Diseases of the intestine

Diseases of the inflammatory bowel are accompanied by a lesion of the mucosa of a site or the whole body as a whole. In this case, the mucus membrane is secreted.

Inflammation of the mucosa in the duodenum is called duodenitis, in the large intestine - colitis, the small intestine - enteritis. The inflammatory process in the rectum is called proctitis. When inflammation of the cecum, tiflitis is diagnosed, appendix, appendicitis. Sigmoiditis is an inflammation of the sigmoid colon.

Many diseases of the intestines, accompanied by inflammation of the mucosa, provoke the appearance of ulcers. In many cases, they are bleeding. Such ulcers accompany severe inflammation. These include such intestinal diseases as typhoid fever, dysentery and other diseases.

In a number of cases, deep ulcers provoke perforation (perforation) of the organ wall, which subsequently causes purulent peritonitis.

Diseases of the intestine cause not only anatomical, but also functional disorders.

As is known, the function of the intestinal tract includes the continuation and completion of digestion of food, the absorption of nutrients and water into the blood, as well as the removal of food remains unnecessary to the body.

Any disease of the intestine provokes a violation of its functions.

Inflammation of the mucosa is accompanied by increased excretion of mucus in the lumen, and in some cases, exudative fluid.

Constipation and diarrhea often accompany intestinal diseases. Symptoms arise from the violation of reflex muscle contraction. Such conditions can occur not only in cases of lesions of intestinal walls, but also on the basis of nervous disorders. In medical practice, there are many cases in which the increase in peristalsis (diarrhea) occurred precisely in a state of intense excitement or fear, while the intestinal walls were absolutely healthy. Strengthening of peristalsis can be caused by rough plant food. In a number of cases, enhanced peristalsis, as well as emetic state, is a special reaction of the body, through which accelerated removal of harmful substances from the body occurs.

Lesion of the intestine can be caused not only by inflammation. So, helminthiases are caused by parasitic worms. For this group of diseases, a relatively slow flow and development is characteristic.

To diseases of the intestines of an infectious nature include salmonellosis. As a rule, animals are considered to be its main vectors. In rare cases, the source of the disease may be a person. Typically, the sources of "hospital" strains include patients and staff in hospitals. The disease is transmitted through food products of animal origin or water.

Congenital or acquired weakness of connective intestinal tissue can provoke diverticulosis. This disease occurs when changes in the muscular wall and the violation of its motor skills. This disease is attributed to the final manifestation of any disturbance in the intestinal wall. With this disease, the appearance of sack protrusions on the walls. The disease is not characterized by any expressed manifestations and is diagnosed, as a rule, accidentally during the research of the intestine for other reasons.

Giardiasis refers to infectious diseases. The disease is expressed in bowel dysfunction. The disease occurs in the form of parasitism. The main cause of its occurrence is a violation of absorption of carbohydrates, fats, vitamins. Giardiasis is also called a disease of dirty hands. The disease is transmitted through water, food.