Cultivator for continuous tillage for crops

Cultivators are agricultural mechanisms from the list of basic equipment used in agriculture. Today, there are many varieties of this unit, both domestic and imported. A cultivator of continuous processing, unlike a plow, loosens the soil without a turn of the formation. Its main function, regardless of the variety, is soil cultivation.

Classification

Cultivators for soil cultivation are classified according to various characteristics. First of all, depending on how they connect to the tractor, they are divided into trailed and hinged.

Cultivators are separated and according to their intended purpose. The first group includes a cultivator for continuous tillage (presowing or steam). It is used for loosening with the simultaneous destruction of weeds in the care of vapors or preparing the soil for sowing.

The next group is row cultivators. With their help, cultivate tilled crops, destroy weeds by pruning and prisypaniem earth, and in addition, spend fertilizing crops and loosening rows.

A separate group - special cultivators: forest, garden and anti-erosion. During the work they destroy almost 100% of the weeds. When loosening the soil, such machines prevent the removal of wet layers on the surface.

One should also mention universal cultivators carrying out two or more operations for cultivating the land.

Depending on the number of cultivated rows, the cultivator for continuous tillage refers to either single-row or multi-row cultivators. In addition, the units differ in the type of working bodies and are respectively called: plowshares (paws), milling, rotary, disk.

Construction of cultivators

The general constructive scheme of cultivators consists of the following assembly units: frame, working bodies (disks, milling knives, paws, etc.) and their fastening system (plates, paw holders, sills, etc.), running or supporting wheels in Depending on the type (disk mounted cultivator for continuous tillage does not have support wheels).

The circuit also includes devices and mechanisms: for transferring the machine from the transport position to the working position and vice versa, to adjust the depth of immersion of the working bodies and to set the specified aisle as well as the steering device.

Application of cultivators

The cultivator for continuous tillage is used, as a rule, before sowing crops for cultivation of soil and simultaneous alignment of the microrelief, to control weeds after the early harvest is harvested. The unit performs loosening and mulching of the soil, as well as its adjustable compaction.

The technological process is as follows: during the working stroke along the field, the cultivator's pointed legs loosen the surface layer to a specified depth, cut the weeds, and a special device located behind it aligns the furrows.

The cultivator cultivates the land for sowing tilled, spring, vegetable crops, and also makes the processing of vapors in order to preserve moisture in the soil. Leveling the surface of fields with a cultivator reduces the number of passes of other agricultural machines and ensures high productivity of subsequent operations.