime Power supply). Often such tumors do not require surgical intervention and remain constant companions of the lady.

A few words about surgery

What advice can a doctor give to a lady who was diagnosed with a "fibroadenoma of the breast"? Treatment - removal (operation). However, the testimony for this should be as follows:

1. Surgical intervention can be prescribed if the tumor recently actively began to grow and increase in size (it became twice as large in about six months).
2. You can prescribe the operation for cosmetic purposes if the tumor is seen through the skin or it simply prevents a woman from living.

Also, the doctor will advise you to remove this tumor to the following women:

1. Age of which is more than 40 years.
2. Pregnant ladies (fibroadenoma can become an obstacle to breastfeeding).

How is surgery performed?

Women who are recommended surgical intervention, it is worth knowing that there are several of its options:

1. Lamectomy, or partial resection. Occurs under general anesthesia, some healthy tissues are also removed. Most often, this operation is prescribed in the event that there is a suspicion of a malignant tumor.
2. Nucleation, or vyluschivanie. This is the removal of only the tumor itself, without surrounding tissues. It is done under local anesthesia.

It is worth mentioning that it is also possible to remove the tumor without surgery, using a laser.

Postoperative period

We consider further the topic: "Fibroadenoma of the breast: its symptoms and treatment." What can be said about the peculiarities of the postoperative period?

1. In the hospital, the lady will spend a maximum of 24 hours.
2. For 10 days a woman should be at home, in peace. At this time, the wound is treated antiseptically.
3. Stitching takes place 8-10 days after the operation.
4. The seam can ache a month after surgery.

Effects

What other questions often disturb women with this diagnosis? If the fibroadenoma of the mammary glands has been removed, the symptoms or consequences after surgery remain? What about this can be said:

1. For several years after surgery, a scar will be visible. Over the years, however, it will practically disappear. The size of it will not exceed a centimeter.
2. Fibroadenomas can also occur after they have been removed. So women need to closely monitor their hormonal background and the state of their breasts.