FGUP GKNPTS them. Khrunichev. Roskosmos. State Space Research and Production Center named after MV Khrunichev

Federal State Unitary Enterprise GKNPTs them. Khrunichev, created in 1993 by the merger of the country's two major enterprises in the rocket and space industry - the Salyut Design Bureau and the Khrunichev Machine-Building Plant - would not only preserve and strengthen the scientific and technical potential in completely different conditions of the country's economy, but also To increase the efficiency of work so that it allows to enter the world market of space exploration.

Integration

A strategy was developed to develop the whole sphere of the rocket and space industry, a special program was established, which was approved by the government of the Russian Federation, for reforming and developing the defense industry in 2001. It was in accordance with this that the largest integrated structure was created on the basis of the GKNPTS im. Khrunichev - to develop and create a heavy class of carrier rockets.

The main task of integration was the preservation of the existing scientific, technical and production potential of the enterprise in order to ensure the implementation of state orders, which provided for the Federal Space Program.

Implementation of the decree

In 2007, a presidential decree appeared on this federal state unitary enterprise. GKNPTS them. Khrunichev worked for ten months to reorganize and join four more FSUEs as branches, where the leading role was played by the Federal Space Agency and the Federal Agency for Federal Property Management.

Thanks to the merger of the production association "Poljot" as a branch, the Moscow company for the acquisition of equipment "Length", the Voronezh Mechanical Plant, and a little later the KB Chemical Engineering. Isaev, the president's decree was executed completely and completely.

Strengthening of forces

Nevertheless, in 2008 the State Scientific and Technical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Khrunichev received a controlling stake in the Perm enterprise Proton-PM. There were produced RD-276 - liquid rocket engines used as the power plant of the first stage of the Proton-M rocket (heavy class). And in 2009 to the State Scientific and Technical Center. Khrunichev under the following decree of the President received shares of the KB chimavtomatiki - the world leader in the development of rocket engines, a participant in all manned space programs of our country.

This is one of the most up-to-date, excellently equipped scientific and production associations, capable of providing the entire cycle for the development of a liquid rocket engine for the defense, and for science and the national economy - the Design Bureau of Chemical Automation. As part of the FSUE GKNPTs them. MV Khrunichev KBHA it creates the best engines, develops RD-0124A, used as the second and third stages of the newest Russian launch vehicles. "Angara", for example, brings to orbit from spaceports of the Russian Federation spacecraft of a heavy class.

History and geography

In 2011, issued a presidential decree, according to which the FSUE GKNPTs them. MV Khrunichev received a new branch - FSUE Ust-Katav Carriage Works named after Kirov. Now the Space Center includes, in addition to the above, the RKZ (Rocket and Space Plant), KB Salyut, ZERKT (Plant for Exploitation of Missile and Space Equipment), ZMT and TNP (Plant of Medical Equipment and Consumer Goods).

In total, the Khrunichev State Space Research and Production Center has nine branches in seven different territories covering the whole country - Moscow and the regions - Moscow, Vladimir, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Arkhangelsk, Voronezh, and now in the Crimea.

ЗМТ and ТНП

This plant was formed in the early nineties and was called to work on the creation of advanced technologies for the production of science-intensive high-quality medical equipment, where the priority is equipment and equipment for resuscitation, departments of hyperbaric oxygenation and hypoxia. For example, single-chamber oxygen pressure chambers are created here, reliable, like all rocket and space technology. Absolutely unique technological base and successful long-term experience of highly skilled employees in this field allowed to develop, organize production and release in a very short time a series of unique medical devices, such as bar-systems BLKS-307, BLKS-303MK, BLKS-301M.

A variety of equipment for the production of ZMT and TNP in military hospitals is used: Burdenko, Vishnevsky, the Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Sklifosovsky Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, the Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy, and many other medical institutions. High reliability of this product is achieved both by the technologies and the control system that is necessary in the production of space technology. This plant is located at: Moscow, Novozavodskaya street, 18.

ZERTCT

Near the plant is located, where they operate rocket and space equipment. The main directions of his activity are the following:

1. Preparation of launch of launch vehicles (launch vehicles) at the cosmodromes.
2. Here, technical complexes for the rocket space rocket Rokot and Proton are being built and operated at the cosmodromes.
3. Employees of the plant organize works and participate in them for major repair and reconstruction of the SC (launch complexes) at the Russian cosmodromes (Rokot and Proton).
4. Here the creation and operation of the KRK (space rocket complex) "Angara" is underway.

Plant management and plant management is located in Moscow (Novozavodskaya street), on the territory of Khrunichev State Research and Production Center. In Kazakhstan, the flight-testing base is based at the Baikonur cosmodrome. Also in Arkhangelsk region there is a second flight-testing base at the Plesetsk space center.

RKZ

Enterprises of Roskosmos will not be able to work in full without such a high-tech plant as rocket and space. Technologies here are the most advanced and knowledge-intensive, closely related to production.

Work is carried out in the following industries: metallurgical, sheet-stamping, blanking, machining, tooling, assembly and welding, aggregate-assembly, galvanic-chemical, heat-protective and paint coatings, chemical dimensional milling, rubber products, composite materials and plastics, cable products, pneumovacuum tests in All kinds and many more. Such a wide range of activities is provided by the commonwealth, where other Roskosmos enterprises take part.

All these manufactures have certificates and allow products to receive the highest class of reliability and quality. At this plant, not only produce products on ready drawings, but also develop technical tasks, design independently all the technical equipment of the existing technological processes.

Rocket and space industry

The Russian corporation Roskosmos, which manages the entire space industry of the country, was created by the transformation of the federal space agency. And its star path began in the USSR Ministry of General Mechanical Engineering, then there were many natural reconstructions, integrations with enterprises and scientific organizations, which are still in its composition. Most of the space research and bold accomplishments occurred in the Soviet era.

The Roskosmos office in Moscow, the Flight Control Center is in Korolev, and cosmonauts are being trained in the Star City. Both cities are directly outside Moscow. Also, Roskosmos uses three cosmodromes: Plesetsk, Vostochny and Baikonur. Cooperation with space agencies of other countries is successfully being carried out, conclusions are being made into the orbit of their satellites, cosmonauts and scientists work together on the ISS, and the delivery of foreigners to the station is provided by Roskosmos. This corporation is subordinated to the whole rocket and space industry.

Symbols

The Soviet period of work of the Ministry of General Mechanical Engineering was truly unique. Russia became a truly cosmic power thanks to the first artificial satellite launched in October 1957, photographs of the brave dog cosmonauts Belki and Strelka flew around the world in November 1957. Finally, came April 1961, when the first man flew into space - Yuri Gagarin. It was no less joyful to learn in 1965 that Alexei Leonov for the first time in the world left the spacecraft in space. And then the ship "Buran" and the orbital station "Mir" went into space.

In 1991, the ministry was transformed in connection with the collapse of the USSR and since the head of the ministry participated in the Emergency Committee. Some of the objects of the space industry found themselves on the territory of other states. The financial crisis did not allow the implementation of the previous management model with duplication of production and equipment. The Ministry of General Mechanical Engineering was abolished. In 1992, the RSA (Russian Space Agency, directly subordinated to the government of the Russian Federation with a maximum number of employees of two hundred and twenty people was formed.

Space tourism

The funding of space research was in acute deficit, so an alternative solution to this problem was found. The industry supported space tourism. In 2001, on a commercial basis, sixty-year-old Dennis Tito was sent to space, and then seven such extremely wealthy tourists. Station "Mir" by that time had worked three times the time allowed to it and sank in the south of the Pacific Ocean.

In 2010, the construction of the "Vostochny" cosmodrome was started, and six months later people began to use the free cartographic service - "Roskosmos geoportal". By 2015, the newly created state corporation began to emerge from the post-perestroika crisis. The restructuring involved removing the habits of the nineties - the lack of transparency in financing and management schemes, even of ownership, which appeared everywhere through the disintegration of the Minobshchemash. The scope of activity of Roskosmos has significantly expanded. In April 2016, the first launch from the cosmodrome "Vostochny" took place.

Main goals

Roskosmos Corporation ensures the implementation of state policy, regulatory and legal regulation, renders services and manages property owned by the state in the field of space activities.

International cooperation is being carried out, joint projects and programs are being implemented, work is underway on military equipment related to rocket and space, as well as military technology for strategic purposes. Thus, parity and superiority over geopolitical opponents are ensured.