Taxation LLC: four systems and their characteristics

A limited liability company is a popular form of ownership. The founders have several advantages in its formation. One of them is granting to the legal entity the right to choose the type of taxation. There are four in total. Consider in detail the taxation system LLC.

1. Simplified. This system is recommended for companies whose activities are just beginning. The firm can not yet accurately forecast its revenues. How to switch to a simplified taxation LLC? Even in the process of issuing documents to the founders, it is necessary to notify the registration authority about this desire by means of an application. A simplified system is allowed for firms with a staff of no more than 100 people. At the same time, the company's revenues should not exceed 20 million rubles. in year. With a simplified taxation system, the following deductions are not paid: property tax, profit, unified social tax, VAT. But the organization is obliged to pay personal income tax, a single tax and insurance premiums.

Simplified taxation LLC implies the choice of one of the two bases. The most profitable of them is the use of net income. This value is involved in calculating the amount of tax. The second variant of the base is "revenues less expenses." It is difficult to calculate the tax, since not all costs can be used for deduction. For example, the cost of repairing a personal car of a director at the expense of the organization's resources can not be taken into account to reduce revenues.

The interest rate for determining the tax also depends on the chosen base. When using "net income", the organization must pay 6% of the taxable amount. In the second case, the tax rate is 15%. Which base is better to use if the organization has high costs? In this case it is more profitable to take for taxation "incomes minus costs". At low costs, it is better for the firm to use "net income".

2. Traditional or general taxation system LLC. It is one of the most difficult to determine the base. Even the process of accounting is difficult, so an organization must have an excellent specialist in its staff. A reporting company will need serious software (1C Accounting, etc.). FOSS is applied by enterprises where relatively constant amounts of income and expenditure, as well as large cash turnover. The organization, choosing the traditional system, pays to the budget property tax (2.2%), profit (20%), VAT (18%), UST (26%).

3. UCNN is used by organizations that produce agricultural products. Single agricultural tax replaces VAT, UST, property taxes and profits.

4. UTII is used for enterprises that engage in certain types of activities. That is, a single tax on imputed income is imposed not on an entrepreneur or a legal entity, but on his labor. When calculating the UTII is taken into account not actually received income, but imputed. State officials determine the amount of tax independently. In other syllables, UTII is a kind of obrok imposed from above. Organizations that want to work with this system are rather few.

Thus, the taxation LLC is one of four systems. The last two of them are applied by enterprises that conduct specific activities. Therefore, they can not choose independently the taxation system. Simplified taxation LLC and the traditional system of founders is chosen independently. In these cases, the state can not influence the management of the enterprise. The founders of a limited liability company should seriously approach the issue of choosing a taxation system.