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Endoscopy of the intestine: what is it, description of the procedure, indications, preparation

A clear way of determining diseases in the digestive system is called "endoscopy of the intestine." What it is, what kinds of this method there are, and how each of them is carried out - this is what this article will discuss. Also, we will determine which diet should be followed before the procedure. And let's find out the approximate cost of manipulation.

Endoscopy of the intestine: what is it?

This is a special research method that allows to assess the state of intestinal walls from the inside with the help of special devices. Endoscopy is carried out in many medical institutions. This method of examination can detect diseases of the intestine and rectum.

Endoscopy is most often performed using endoscopes - long tubes made of plastic or iron, with a camera at the end. Thanks to such adaptations, one can not only examine and take on tissue analysis, but also conduct surgical interventions.

Also, when carrying out endoscopy, other equipment can also be used - a special camera that a person swallows during the procedure. Which device to choose - the doctor decides together with the patient.

Kinds

Endoscopy is divided into the following types:

- Capsular endoscopy of the intestine - when examining the small intestine. With this method, the patient swallows a special capsule with a built-in camera.

- Colonoscopy - a method of examination of all areas of the intestine.

- Rectoscopy is a method for assessing the condition of the rectum.

In what cases can be appointed?

A medical examination called endoscopy can be performed if a person is disturbed:

- Gastrointestinal bleeding.

- Pains of unknown origin in the abdomen.

- Polyps in the stomach, intestines.

- Intestinal obstruction.

- The presence of a foreign body in the intestine.

Also this research the doctor can appoint:

- If there is a suspicion of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease.

- With a decrease in weight against anemia of an incomprehensible genesis or elevated temperature.

- If there is a suspicion of a tumor, an ulcer. In this case, the specialist conducts a biopsy.

- To monitor the effectiveness of the treatment process.

Preparation for a survey called endoscopy of the intestine

We have already considered what it is, now we need to find out what a person should do to be successful.

  1. Clear the intestines of stool.
  2. Follow the diet.

The day before the examination, you need to put an enema or take laxatives.

The diet should go 2 days before endoscopy. A person should exclude from the diet the following products:

- Raw vegetables, fruits and berries.

- Kashi (millet, pearl, oatmeal).

- Greenery.

- Legumes.

- Milk.

- Black bread.

- Kvass.

At this time, the ideal products are:

- A fish.

- Dairy products.

- Boiled lean chicken meat.

- Gallet cookies.

Contraindications

This medical examination is not carried out if the patient has:

- Shock condition.

- Violation of blood clotting.

- Severe ulcerative colitis.

- Mental problems.

- Suspicion of perforation.

- Toxic megacolon (defect in which the large intestine increases in size).

Complications

Endoscopy of the small intestine - the procedure is invasive, that is, related to penetration into the body, but complications in its implementation are rare. Although the risk is actually there. True, it can be associated with the actions not of the doctor, but of the patient himself. For example, if the big one is too overdoing when cleaning the intestine, then this can lead to excessive fluid loss. As a result, a person will faint. Complications caused by the procedure itself can be as follows:

- Pain shock.

- Disruption of intestinal integrity.

- Bleeding.

- Acute pancreatitis.

- Temporary lowering of blood pressure.

- The appearance of wounds, pustules.

As you can see, the procedure is serious, so you do not need to treat it lightly.

Conducting rectoscopy

This is one type of endoscopy of the intestine. This examination is performed by inserting a special instrument into the anus - a sigmoidoscope. To rectoscopy, doctors resort when it is necessary to diagnose early oncological diseases of the rectum.

How to examine the intestine in this case, and in what position is the patient during the procedure? The patient should undress below the waist and stand in the knee-elbow position on the couch. First, the doctor by the method of palpation examines the anus. Then the specialist lubricates the instrument with petroleum jelly and slowly introduces it into the anus. Then the doctor removes the limiter and determines the rectomanoscope deeper. Further examination is carried out under video control. The tool tip moves freely through the lumen of the intestine. Upon examination, the specialist draws attention to the elasticity of the mucosa, the structure, color of the intestine, vascular network, the presence of tumors.

Conducting a colonoscopy

This is another method of examination of the intestine, allowing more accurate and effective detection of benign and malignant tumors, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis. The peculiarity of colonoscopy is that simultaneously with the diagnosis, therapeutic procedures can be performed, for example, extracting a foreign body, stopping bleeding, removing neoplasms.

Endoscopy of the intestine, preparation for which should be carried out a few days before the manipulation, is considered quite long. The time of the colonoscopy is from 30 minutes to 1 hour. Also this method is rather painful, so the doctor often uses anesthesia. The procedure begins with anesthesia; When she acts, a specialist enters the anus into the anus, then slowly moves it forward. In this case, the bowel is filled with air.

The patient during the procedure first lies on his side with legs tucked up to the trunk. After a while, he is turned on his back.

To make an accurate diagnosis, the doctor takes a biopsy.

Conduction of capsular endoscopy

How to examine the intestine in this case, and what are the advantages, disadvantages of this method?

The patient swallows a one-time video cassette that passes through the esophagus, stomach, thick and small intestines and automatically takes pictures. During this survey a person can do anything: watch TV, read a book, communicate with relatives.

Duration of capsular endoscopy - from 8 to 9 hours, while the patient can be in any position. During the diagnosis, the doctor closely follows the progress of the capsule. He can at any time see where it goes, turn it off for a while to save the charge. The capsule leaves naturally, after which the video information from it is recorded on the computer. Then, with the help of doctor's programs, they scan images, evaluate pictures and make a diagnosis.

Advantages and disadvantages of capsular endoscopy of the intestine

Pros:

- Painless procedure.

- Comfort. During the manipulation, a person does not experience any discomfort. He can move freely, do whatever he wants.

- Security. There is no negative effect on the body of the video capsule. Completely eliminates the risk of damage to internal organs. The capsule itself is disposable, sterile, so you do not need to worry about getting infected with the body.

- High efficiency. This method of examination allows for 100% to reveal any deviations, bowel diseases.

Cons: he is alone, and this is a high cost procedure. So, depending on the location, the patient will have to pay from 25 to 60 thousand rubles.

Cost of endoscopy of the intestine

Depending on the type of manipulation performed, the prices will vary:

- Colonoscopy - from 6 to 8 thousand rubles.

- Rectoscopy - from 8 to 10 thousand rubles.

- Capsular endoscopy, the price of which was the highest, will cost the patient an average of 30 thousand rubles.

These are all conditional prices, for more specific figures the patient should go directly to the medical institution where the manipulation will take place.

Conclusion

A reliable method for studying diseases of the digestive system is endoscopy of the intestine. What is it, and what kinds of this procedure is divided, found out. We realized that before you go to endoscopy, you need to carefully prepare for it: exclude prohibited foods, cleanse the intestines. Also, you need to be morally tune to this research: to stop being nervous, to worry. After all, you are not the first, and not the last, who passes through endoscopy. And the price of this survey should not scare, because health is more valuable than any money.

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