Diuretic tablets

Diuretics or diuretics are drugs that have selective effects on the kidneys and, consequently, increase diuresis.

Diuretic drugs are used in medicine for a long period of time, more than 50 years, these drugs are used to treat hypertension and kidney pathology. Studies of American scientists have shown that diuretics, in their therapeutic effect, are not inferior to other groups of antihypertensive drugs.

Diuretic drugs are divided into classes according to the level of exposure of the drug to the kidneys:

• A group of osmotic diuretics - stimulates mainly aqueous diuresis. The main representative of Monnitol.
• Saluretics are diuretics that increase the excretion of potassium, sodium and chlorine. Representatives: Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide.
• Potassium-sparing diuretics that provoke increased release of sodium from the body and block the excretion of potassium. Representatives: Amyloride, Spironolactone.

The mechanism of action of all diuretics is aimed at reducing the volume of circulating blood in the human body, reducing the release of sodium and reducing its reserves in the vascular endothelium, as well as providing a direct vasodilating action.

Accordingly, the diuretics, getting into the stomach, are absorbed into the blood and flow into the kidneys with the current of the blood and act there at different levels of filtration and reabsorption. Due to this, it is possible to influence the diuresis of patients, the level of fluid in the body, and hence the level of blood pressure.

The main indications for the appointment of diuretics are arterial hypertension and heart failure. However, diuretics are also effective in certain renal diseases, intoxication and heart pathology. An easy diuretic can be used for some urogenital diseases or for reducing swelling.

Contraindications to the appointment of diuretics can be considered:

1. Gout
2. Dyslipidemia
3. Diabetes
4. Renal failure (only for thioside and potassium-sparing diuretics).

Diuretics, despite all their positive properties, are not devoid of side effects, which are often the main blocking factor to their purpose.

For loop diuretics:

• hypotension;
• Hypokalemia;
• Hyperuricemia;
• Hypercalcemia;
• Ozotemia;
• Tolerance to glucose.

The group of thioside diuretics and their analogs has much fewer side effects than their predecessors:

• Increase in potassium concentration;
• Increased blood sugar;
• The presence of blood in the urine;
• impotence.

Potassium-sparing diuretics are practically devoid of negative effects, in some cases impotence and an increase in the potassium content in the blood can be noted.

It must be remembered that not all preparations are well combined with each other. As for diuretics, you need to be very careful with them, because in arterial hypertension, in addition to diuretics, a large number of other antihypertensive drugs are used.

For example, Furosemide in combination with aminoglycasid antibacterial agents increases the ototoxic effect, and in combination with cardiac glycosides - accelerates the formation of a toxic effect. The administration of Furosemide together with NSAIDs may lead to a decrease in the diuretic effect of the former.

Thioside diuretics are best combined with antihypertensive drugs, because They enhance this effect. However, they are best not to be used together with cardiac glycosides - this can lead to the rapid development of intoxication.

Potassium-sparing diuretics have a positive effect in combination with antihypertensive drugs and negative with NSAIDs and cardiac glycosides.